N-己基-甲基吡咯烷酮溴盐与N-丁基-甲基吡咯烷酮溴盐在不同温度下的密度、电导率和粘度的实验数据(英文)

The densities, conductivities, and viscosities were measured for ternary solutions of N-hexyl, methylpyrrolidinium bromide ([PP1,6]Br)-N-butyl,methylpyrrolidinium bromide ([PP1,4]Br)-H2O and its binary subsystems [PP1,6]Br-H2O and [PP1,4]Br-H2O at (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K, respectively. The results were used to test the predictability of the simple equations established for the prediction of density, conductivity, and viscosity of the mixed electrolyte solutions. The results show that the examined simple equations can offer good predictions for density, conductivity, and viscosity of the mixed ionic liquid solutions in terms of the corre-sponding properties of its binary subsystems of equal ionic strength.     

由二元亚系的数据预测混合电解质水溶液的活度系数

The simple equation relating the activity coefficient of each solute in mixed electrolyte solution to its value in binary solutions under isopiestic equilibrium was tested by comparison with the experimental data for the 18 electrolyte solutions consisting of 1：1, 1：2, and 1：3 electrolytes. The isopiestic measurements were made on the quaternary system BaCl2-NH4Br-NaI-H2O and its ternary subsystems NaI-NH4Br-H2O, NaI-BaCl2-H2O, and NH4Br-BaCl2-H2O at 298.15K. The results were used to test the applicability of the Zdanovskii＇s rule to the mixed electrolyte solutions which contain no common ions, and the agreement is excellent. The activity coefficients of the solutes in the above quaternary and ternary systems calculated from the above-mentioned simple equation are in good agreement with the Pitzer＇s equation.     

Physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions of sodium glycinate in the non-precipitation regime from 298.15 to 343.15 K

The physicochemical properties, including the density, viscosity, and refractive index of aqueous solutions of sodium glycinate as a solvent for CO2 absorption in the non-precipitation regime were measured under the wide temperature range of 298.15 to 343.15 K. The concentration of the sodium glycinate in an aqueous form in the non-precipitation regime was identified up to 2.0 mol·L?1. The coefficients of thermal expansion values were estimated from measured density data. It was found that, the densities, viscosities and refractive indices of the aqueous sodium glycinate decrease with an increase in temperature, whereas with increasing sodium glycinate concentration in the solution, all three properties increase. Thermal expansion coefficients slightly increase with rising temperature and concentration. The measured values of density, viscosity and refractive index were correlated as a function of temperature by using the least squares method. The predicted data obtained from correlation equations for all measured properties were in fairly good agreement with the experimental data.     

288.15K-308.15K(Poloxamerl88+乙醇/丙酮+水)三元体系的密度和黏度

The densities and viscosities of ternary systems(Poloxamer 188+ethanol/acetone+water)were meas- ured at 288.15,293.15,298.15,303.15,308.15 K and atmospheric pressure for different mass fractions of Poloxamer 188(0 to 0.02)in aqueous solution and different solvent volume fractions of ethanol/acetone(0 to 0.3)in Poloxamer 188 aqueous solution.The densities were measured by a pycnometer,while the viscosities were measured using two Ubbelohde capillary viscometers.The correlations of density and viscosity of these ternary systems are obtained by fitting the experimental data at different temperatures,mass fractions and volume fractions.     

Measurement of thermal conductivity,viscosity and density of ionic liquid [EMIM][DEP]-based nanofluids☆

This article studied experimentally the effect of multi-wall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)on the thermo physical properties of ionic liquid-based nanofluids.The nanofluids were composed of ionic liquid,1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate [EMIM][DEP],or its aqueous solution[EMIM][DEP](1)+ H_2O(2)and MWCNTs without any surfactants.The thermal conductivity,viscosity and density of the nanofluids were measured experimentally.The effects of the mass fraction of MWCNTs,temperature and the mole fraction of water on the thermo physical properties of nanofluids were studied.Results show that the thermal conductivity of nanofluids increases within the range of 1.3%–9.7% compared to their base liquids,and have a well linear dependence on temperature.The viscosity and density of the nanofluids exhibit a remarkable increase compared with those of the base liquids.Finally,the correlation of the effective thermal conductivity and viscosity of the nanofluids was made using the models in the literatures.     

离子液体[C4mim][PF6]与N, N-二甲基甲酰胺二元混合物在298.15 K～318.15 K的密度和粘度

Viscosities and densities for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate （[C4mim][PF6]） and N, N-dimethylformamide （DMF） binary mixtures have been measured at the temperature range from 293.15 K to 318.15 K. It is shown that the viscosities and densities decrease monotonously with temperature and the content of DMF. Various correlation methods including Arrhenius-like equation, Sedclon et al.＇s equation, Redlich-Kister equation with four parameters, and other empirical equations were applied to evaluate these experimental data. A model based on an equation of state Ior estimating the viscosity of mixtures containing ionic liquids were proposed by coupling with the excess Gibbs free energy model of viscosity, which can synchronously calculate the viscosity and the molar volume. The results show that the model gives a deviation of 8.29% for the viscosity, and a deviation of 1.05% for the molar volume when only one temperature-independent adjustable parameter is adopted. The correlation accuracy is further improved when two parameters or one temperature-dependent parameter is used.     

羰基硫在二乙二醇二乙醚/水二元混合体系中的水解

The solubility and hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide in binary mixture of diethylene glycol diethyl ether and water are studied as a function of composition. The use of an aqueous solution of diethylene glycol diethyl ether enhances the solubility and hydrolysis rate of carbonyl sulfide compared with that in pure water. The composition of the mixture with maximum hydrolysis rate varies with temperature. The thermophysical properties including density, viscosity, and surface tension as a function of composition at 20℃ under atmospheric pressure as well as liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data over the temperature range from 28℃ to 90℃ are also measured for the binary mixture.     

以弱碱性树脂去除废水中5-氨基-2-氯苯-4-磺酸和盐酸

This research deals with an investigation of the adsorption of two acids, namely, 5-amino- 2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic and chlorhydric acids from their solution onto weakly basic resin. The screening of resins, kinetics, and isotherm were studied. The results indicate that the D301R is more appropriate for the removal of acids from solution. The adsorption of acids obeys Langmuir isotherm and the first-order kinetics model. Sorptive affinity of the two acids on D301R was found to be in the order of 5-amino-2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic acid〉 chlorhydric acid. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of acids were calculated and discussed. The maximum removal of acids was observed around 97% and 76% at 25℃ for 5-amino-2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic acid and chlorhydric acid, respectively.     

二甲氧基甲烷饱和液体运动黏度

The kinematic viscosity values of the saturated liquid dtmethoxy memane are reported over the temperature range from 248. 467 to 353. 154 K along the saturation line made with a calibrated Ubbelohdetype capillary viscometer. The total experimental uncertainty is less than 0. 71%. In addition, the results were correlated as a function of temperature for the kinematic viscosity equation of saturated liquid. The absolute average deviation and the maximum deviation of the experimental results from the correlated equation are 0. 35% and 1.45%, respectively.     

含离子液体溴化1-丙基-3-甲基咪唑的二元和三元体系的蒸气压测定

Vapor pressure values of binary systems water ＋ ethanol, water ＋ ionic liquid 1-propyl-3- methylimidazolium bromide （[PMIM] [Br]）, ethanol ＋ [PMIM] [Br] and ternary system water ＋ ethanol ＋ [PMIM] [Br] at different temperatures were measured by using a modified boiling point method in various concentrations of （16.66%, 33.7%）, （17.4%, 33.9%） and （16.5%, 32%） mass percent of ionic liquid, respectively. The experimental vapor pressures of solvent were well correlated by the Antoine-type equation, and the overall average absolute deviation （AAD） was found to be 0.39%. The experimental results for mixtures containing ionic liquid indicate that the vapor pressure of the solvents can be decreased noticeably to different extent due to the affinity difference between ionic liquid and solvent, which is similar to the salt effect of common inorganic salts. As a result, ionic liquid may find industrial applications in extractive distillations for the system with a low separation factor or even for an azeotropic mixture.     

298.15K时甘露醇-山梨醇-葡萄糖-水四元系及其二元系的密度和黏度

To check the applicabilities of the simple density equation and viscosity equation in the semi-ideal solution theory to nonelectrolyte solutions, the densities and viscosities were measured for the quaternary system mannitol-sorbitol-D-glucose-H2O and its ternary subsystems mannitol-D-glucose-H2O and sorbitol-D-glucose-H2O at 298.15K. The results were used to test the applicability of the simple equations for the density and viscosity of the multicomponent nonelectrolyte solution. The agreements between the predicted and measured results are good.     

Viscometric study of aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions as a binder in adhesive formulations

Commercial grade poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is widely used in adhesive and textile industries. The density and viscosity of an aqueous PVA solution are important properties in the various processing stages in these industries. In this work, the density and viscosity of aqueous PVA solutions are measured and the average molecular weight of PVA is determined. The measured densities are expressed by a simple linear equation in terms of PVA weight fractions. The coefficients of the density equation are calculated and presented. The measured viscosities are fitted to the modified Eyring viscosity model developed by the authors and the parameters of the model are evaluated. The viscosity model with known parameters for aqueous PVA solutions has the added advantages that it can be used in practical applications in various industries for predicting viscosity of aqueous PVA solutions without recourse to expensive and time consuming experimental measurements.     

Thermodynamics of supersaturated solutions: From ternary electrolyte+solute+H2O to binary solute+H2O systems

In our previous paper, a new experimental technique based on the potentiometric method was developed to obtain thermodynamic activity data (in form of activity ratio) particularly for ternary electrolyte+nonelectrolyte+H₂O solutions supersaturated with the nonelectrolyte. In this paper, a rigorous thermodynamic approach is proposed to derive activity data for binary nonelectrolyte+H₂O solutions in the supersaturated region, via cell potentials of an electrolyte tracer and solubility data of the nonelectrolyte. An analysis of thermodynamic consistency is presented to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the measured data. A systematic experimental investigation of three ternary electrolyte+nonelectrolyte+H₂O and two binary nonelectrolyte+H₂O systems is reported in both under-saturated and supersaturated regions (up to a supersaturation level of approximately 27%). Interesting thermodynamic behaviors are observed and their significance is discussed, with the role of thermodynamics in exploration of crystallization phenomena highlighted.     

四丁基脲在蒽醌法制备过氧化氢工艺中的应用研究

介绍国内外蒽醌法生产过氧化氢所用溶剂体系的基本状况,测定了四丁基脲溶剂的各方面使用性能,考核了溶剂对工作液基本性能(黏度、密度、过氧化氢分配系数、蒽醌及氢蒽醌溶解度)、钯催化剂加氢反应活性和萃取过程的影响,对含四丁基脲工作液进行了模型试验。结果表明,与磷酸三辛酯相比,应用于蒽醌法过氧化氢制备工艺中四丁基脲优势比较明显,可提高过氧化氢生产能力和萃取液过氧化氢含量,降低萃余液过氧化氢含量。     

Solubilities and diffusivities of N2O and CO2 in aqueous sulfolane solutions

The solubilities of N₂O and CO₂ in aqueous sulfolane solutions and pure sulfolane solvent, and the diffusivities of N₂O in aqueous sulfolane solutions were measured and correlated over the temperature range from 20° to 85°C; also, the data for density and viscosity that were needed in this experimental work were measured. This experiment revealed that the parameter of N₂O analogy method depends not only on the temperature, but also on the character of the solvent. Therefore, different solvents possess different analogy parameters. Only for dilute aqueous solutions can the parameter be replaced by the analogy parameter of water. The results also proved that the sum of volume fractions contribution is a simple method to estimate the solubility in aqueous sulfolane solutions over the whole range of the concentrations and experimental temperatures, with an average deviation of less than 4·0%.     

Li+(K+)/CO32-、B4O72-- H2O三元系298K时平衡液相的物化性质

研究了二个三元体系Ｌｉ＋／ＣＯ３２－、 Ｂ４Ｏ７２－Ｈ２Ｏ（１）和Ｋ＋／ＣＯ３（２－）、 Ｂ４Ｏ７（２－）－Ｈ２Ｏ（２） ２９８Ｋ时的相平衡液相的物化 性质（密度、折光率、粘度、电导率、ｐＨ值）。研究表明：这二个三元体系均属简单共饱型,无复盐或固溶体形 成。体系（１）的两段溶解度曲线对应于无水Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３和Ｌｉ２Ｂ４Ｏ７Ｈ２Ｏ结晶区,体系（２）的两段溶解度曲线对应于 Ｋ２ＣＯ３·３／２Ｈ２Ｏ和Ｋ２Ｂ４Ｏ７·４Ｈ２Ｏ结晶区。用经验公式对平衡液相的密度、折光率进行了计算,计算值与实验值非常 吻合,最大绝对偏差仅为０．００１１。     

炉渣组分对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-MgO-Na2O渣系粘度的影响

针对高碱度高氧化铝含氧化钠的CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-MgO-Na2O六元渣系,采用有限制的混料均匀设计方法设计实验,在1773 K温度熔融还原条件下测定了该渣系的粘度. 利用偏最小二乘法回归分析,建立了炉渣组分与粘度的回归方程,利用回归方程分析了炉渣碱度[w(CaO)/w(SiO2)], MgO, TiO2, Al2O3及Na2O对炉渣粘度的影响. 结果表明,回归方程拟合的关联系数RC2为0.9945,方程可很好地预测该渣系的粘度. 在实验范围内,炉渣粘度随碱度的增加而增加. 碱度一定时,炉渣粘度随MgO, Al2O3, Na2O含量的增加而逐渐降低,随着TiO2的增加先降低后增加. 当炉渣碱度小于3.1、MgO质量含量大于4%、Al2O3大于20%、TiO2在3.1%~6.1%、Na2O大于0.75%时,1773 K温度下炉渣粘度均小于2 Pa×s,此时渣系粘度完全满足实际冶炼要求.     

Densities,conductivities, and viscosities of aqueous solutions of N-hexyl,methylpyrrolidinium bromide and N-butyl,methylpyrrolidinium bromide at different temperatures

The densities, conductivities, and viscosities were measured for ternary solutions of N-hexyl, methylpyrrolidinium bromide ([PP1,6]Br)-N-butyl,methylpyrrolidinium bromide ([PP1,4]Br)-H2O and its binary...