高铁酸钾的电化学电解合成研究

以Fe为阳极,Pt为阴极材料,KOH溶液为电解液,在隔膜电解池电化学合成高铁酸钾．合成温度为25℃时,电流密度为2mA／cm^2,在12mol／LKOH溶液中电解1．5h,获得最佳合成效率,电流效率为54．2％。     

直接和间接电合成制备出的高铁酸钾的物理和电化学性能

K2FeO4powders were synthesized by the ex-situ and in-situ electrochemical methods, respectively, and characterized by infrared spectrum (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and BET. Their electrochemical performances were investigated by means of galvanostatic discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results of physical characterization showed that the two samples have similar structural features, but their surface morphologies and oriented growth of the crystals are different, which results in smaller specific surface area and lower solubility of the ex-situ electrosynthesized K2FeO4 sample. The results of discharge experiments indicated that the ex-situ electrosythesized K2FeO4 electrode has much larger discharge capacity and lower electrode polarization than the in-situ electrosynthesized K2FeO4 electrode. It was found from the results of EIS that lower electrochemical polarization might be responsible for the improvement on the discharge performance of the ex-situ electrosynthesized K2FeO4 electrode.     

碘化钾添加剂对直接电合成高铁酸钾的影响

提出了一种在氢氧化钾溶液中使用碘化钾添加剂直接电合成固态高铁酸钾的方法,使用CV、EDX、FT-IR和SEM等手段对铁电极和高铁酸钾样品进行表征。结果表明,在65 ℃可以得到最高电流效率（76.6%）,产品纯度为95.3%~97.8%,高铁酸钾质量浓度为66 g/L;在保持电流效率为63%以上的条件下,可将电流密度从2.5 mA/cm2提高到4.5 mA/cm2,与空白样品相比提高了80%。EDX和IR检测表明,使用添加剂所得到的样品不含碘,与空白样品相比其晶体外貌为较长的多面体。     

新型多功能材料高铁酸钾的合成与性能研究

高铁酸钾是一种新型的强氧化剂,在水处理中不仅可用于杀灭藻类和细菌,氧化降解水中的无机物和有机物,去除水中一些重金属离子,同时可以起到脱色、除臭、絮凝沉降的作用,且具有见效快、无残留毒性和不对水体造成二次污染等突出优点.作者使用次氯酸盐氧化法(湿法)进行高铁酸钾的合成.并利用高铁酸钾的强氧化性对劣质柴油进行脱色和脱臭实验,讨论了酸度、浓度、温度等对高铁酸钾在水溶液中稳定性的影响,得到当ω(HNO3)=4.5%,高铁酸钾质量浓度在100 g/L时处理效果最好,而温度则对处理效果影响不显著.     

高铁酸钾的合成及性能研究

采用次氯酸盐氧化法及改进的提纯方法制备了可用于超级铁电池的高铁酸钾 ,其纯度在 94 %以上。紫外可见光谱、热重分析图谱表明 ,高铁酸钾的紫外可见光区的吸收峰在2 2 4、5 0 5nm处 ,在 2 30℃以上开始分解。研究了该物质在碱性条件下的循环伏安图 ,发现高铁酸钾的氧化还原过程是一不可逆过程 ,并计算出在 6mol/L的KOH溶液中 ,其扩散系数为6 0 4× 10 - 3 cm2 /s。     

电合成重铬酸钠用析氧阳极的研究进展

铬盐行业一直是重污染行业,传统的铬盐生产技术是造成严重污染的原因之一。重铬酸钠作为铬盐的母系产品,其生产技术的改进对于整个铬盐行业的清洁化生产尤为重要。在介绍电合成重铬酸钠技术的基础上,重点介绍了该工艺使用的阳极材料的研究进展、存在的问题以及发展前景。     

间接电氧化的进展

:阐述了间接电氧化的进展。阳极间接电氧化 ,重点介绍以Mn3 + /Mn2 + 和Ce4 + /Ce3 + 作电解媒质的研究结果。阴极间接电氧化 ,重点介绍以WO52 -/WO4 2 -和VO(acac) 2 OOH/VO(acac) 2为电解媒质的研究结果。     

羟基氧化镍的电解制备，结构表征和电化学性能研究

NiOOH was prepared by one-step electrolysis of spherical Ni（OH）2 and the effects of electrolysis parameters were examined. The highly pure NiOOH was obtained after electrolysis at a current density of 60mA.g^-1 and 30℃ with anodic potential controlled in the range of 1.73-1.85V （vs. Zn/ZnO） for 360min. The NiOOH samriles were characterized bv X-ray oowder diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） analysis.Resuits indicate that the electrolysis product is spherical NiOOH doped with graphite. Charge and discharge tests show that the prepared NiOOH offers a discharge capacity of over 270mAh·g^-1 at current density of 30mA·g^-1 and can be directly used as cathode material of alkaline Zn/NiOOH batteries. Galvanostatic charge/discharge and cyclic voltammetry （CV） tests reveal good cycling reversibility, of the NiOOH electrode.     

纳米LiMn2O4制备及电化学性能研究

以高能球磨后的MnO2为前躯体,用水热法成功合成了平均粒径为60nm的LiMn2O4纳米微粒。实验结果表明,所合成的纳LiMn2O4在0．2℃倍率放电条件下,首次放电比容量为122mAh／g,样品在经过20次循环后容量下降约为5％左右,表现出较好的电化学性能。     

以弱碱性树脂去除废水中5-氨基-2-氯苯-4-磺酸和盐酸

This research deals with an investigation of the adsorption of two acids, namely, 5-amino- 2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic and chlorhydric acids from their solution onto weakly basic resin. The screening of resins, kinetics, and isotherm were studied. The results indicate that the D301R is more appropriate for the removal of acids from solution. The adsorption of acids obeys Langmuir isotherm and the first-order kinetics model. Sorptive affinity of the two acids on D301R was found to be in the order of 5-amino-2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic acid〉 chlorhydric acid. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of acids were calculated and discussed. The maximum removal of acids was observed around 97% and 76% at 25℃ for 5-amino-2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic acid and chlorhydric acid, respectively.     

铁酸镍负载TiO2的可磁分离光催化剂的制备及性能

A magnetically separable photocatalyst TiO2/SiO2/NiFe2O4 （TSN） with a typical ferromagnetic hysteresis was prepared by a liquid catalytic phase transfer method. When the intensity of applied magnetic field weakened to zero, the remnant magnetism of the prepared photocatalyst faded to zero. The photocatalytst can be separated from water when an external magnetic field is added and redispersed into aqueous solution after the external magnetic field is eliminated, that makes the photocatalysts promising for wastewater treatment. Transmission electron microscope （TEM） and X-ray diffractometer （XRD） were used to characterize the structure of the photocatalyst indicating that the magnetic SiOffNiFe204 （SN） particle was compactly enveloped by P-25 titania and Tit2 shell was formed. The magnetic composite showed high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange in water. A thin SiO2 layer between NiFe2O4 and TiO2 shell prevented effectively the leakage of charges from TiO2 particles to NiFe2O4, which gave rise to the increase in photocatalytic activity. Moreover, the experiment on recycled use of TSN demonstrated a good repeatability of the photocatalytic activity.     

Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Using an Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Based Aptasensor

The global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a threat to public health and a worldwide crisis. This raised the need for quick, effective, and sensitive detection tools to prevent the rapid transmission rate of the infection. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based aptasensor employing an interdigitated gold electrode (IDE) to detect SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) glycoprotein and viral particles. This allowed us to sensitively detect SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.4 pg/mL in a buffer solution and to obtain a linear increase for concentrations between 0.2 to 0.8 pg/mL with high specificity. The proposed aptasensor also showed a good sensitivity towards the heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 variants in a buffer solution, where the Delta, Wuhan, and Alpha variants were captured at a viral titer of 6.45 ± 0.16 × 10³ TCID₅₀/mL, 6.20 × 10⁴ TCID₅₀/mL, and 5.32 ± 0.13 × 10² TCID₅₀/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 performed in a spiked human nasal fluid provided an LOD of 6.45 ± 0.16 × 10³ TCID₅₀/mL for the Delta variant in a 50 µL sample and a detection time of less than 25 min. Atomic force microscopy images complemented the EIS results in this study, revealing that the surface roughness of the IDE after each modification step increased, which indicates that the target was successfully captured. This label-free EIS-based aptasensor has promising potential for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in complex clinical samples.     

CO2压缩与卸压速率对微生物生理的影响

The influence of compression and decompression rates of carbon dioxide on the physiology of Absidia coerulea and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. Besides parameters such as pressure, temperature, exposure time, water content, and initial pH, the influence of either compression or decompression rate on the biological behavior of microorganisms was quite essential. For both microorganisms studied, an optimal rate for either compression or decompression process exists due to the integrated effect of pressure, exposure time as well as compression or decompression speed. The decompression rate has no significant effect on cell‘s viability after 180 min exposure in compressed CO2 because almost all the microorganisms were died before decompression.     

绿色氧化剂K2FeO4对瓜尔胶的降解实验研究

瓜尔胶在油田压裂液中作为稠化剂被广泛使用,作业后的压裂返排液中瓜尔胶难以自然降解,对环境造成严重危害;探索绿色高效处理油田压裂返排液的方法成为研究的热点和难点.本实验以K2FeO4为绿色高效氧化剂,对模拟压裂返排液(质量浓度为0.3‰瓜尔胶溶液)进行了降解实验研究,结果表明,当K2FeO4用量为0.5 g/L,反应温度30 ℃,反应pH值为12.0时,溶液降黏率最大可达89.27%,COD去除率为36.27%,且氧化剂反应为三价铁离子,绿色无污染.     

EIS-assisted performance analysis of non-noble metal electrocatalyst (Fe-N/C)-based PEM fuel cells in the temperature range of 23-80 °C

A carbon-supported non-noble metal catalyst, Fe-N/C, was used as the cathode catalyst to construct membrane electrolyte assemblies (MEAs) for a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. The performance of such a fuel cell was then tested and diagnosed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the temperature range of 23-80 °C. Based on the EIS measurements, individual resistances, such as charger transfer resistance and membrane resistance, were obtained and used to simulate polarization curves (current-voltage (I-V) curves). A close agreement between the simulated I-V curves and the measured curves demonstrates consistency between the polarization and EIS data. The temperature-dependent parameters obtained via EIS, such as apparent exchange current densities and electrolyte membrane conductivities, were also used to acquire activation energies for both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyzed by an Fe-N/C catalyst and the proton transport process across the electrolyte membrane. In addition, the maximum power densities for such a fuel cell were also analyzed.     

纳米Ag·SiO2添加剂对涂料在金黄色葡萄球菌环境中防腐性能的影响

研究了添加不同颜基比(P/B)纳米Ag.SiO2对环氧树脂涂层在金黄色葡萄球菌环境中防腐性能的影响。利用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了涂层在金黄色葡萄球菌溶液中浸泡前的表面形貌,测试了涂层浸泡前后的交流阻抗谱(EIS)。结果表明:添加纳米Ag.SiO2由于增加了涂层多孔性而导致其阻抗不同程度下降,P/B为0.3%时涂层的阻抗降至106Ω.cm2以下,基本失去了保护作用;在金黄色葡萄球菌溶液浸泡过程中纳米Ag.SiO2的杀菌作用开始显现,浸泡后未添加纳米Ag.SiO2涂层的耐蚀性能直线下降,而P/B为0.1%时涂层的耐蚀性能基本保持不变。     

评估混合气在PDMS膜中渗透性能的操作模型

An operational model is developed to evaluate and predict the permeation performance of mixed gas through poly（dimethylsiloxane） （PDMS） membranes by combining the ideal gas permeation model with the experimental analysis of the mixed gas transport character. This model is tested using the binary and ternary mixed gas with various compositions through the PDMS membranes, and the predicted data of the permeation flux and the compositions of the permeated gas are in good agreement with the experimental ones, which indicates that the operational model is applicable for the evaluation of the permeation performance of mixed gas through PDMS membranes.     

LY12铝合金表面硅烷杂化膜的电化学性能研究

以γ-缩水甘油醚基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为前驱体,制备了正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)改性溶胶,并在LY12铝合金表面制得了2种有机硅烷杂化薄膜.对裸铝合金、钝化膜和硅烷杂化膜合金电极进行了动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试,评价了各化学转化膜的防腐蚀性能.结果表明:有机硅烷杂化膜可有效提高铝合金的耐蚀性,其耐蚀效果与传统铝合金表面钝化膜相当,其中GPTMS/TEOS膜的性能更优于钝化膜.