Performances of fuzzy-logic-based indirect vector control for induction motor drive

This paper presents a novel speed control scheme of an induction motor (IM) using fuzzy-logic control. The fuzzy-logic controller (FLC) is based on the indirect vector control. The fuzzy-logic speed controller is employed in the outer loop. The complete vector control scheme of the IM drive incorporating the FLC is experimentally implemented using a digital signal processor board DS-1102 for the laboratory 1-hp squirrel-cage IM. The performances of the proposed FLC-based IM drive are investigated and compared to those obtained from the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller-based drive both theoretically and experimentally at different dynamic operating conditions such as sudden change in command speed, step change in load, etc. The comparative experimental results show that the FLC is more robust and, hence, found to be a suitable replacement of the conventional PI controller for the high-performance industrial drive applications.     

Stability analysis of sensorless speed control of IPMSM

In the speed control of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), for stability reasons, the closed‐loop pole positions should be on the left‐hand side of the S‐plane, and for fast response requirements these poles should have a small time constant. Unfortunately, the motor poles have a very long time constant, which makes the system response very slow. To solve this problem, the zeros of PI controllers are used to compensate the motor poles. As the motor operates, the temperature increases, which changes the parameters of the motor and, accordingly, the motor poles change their position so the PI controller cannot compensate these poles. To solve this problem, many parameter estimation algorithms have been used to detect new parameter values and adapt the PI controller gains so that to compensate the motor poles continually. These parameter estimation algorithms complicate and add cost to the system. This paper demonstrates that, for a temperature up to 70 °C, the system is capable of giving fast response and stable operation by using a good design of the PI controller regardless of the parameter changes.     

电动汽车PMSM MTPA控制系统滑模速度控制

为了提高电动汽车电机驱动系统对参数摄动和负载扰动的鲁棒性,同时削弱滑模变结构控制( SMVSC)固有的抖振,将一种改进的滑模控制策略应用于永磁同步电机(PMSM)最大转矩电流比(MTPA)控制调速系统中.采用最大转矩电流比控制方法分配定子直轴、交轴电流,将他们与转矩的关系分别拟合为低阶多项式,提高了该方法的工程实用性;...     

MTPA控制下逆变器-IPMSM系统直流侧电压稳定性研究

在电机闭环控制系统中,由于转矩的快速跟随,可将逆变器-电机负载当做恒功率负载。恒功率负载的负阻抗特性使得牵引传动系统阻尼较小,从而引发直流侧电压和电流的振荡。通过深入分析牵引变流器模型、内置式永磁同步电机数学模型以及控制系统的数学模型,从机理上阐述了恒功率负载引发的牵引传动系统直流侧振荡产生的原因;进而通过小信号分析法,推导了最大转矩电流比控制下,逆变器-内置式永磁同步电机系统的导纳模型。在该导纳模型的基础上,通过频域下的伯德图以及奈奎斯特稳定性判据,分析了直流侧LC参数、电机电感参数、定子电阻参数以及功率对系统稳定性的影响,发现了各参数对稳定性的影响规律以及电机运行过程中的稳定性变化过程。基于该文的理论分析,实现了一种主动阻尼补偿方式,并通过仿真和实验验证了该补偿方式能有效增大系统阻尼,提升系统的稳定性。     

基于虚拟信号和高频脉振信号注入的无位置传感器内置式永磁同步电机MTPA控制

为了降低传统内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)低速无位置传感器控制系统中的铜耗,该文提出一种基于虚拟信号和高频脉振信号注入的最大转矩电流比(MTPA)无位置控制技术,以提高电机的转矩输出能力和系统效率.为避免两种控制算法相互干扰,与传统虚拟信号注入MTPA控制策略不同,该文提出的方法在估计的dq轴上注入直流信号,通过功率计算来跟踪MTPA工作点.该MTPA策略不会引起额外的损耗且不依赖于电机参数.与此同时,由于注入信号为直流信号,无位置传感器控制精度并不会受到影响.实验结果表明,所提方法在不同负载转矩、不同转速等工况下,能够在准确追踪MTPA工作点的同时准确地在线估计转子位置.     

Performance of current controllers for VSI-fed IPMSM drive

The current-controlled voltage-source-inverter-fed interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) has received widespread interest in high-precision industrial drive applications. This paper presents a detailed comparison of various current controller schemes, particularly hysteresis and ramp comparator controllers for the IPMSM drive based on performance at different speeds. The hysteresis and the ramp comparator controllers are getting more attention due to their simplicity and high dynamic responses. In this paper, fixed, sinusoidal, and mixed-band hysteresis current controllers, as well as conventional ramp and improved ramp comparator controllers, are considered. The harmonic spectra of the motor line currents for various current controllers are obtained using a fast Fourier transform for comparison purposes. The comparison is based on experimental results. In order to compare the performance of various controllers, the complete drive system is implemented in real time using the digital signal processor controller board DS-1102.     

考虑磁路饱和的IPMSM电感辨识算法及变参数MTPA控制策略

内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)d、q轴电感会随着磁路饱和程度的不同而发生改变,这会降低最大转矩电流比(MTPA)控制的有效性。考虑到定子电流引起的磁路饱和及交叉饱和效应的影响,提出了相应的d、q轴电感辨识算法和变参数MTPA控制策略。采用基于旋转高频电压注入的d、q轴电感辨识算法可在其他电机参数未知的前提下得到不同负载条件下的d、q轴电感;变参数MTPA控制策略能够充分利用标幺值化处理的优势,在转矩-最优电流控制表不变的基础上,只需根据实际d、q轴电感更新电流基值和转矩基值便可克服电感变化带来的不利影响,并实现一定转矩条件下的最佳MTPA控制。最后在电机控制实验平台上通过实验对提出的电感辨识算法和变参数MTPA控制策略的可行性和有效性进行了验证。     

高功率因数无电解电容IPMSM驱动系统电流跟踪控制策略

针对传统无电解电容永磁同步电机驱动系统中功率环引起的控制器参数整定困难、系统稳定性低等问题,提出一种无需功率环直接计算电机电流指令以实现网侧高功率因数的方法:基于系统方程的收敛性分析,将系统方程离散化处理后在线计算电机q轴最优电流指令轨迹.针对采用PI控制器跟踪q轴周期电流指令存在跟踪误差的问题,提出一种电流指令补偿方法:通过分析电流环传递函数,计算出实际电流与电流指令间幅值与相位的误差,并利用误差数值对电流指令进行补偿.对控制策略进行仿真与实验验证,结果表明:电流指令补偿策略有效提高了PI控制器对周期最优电流指令的跟踪效果,最优电流指令控制策略在实现了网侧高功率因数运行的情况下简化了控制系统并提高了系统稳定性.     

Position and speed sensorless control for IPMSM based on estimation of position error

In most variable‐speed drives of PMSM, some type of shaft sensor such as an optical encoder or resolver is connected to the rotor shaft. However, such sensor presents several disadvantages such as drive cost, machine size, reliability, and noise immunity. Therefore, the sensorless control of PMSM is desired and various sensorless control strategies have been investigated. This paper presents a novel sensorless control strategy for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). A new model of IPMSM using an extended electromotive force (EMF) in the rotating reference frame is utilized in order to estimate both position and speed. The extended EMF is estimated by the least‐order observer, and the estimation position error is directly obtained. The proposed scheme corrects the estimated position and speed so that the estimation position error becomes zero. The proposed system is very simple and the design of the controller is easy. Several drive tests are carried out and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless control system. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 144(2): 43–52, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www. interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10180     

Speed sensorless torque control of an IPMSM drive with online stator resistance estimation using reduced order EKF

Speed sensorless control of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) based on direct torque control (DTC) is proposed in this paper. The rotor speed and position of the IPMSM are estimated based on an active flux concept, where, the active flux vector position is identical to the rotor position. The proposed algorithm does not require neither high frequency injection signal nor complicated schemes even at vary low speed operation. Torque/ flux sliding mode controller (SMC) combined with space vector modulation is proposed to improve the performance of the classical DTC. Stator resistance value is required for a stator flux and electromagnetic torque estimation. Its variation due to temperature or frequency degrades the scheme performance, especially, at low speed operation. To overcome this problem, a reduced order extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed to update online the stator resistance. The advantages of the direct torque control, sliding mode controller, and speed sensorless control are incorporated in the proposed scheme. Simulation works are carried out to show the ability of the proposed scheme at different operating conditions. The results demonstrate the activity of the scheme at wide range speed operation with load disturbance and parameters variation.     

永磁同步电机滑模调速控制及其实现

永磁同步电机（PMSM）的模型是一个多变量,非线性,强耦合的系统,而滑模变结构控制（SMC）具有快速响应,对参数变化及扰动不灵敏,算法简单,易于工程实现等优点,这为复杂工业控制问题提供了一种很好的解决途径。本文中的PMSM调速系统,以TMS320F2812为主控芯片,利用指数趋近律法下的滑模变结构控制器进行控制,给出了滑模控制器的位置式和增量式表达式。并将推导出的算法以增量式的形式编写进程序,作为调速系统的软件。最后通过MATLAB仿真和具体实验证明了该系统具有动态响应速度快,电磁转矩脉动小,稳定等众多优点,使系统具有更好的鲁棒性。     

永磁同步电机矢量控制系统MTPA控制实现

分析了永磁同步电机矢量控制系统最大转矩电流比控制,并给出了一台15kW内置式永磁同步电机矢量控制系统分别在id=0控制和最大转矩电流比控制下的实验结果.实验结果表明,相比较于id=0控制,最大转矩电流比控制可减小定子电流,从而减小电机和逆变器损耗.     

Adaptive-backstepping-based design of a nonlinear position controller for an IPMSM servo drive

This paper presents the design of a novel nonlinear position controller for an interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) servo drive. The motor model equations provide the basis for the proposed controller, which is designed with the adaptive backstepping technique. Various system uncertainties, particularly mechanical-parameter uncertainties, are incorporated in the design of the controller. Using Lyapunov's stability theory, it is verified that the control variables are asymptotically stable. The complete drive system is then simulated with MATLAB/Simulink software. Performance of the proposed adaptive-backstepping-based nonlinear position controller (ABNPC) is investigated under different dynamic operating conditions such as step changes in command positions, step changes in load, and parameter variations. The results indicate that the proposed ABNPC-based IPMSM drive could be a candidate for real-time industrial servo motor drive applications.     

一种新型电动车用宽调速永磁电机驱动系统

介绍了一种新型电动车用永磁电机宽调速驱动系统。在采用新型电机结构的基础上．基于标量算法的快速电流追踪控制满足了高性能的调速要求。在高速下．利用变压器电势来削弱电机旋转电势。从而实现了高于基速的恒功率运行．扩展了电机的调速范围。     

10kW高速永磁同步电主轴驱动控制系统设计

介绍了一种10k W高速永磁同步电主轴驱动控制系统。系统采用背靠背双向PWM拓扑结构,DSP+CPLD为核心控制单元,通过无位置传感器检测技术和矢量控制算法驱动控制高速主轴电机,具有良好的动静态速度调节性能。系统包括主电路、控制单元、采样电路、驱动电路、监控和接口电路、保护电路等。详细介绍了硬件设计的思路和技术参数,制作了试验样机,并搭建了高速试验台,对样机进行了试验验证,试验结果证明了本系统良好的动静态性能。     

基于转速动态估计器的无速度传感器感应电机矢量控制系统研究

介绍了一种直接转子磁场定向无速度传感器的感应电机矢量控制系统。该系统使用定转子自适应磁通观测器和转速动态估计器来估算转子磁通和转速 ,有三个PI控制器分别控制转速、转矩和磁通的电流分量 ,输出电压空间矢量控制电机。仿真结果表明 ,该系统具有较好观测精度和鲁棒性 ,动态和稳态性能也较好     

Adjustable speed drive for residential applications

This paper describes a demonstration of an adjustable speed drive suitable for use in residential applications such as compressors and fans in heat pumps, air conditioners, and refrigerators. The adjustable speed drive uses only a four-diode rectifier and a six-transistor six-diode inverter and does not require a source-frequency filter inductor or capacitor. Motor speed is adjusted with source-frequency phase control eliminating the switching loss and electromagnetic interference caused by the more commonly used high-frequency pulse-width modulation. Low source-current distortion and high power factor are obtained at a full-load operating point which is found using a parametric analysis     

A novel magnet polarity identification method for initial position estimation for sensorless IPMSM drive

This paper proposes a novel magnet polarity identification method for initial position estimation during startup for interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) drives. The rotor's initial position estimation is based on magnetic saliency and employs high‐frequency (HF) components of the voltage and current that are excited by the multi space‐vector pulse‐width modulation (MSVPWM) pattern. However, there is a common trouble in the estimation methods based on the magnetic saliency: it is necessary to identify the magnet polarity in order to distinguish the north and south poles since the estimated position angle is a periodic function with π radians. In this paper, a novel inductance estimation method is presented and the magnet polarity is uniquely identified by the relationship between the estimated inductance and the magnetic saturation effect. Experimental results confirm the advantages of the proposed method: it is reliable, accurate, and convenient, and can be done in real time. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

6RA70全数字直流调速装置在高炉传动系统中的应用

简要介绍了酒钢2#高炉上料、布料、探尺等系统中西门子6RA70全数字直流调速装置的应用特点、主要控制原理及关键参数的调整结果     

异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统中扩展卡尔曼滤波器的优化研究

利用扩展卡尔曼滤波器,将转速看成一个状态量,根据定子的电流和电压值估算转速.通过仿真对滤波器初值的选取进行了研究,得到优化的卡尔曼滤波器,试验结果表明,速度估算的准确性高,系统对于电机参数的变化不敏感,具有较强的鲁棒性.