聚丙烯/高密度聚乙烯混炼对竹木塑复合材料性能的影响

用聚丙烯(PP)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)共混制备竹木塑复合材料,研究其对复合材料力学性能和微观结构的影响,同时对比竹粉与木粉对材料性能的影响.结果表明:竹塑复合材料的拉伸强度较高;加入一定量的高密度聚乙烯可以提高聚丙烯/竹粉复合材料的冲击和弯曲强度;竹粉与塑料的相容性比木粉好,木塑复合材料的主要破坏形式是木粉与塑料的...     

改性芦苇纤维/PE复合材料性能研究

以未处理芦苇纤维及通过硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂处理芦苇纤维作为增强体,以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)共混物作为基体,制备了芦苇纤维/聚乙烯(PE)复合材料。探讨了不同偶联剂处理芦苇纤维对复合材料力学、加工性能以及微观结构的影响。结果表明:当HDPE和LDPE的共混质量比为30∶70、芦苇用量为30份时,所得复合材料的综合性能较好;采用硅烷偶联剂处理芦苇纤维/PE复合材料较未经处理复合材料的冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别提高了29.3%,33.1%及31.5%,吸水率下降了47.5%,加工流动性有所提高,同时对热性能无不良影响。     

竹塑复合材料力学性能研究

将竹粉与聚乙烯(PE)及其他助剂按一定比例,通过熔融共混挤出等方法制备了竹塑复合材料。对PE/竹粉复合材料的力学性能进行了测试。结果表明:随着竹粉用量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度逐渐增强但,冲击强度下降。研究了不同温度下复合材料的性能,并对其相关机理进行了初步探讨。     

不同种类木纤维对PE基微孔发泡木塑复合材料的性能影响

采用挤出、注塑成型工艺制备PE基木纤维/塑料微孔发泡复合材料.从不同木纤维的种类对PE基木纤维/塑料微孔发泡复合材料的密度、冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸强度进行研究.实验结果表明:以木粉为填料所制得的木塑微孔发泡复合材料密度最佳;竹粉和秸秆粉的冲击强度都优于木粉,且竹粉所制得的复合材料具有最佳的力学性能.     

增容剂对竹粉/HDPE复合材料力学性能及流变性能的影响

分别以马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(MAPE)、马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯-辛烯共聚物(MAPOE)和乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)为相容剂,通过熔融共混方法制备高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/竹粉复合材料。采用万能材料试验机、维卡软化点测量仪和旋转流变仪对该共混物力学性能和流变性能进行详细研究。结果表明,MAPE对竹粉/HDPE复合材料具有很好的增容效果:加入10%MAPE时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到33.3 MPa,提高了50.8%;弯曲强度为46.3MPa,提高了20.0%;缺口冲击强度达到10.22 kJ/m2,提高了95.0%,同时吸水率也得到改善,从0.71%下降至0.62%。流变实验结果表明,MAPE和EAA增容竹粉/HDPE复合材料的黏度较低,而MAPOE体系黏度较高,加工性能变差。     

纤维增强PA6/HDPE复合材料的性能

制备不同配比的碳纤维(CF)、玻璃纤维(GF)增强PA6/HDPE复合材料.对其摩擦磨损性能和力学性能进行测试,用显微镜对复合材料拉伸断面进行观察.结果表明:碳纤和玻纤对PA6/HDPE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能和力学性能均有一定的改善作用,其中碳纤质量含量为3％时对PA6/HDPE复合材料力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的改善效果较好,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度及冲击强度比未加纤维的PA6/HDPE分别提高了21.6％、38.8％和40.5％;其100 N和200 N载荷下的磨损量分别为未加纤维的PA6/HDPE的71.5％和75.6％.     

POE/HDPE/PP三元复合材料的形貌和力学性能研究

用熔融共混法制备了高密度聚乙烯/聚丙烯(HDPE/PP)和乙烯-辛烯弹性体/高密度聚乙烯/聚丙烯(POE/HDPE/PP)复合材料。通过冲击、弯曲和拉伸测试研究了复合材料的力学性能,采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了材料的形貌。结果表明,由于HDPE和PP的相容性有限,限制了HDPE对PP综合力学性能的提高;通过添加POE,能改善HDPE/PP共混物的相容性,使HDPE/PP复合材料在保持较高弯曲和拉伸性能的前提下,抗冲击性能获得明显提高。当HDPE/PP的含量比为12/88和POE含量为8wt%时,POE/HDPE/PP三元复合材料的综合力学性能较好。     

改性纳米陶土对竹粉/高密度聚乙烯复合材料性能的影响

采用三聚氰胺对纳米陶土进行表面改性,研究了改性纳米陶土对竹粉/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料综合性能的影响。结果表明:三聚氰胺能促进纳米陶土在HDPE基体中均匀分散,改善其界面相容性;当改性纳米陶土用量小于15份时,随其用量增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度和弯曲性能显著提高,耐水性也得到改善。     

碳化硅对聚氯乙烯/竹粉复合材料性能影响

为比较碳化硅(SiC)含量对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/竹粉木塑复合材料性能的影响,以竹粉为木质纤维,PVC为基体材料,用挤出成型方法制备了不同含量SiC的PVC/竹粉复合材料,对其力学性能、摩擦磨损性能及蠕变性能测试分析。结果表明：当SiC质量分数为3%时,PVC/SiC/竹粉复合材料拉伸强度和冲击强度性能较好,较未添加SiC的PVC/竹粉复合材料分别高出29.0%,4.2%;SiC质量分数为3%时,摩擦系数、磨损失重率最小分别为0.428 5,0.151%;添加1.5%SiC的PVC/竹粉复合材料弯曲强度最高,为36.6 MPa。蠕变应力值为3.552 8 MPa时,SiC含量对PVC/竹粉木塑复合材料应变影响相近,其中,PVC/竹粉/1.5%SiC复合材料应变值最小;应力值为7.105 6 MPa、10.658 4 MPa时,PVC/竹粉/3.0%SiC复合材料应变值最小。     

HDPE/竹纤维建筑模板材料的性能研究

为了充分探究高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/竹纤维复合材料用作建筑模板的性能,从复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击韧性和弯曲强度三方面的力学性能进行试验研究。结果表明,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度均随着竹粉含量的增加呈减小趋势,而冲击韧性则随着竹粉含量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,且在竹粉含量为60%时,复合材料的冲击韧性最好。对于不同品类竹粉,当竹粉含量相同时,掺有越南黄竹竹粉的复合材料拉伸强度更高,掺有中国毛竹竹粉的复合材料冲击韧性更优,而两类的弯曲强度相近。     

纳米SiO2/竹纤维/环氧树脂复合材料性能研究

将竹纤维加入到环氧树脂中以形成增强环氧复合材料,研究了竹纤维竹粉和纳米二氧化硅（SiO2）对环氧树脂的力学性能和耐溶剂浸蚀性能的影响。竹纤维含量为15%时,竹纤维/环氧树脂的冲击强度比纯环氧树脂提高50%。纳米SiO2能同时增强和增韧竹纤维/环氧树脂,并提高其耐溶剂浸蚀性能,纳米SiO2含量为4%时,纳米SiO2/竹纤维/环氧树脂三元复合材料的冲击和拉伸强度分别比未添加纳米SiO2的竹纤维/环氧树脂提高40%和30%。当纳米SiO2/竹纤维/环氧树脂的质量比为4/15/85时,三元复合材料的综合性能较好。     

Effect on Mechanical Performance of UHMWPE/HDPE-Blend Reinforced with Kenaf,Basalt and Hybrid Kenaf/Basalt Fiber

The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of UHMWPE/HDPE-reinforced kenaf, basalt and hybrid kenaf/basalt composites. Mechanical testing of these samples was carried out such as tensile, flexural (three-point bending) and an impact test (Charpy). Pure resin (UHMWPE/HDPE) samples were tested and compare with reinforced 10% weight fraction of kenaf, basalt and hybrid kenaf/basalt samples to identifying their contribution and potential in this new composite material. UHMWPE/ HDPE sample was produced in constant ratio 60:40 respectively via extrusion process. Basalt reinforced UHMWPE/HDPE generates the highest elastic modulus result compared to kenaf and hybrid kenaf/basalt as a reinforcement material. The tensile results of kenaf reinforcement UHMWPE/HDPE samples are significantly higher (20%) than pure blend resin, which is an indication for good performance of kenaf, basalt and hybrid kenaf/basalt to be used in UHMWPE/HDPE-blend polymers. The flexural and Charpy strengths show the drawback results, where performance of polymer is reduced 5% with the absence of kenaf. It can be concluded that kenaf, basalt and hybrid kenaf/basalt fiber successfully increase the UHMWPE/HDPE blends performance especially under tensile loading.     

Mechanical Characterization of Basalt/HDPE Composite under In-Vitro Condition

The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanical behaviour of basalt/HDPE composite under in-vitro condition. Basalt fiber has been performed as an alternative reinforcement material to reduce the domination of the synthetic fibers such as carbon and E-glass fiber in the medical application. Mechanical testing such as tensile, flexural and impact were performed to determine this composite performance before in-vitro testing conducted. Comparisons have been done towards carbon and E-glass using HDPE as a resin. In-vitro testing of basalt/HDPE was conducted in duration 4 weeks. The results shows the basalt/HDPE has a higher mechanical properties compared to E-glass/HDPE and lower compared to carbon/HDPE. Results of tensile and flexural after in-vitro testing are slightly reduced in 5% by week. Charpy impact test of Basalt/HDPE was performed and also experience a reduction in 7% of strength value. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is used to analyze the surface and texture morphology before and after in-vitro testing. No bio-activity or significant changes have been identified at the Basalt/HDPE composite based on the SEM data. It can be concluded that the basalt/HDPE was combined well as a composite material under in-vitro condition as well can be introduce in medical application.     

激光改性玄武岩纤维性能研究

采用高能激光束对玄武岩纤维进行表面改性,并制备玄武岩纤维/环氧树脂复合材料。利用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、X射线衍射等手段,表征改性前后玄武岩纤维的微观形态、物相结构,系统研究了激光对纤维的微观组织变化、性能等影响规律,并测试了玄武岩纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能。研究结果表明,随着激光功率的增加,玄武岩纤维表面缺陷深度和缺陷面积增加。当激光功率由0 W提高至120 W时,表面缺陷最大深度由9 nm增加至180 nm,表面缺陷的分布范围由3.5~6.5 nm增加至90~120 nm,表面粗糙度由1.41 nm增加至24.70 nm。激光改性后,玄武岩纤维单丝拉伸性能降低,由于激光对纤维的辐射作用,玄武岩纤维的表面缺陷深度与拉伸强度的关系不符合经典理论。激光改性前后,玄武岩纤维XRD谱峰位基本一致,表面所含元素的种类没有发生变化。激光改性使玄武岩纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能有所改善,随着激光功率的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度呈先升高后降低的趋势。     

玄武岩纤维增强聚乳酸力学性能及耐老化性能

通过拉伸实验和老化实验，研究了玄武岩纤维含量对BF/PLA拉伸性能、抗冲击性能及耐老化性能的影响规律，通过DSC实验得到BF/PLA复合材料的结晶度，分析其耐老化原因。随着质量分数增加，其拉伸强度增加可达到141 MPa，弹性模量达到5 GPa，达到峰值后又减小。质量分数达到30%时，缺口冲击强度和非缺口冲击强度分别达到6.7 kJ/m²和20.76 kJ/m²。DSC实验结果表明，随着玄武岩纤维含量的增加，聚乳酸复合材料的结晶度由34.6%增加到54.6%，而结晶度的增加可以减缓聚乳酸的降解速度。当质量分数达到60%时，老化实验后的弹性模量可以保持降解前的77%，延缓降解速度较为明显。经分析，拉伸强度与玄武岩纤维质量分数呈二次多项式关系，而弹性模量与玄武岩纤维质量分数之间呈线性关系。这种函数关系不受材料力学性能下降的影响。     

竹粉目数对竹塑复合材料性能的影响

采用不同目数的竹粉制备竹塑复合材料,研究其对于复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:140目竹粉制备竹粉/聚丙烯复合材料具有最高的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和流动速率;随着竹粉目数的变大,材料的弯曲和冲击强度逐渐降低;竹粉目数对于材料硬度没有明显的影响。     

Effects of rice straw fiber morphology and content on the mechanical and thermal properties of rice straw fiber‐high density polyethylene composites

Rice straw fiber‐high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were prepared to investigate the effects of rice straw fiber morphology (rice straw refined fiber, rice straw pellet, rice straw strand), fiber content (20 and 40 wt %), and maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) concentration (5 wt %) on the mechanical and thermal properties of the rice straw fiber‐HDPE composites in this study. Rice straw refined fiber exhibited more variability in length and width, and have a higher aspect ratio of 16.3. Compared to the composites filled of rice straw pellet, the composites made of the refined fiber and strand had a slightly higher tensile strength and lower tensile elongation at break. The tensile and flexural strength of the composites increased slightly with increasing rice straw fiber content up to 40 wt %, while the tensile elongation at break decreased. With addition MAPE, the composites filled with 20 wt % rice straw fiber showed an increase in tensile, flexural and impact strength and a decrease in tensile elongation at break. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the fiber addition and morphology had no appreciable effect on the crystallization temperature of the composites but decreased the crystallinity. The scanning electron microscopy observation on the fracture surface of the composites indicated that introduction of MAPE to the system resulted in promotion in fiber dispersion, and an increase in interfacial bonding strength. Fiber breakage occurred significantly in the composites filled with refined fiber and strand after extruding and injection processing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

MAH原位接枝HDPE及其对HDPE/N-PCB复合材料力学性能的影响

将马来酸酐(MAH)、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、苯乙烯(St)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和废印刷电路板非金属粉末(N-PCB)直接反应挤出,制备了HDPE/N-PCB复合材料,并研究了MAH用量对HDPE/N-PCB复合材料力学性能影响。对HDPE/N-PCB复合材料抽提残留物的红外分析结果表明,在HDPE/N-PCB复合材料中加入DCP、St、MAH之后,通过DCP引发HDPE原位接枝MAH,并随即与N-PCB粉末表面的羟基反应而起到了桥联作用,可改善HDPE基体与N-PCB粉末两相的界面作用。MAH反应增容后的HDPE/N-PCB复合材料与增容前相比,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度及断裂伸长率的最大增幅分别为36%、12%、208%和262%。     

Effects of PBO fiber and clay on the mechanical,morphological, and dynamic mechanical properties of NR/HDPE blends

Poly(p‐phenylene‐2,6‐benzobisoksazole) (PBO) and natural rubber (NR)/high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were melt‐blended in a Haake internal mixer. The tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength increased with fiber loading and optimized at 20%. Incorporation of clay into the NR/HDPE/PBO composites resulted in an improvement of tensile strength for NR/HDPE/PBO composites compared to the systems without clay. However, addition of clay was only effective at low contents (5–7.5%). Additional improvement of tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength of the hybrid composite was observed on addition of liquid natural rubber (LNR). Scanning electron micrographs of the samples had indicated that the presence of clay decreased the domain size of the dispersed phase. Results on dynamic response showed that incorporation of clay and LNR into the composites had increased the storage modulus and reduced the tan δ. The shift of glass transition temperature (T_g) to higher values for composites also indicated good interaction between the fiber and the matrix. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.