Performance Analysis of Multiuser Detectors for Uplink Quasi-synchronous MC-CDMA Systems

This paper analyses and compares the average bit error rate (BER) of different multiuser detectors (MUD) in the uplink of a multicarrier code- division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system. In particular, maximum likelihood, zero-forcing, minimum mean-square error and interference cancellation-based multiuser detectors have been analysed for the special case of uncorrelated subcarriers. The derived BER expressions are based upon previous results on diversity combining and also on recent findings on multiple input multiple output (MIMO) architectures. The subcarrier correlation is considered in the context of physical parameters currently under discussion for future wireless systems to give an indication up to what extent the assumption of uncorrelated subcarrier fading is plausible.     

Multiuser adaptive transmission technique for time-varying frequency-selective fading channels

This paper proposes an efficient multiuser adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme that considers inevitable feedback delay by employing short-term and long-term channel state information (CSI) in time-varying frequency-selective fading channels. By taking the statistic of the true signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a given predicted SNR value into account, the required transmit power to meet the target packet-error-rate (PER) can be obtained and used for user selection, power allocation, and modulation and coding set (MCS) selection. In addition, a simple and useful approximation method of obtaining the required transmit power is proposed. The performance of the proposed scheme is shown to be much better than that of conventional schemes without considering the feedback delay or the prediction error. The proposed scheme can also reduce the feedback resource while maintaining the system throughput by allocating different feedback resources to different users according to their prediction error variances.     

STBC MC-DS-CDMA系统基于子空间信道盲估计的多用户检测

该文提出了一种空时分组码(STBC)多载波(MC)DS-CDMA(STBC MC-DS-CDMA)系统结构,并通过在STBC MC-DS-CDMA下构造的统一的信号模型,实现了系统上行链路基于子空间的信道盲估计,仿真结果表明了方法行之有效。基于信道估计的结果进一步实现了系统最小均方差(MMSE)多用户检测,使系统的BER性能得到很大提高。     

不完全信道状态信息条件下多用户Turbo-BLAST迭代检测算法

该文将空时多用户检测技术和Turbo-BLAST方案相结合,构造了基于CDMA技术的多用户Turbo- BLAST系统模型,提出了不完全信道状态信息条件下的解相关算法和迭代检测算法。在发送端将V-BLAST结构与CDMA技术相结合实现多路复用,在接收端利用空时多用户检测算法去除用户间干扰,得到期望用户的接收信号,然后采用考虑信道估计误差的软干扰抵消迭代检测算法,对期望用户的接收信号进行检测以去除天线间干扰。仿真结果说明,所提算法对于多用户Turbo-BLAST系统是有效的,可在不增加复杂度的条件下达到良好的迭代效果。     

基于上下行对偶性的多用户MIMO下行链路鲁棒收发机设计

针对多用户多天线(MIMO)下行链路信道状态信息(CSI)非理想的条件,该文研究SINR平衡问题及功率最小化问题的收发机设计。在信道误差受限情况下,该文建立worst-case SINR上下行链路对偶性,并基于该对偶性,为两种鲁棒收发机提出新的设计策略。该策略避免了凸优化内点迭代算法,从而大大降低复杂度。仿真结果显示,所提算法与现有的凸优化算法性能一致。     

多用户MIMO系统TH预编码

传统TH预编码方案将所有的均衡工作放在发射端完成,没有充分发挥MIMO技术的优势。该文提出一种针对移动端多天线的TH预编码方案,用户之间的干扰消除由发射端完成,而用户之间多个流之间的干扰消除由各个用户自行完成。通过对信道矩阵进行块下三角分解并按速率最大准则进行功率注水,所提方案比传统单天线TH预编码方案有更高的速率。     

A New Algorithm for Optimum Multiuser Detection in Synchronous CDMA Systems

Optimum multiuser detection for Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems requires the solution of an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. It is well known that the computational complexity of the optimum multiuser detector is exponential with the number of active users in the system. In order to reduce the complexity of the optimum multiuser detection, we propose a Reduced Complexity Maximum Likelihood (RCML) algorithm that includes a set of novel certain boundary rules and characteristics. We investigate the performance and complexity tradeoffs for the RCML algorithm by conducting a set of simulations; Maximum Likelihood (ML) detection as a reference for performance comparisons, and relaxation based Semidefinite Programming (SDPB) algorithm as a reference for complexity comparisons. We show that the RCML algorithm is a promising algorithm for its computational savings over relaxation based algorithms in lightly-to-moderately loaded CDMA systems, and for its optimality in highly loaded CDMA systems.     

FH／MFSK多址系统中一种多用户检测算法

该文在对快跳频多址系统中同频干扰图案分析的基础上,提出了一种利用理想功控的条件进行同频干扰消除的多用户检测算法。这一算法是在时频矩阵上通过工作频点能量级的检测、分类,逐级判断重构干扰图案的基础上完成同频干扰的抵消。从理论分析与数值仿真两方面对这一算法进行了研究。结果表明,与已有的多址干扰消除算法相比,所提出的多用户检测算法不仅计算复杂度较低,算法的收敛性较好,而且适用于高斯信道与多经衰落信道。     

A Non-Linear Multiuser Detector for UMTS

The family of international standards for mobile communications IMT-2000 includes amongst others the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) proposal, which consists of two modes: Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD). Both are wideband CDMA systems. CDMA systems are Multiple Access Interference (MAI) limited. Conventional detectors like the RAKE receiver do not decrease the MAI, this leads to a limited Bit Error Rate (BER) performance. For further improvement of system capacity Multiuser Detectors (MUD) should be applied. In this paper a non-linear approach employing Radial Basis Functions (RBF) is shown. The adaption of this algorithm to UTRA, its complexity and the BER-performance is discussed.     

宽带CDMA系统中线性空时多用户接收机结构与性能分析

给出了一种新的线性空时多用户接收机的一般表达形式。对这种表达形式的分析表明，线性空时多用户接收机可以分解为4个级联部分，即匹配滤波、空域合并、多径合并和多用户检测器，并且前3个部分的运算仍是以单用户接收为基础的。仿真结果表明，这种结构分解可以有效降低线性空时多用户接收机的计算复杂度，加快自适应接收机的收敛速度，更利于实际系统应用。     

Performance Comparison of Multiuser Detectors with Channel Estimation for Flat Rayleigh Fading CDMA Channels

Since the conventional detector performs poorly in bandwidth-efficient Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, several multiuser detectors were proposed recently. In this paper, we compare performance of the decorrelator, the two-stage detector (2S), and the decision-feedback detector (DF) for the Rayleigh flat fading synchronous CDMA channel. First, assuming perfect channel estimation, we show that the 2S and the DF have much lower bit error rate (BER) than the decorrelator, and prove that the ideal DF has unity Asymptotic Multiuser Efficiency (AME). Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of these detectors in the presence of channel mismatch. We model the Rayleigh flat fading channel as the second order Auto Regressive (AR) process, and use the Kalman filter as the channel estimator. The lower bounds on the BER of the 2S and the DF are derived. The analytical results and the simulations show that the estimation error accumulated due to cancellation of other users limits the performance of the 2S and the DF. Therefore, in the presence of channel mismatch, the decorrelator offers comparable or even better performance than more complex decision-feedback and two-stage detectors.     

基于串行策略的SCMA多用户检测算法

稀疏码多址接入(SCMA)作为一个前景广阔的5 G无线空口技术,能够满足海量连接的需求。针对现有SCMA通信系统都是基于并行策略的消息传递算法(MPA)进行多用户检测,存在信息收敛速度不理想的问题,该文提出一种串行策略的多用户检测算法。该算法以资源节点为序,按串行方式依次进行消息更新与传递,保证更新的消息能够立即进入当前迭代过程,改善了消息传递的收敛速度,相比并行策略的多用户检测算法,降低了算法复杂度;同时,充分利用消息间相互关联的特点,融合消息传递步骤,降低了存储器的要求。理论与仿真结果表明,该算法在误比特率(BER)性能与算法复杂度之间可以达到较理想的平衡。     

差分空时编码CDMA系统的多用户接收机设计

利用码分多址和互满正交设计,该文针对多天线系统提出了非相干空时传输方案。它可支持满分集通信,并能有效抑制多用户干扰。基于平坦Rayleigh衰落信道,给出了差分解相关接收机,它不仅隔离了不同用户的检测,而且使不同数据符号的译码彼此独立。     

空分复用多输入多输出系统中的分组多用户分集

该文针对基于空分复用的多用户多输入多输出系统下行链路,研究了空间衰落相关和信道估计误差对系统容量的影响,提出了两种新的分组多用户分集方案。所提出的方案通过合理选择共道用户,能有效提升系统容量,同时兼顾公平性。分析和仿真结果表明,所提出的方案对衰落相关性以及信道估计误差具有较好的稳健性;其中,第2种方案与第1种相比较,容量性能更优,但具有较高的计算复杂度。     

基于信道反馈的MIMO-OFDM系统多用户分集研究

利用包含信道质量的反馈信息,多用户分集能显著提高无线通信系统的性能。然而,在多载波多天线(MIMO-OFDM)的架构下, 反馈所有用户的所有信道质量信息(CQI)将占据大量的无线资源,从而降低了频谱效率,因此各种有限信道反馈算法被提出来减少系统的反馈开销。该文主要研究了基于两种典型的有限信道反馈的多用户分集增益,并与理想反馈进行了对比。系统平均频谱效率数学表达式的推导考虑了可选调制方式有限的特性,更符合实际。仿真用于评估各种反馈算法下的多用户分集性能,其结果与理论分析相当匹配。并且只要恰当地选取反馈参数,有限信道反馈算法可以在不损失多用户分集增益的前提下,极大的降低反馈开销,这为设计实际系统的信道反馈提供了参考。     

Multiuser detection and diversity reception for asynchronous CDMA mobile communication

In CDMA mobile communication systems, multiple access interference can be canceled by multiuser detection technique. The Degradation by channel fading can be reduced by diversity reception. This paper investigates a family of multiuser receivers that combined decor-relating detection, antenna diversity and RAKE multipath diversity. The performance of the multiuser receivers is analyzed. The results demonstrate a significant increase in the performance of the receivers by using multiuser detection and diversity reception.     

高阶调制的GLST系统中的检测算法

多天线无线通信系统的下行链路常采用GLST (Group Layered Space-Time architecture) 来增加接收分集度。该文基于GLST系统的等效多输入多输出模型,分析了该系统在符号传输上的正交性,并针对该系统在使用高阶调制时,传统的符号检测算法因计算复杂度太高而不可用的问题,提出了两种基于球形译码的低复杂度检测算法。仿真结果表明,两种算法均能获得逼近最大似然检测器的性能。     

一种满速率空时分组编码CDMA系统及多用户接收方案

通过引入满速率空时分组码方案, 该文给出一种满速率空时分组编码CDMA系统模型, 并针对现有空时编码CDMA系统过高的译码复杂度, 提出一种低复杂度的多用户接收方案。该方案在通过类似多用户检测方法有效抑制多用户干扰后, 充分利用空时分组码的复正交性来简化原有方案高译码复杂度。与原有指数性译码复杂度相比, 该方案有着线性复杂度, 而且与满分集空时分组编码CDMA系统相比, 可实现满速率、低复杂度和部分分集, 有着相对多的空间冗余信息, 从而级联信道编码后可有效弥补部分分集所带来的性能损失。仿真结果表明在相同系统容量和级联码的情况下, 所给系统比相应的满分集空时编码CDMA系统有着低的误比特率。     

一种新的多用户分集系统信道量化与反馈算法

该文为了解决MIMO-OFDM系统中反馈信息占据大量无线资源的问题,提出一种新颖的信道量化与反馈算法,包括成簇、量化、反馈3个步骤。成簇利用频域相关性,将相邻子载波组成簇,以簇为基本反馈单元。量化考虑实际系统中可选调制方式的有限性,以量化信息表明簇内子载波可采用的调制方式。反馈通过簇排序和门限设置,只将部分具有竞争力的簇信息传送给基站。这种算法具有反馈信息量少、频谱效率损失小等特性,文中均有详细的理论推导,并通过仿真进行了验证。     

基于多用户检测的Ad hoc网络吞吐量研究

对于基于CDMA的移动Ad hoc网络,传统方案下其终端对接收到的数据用匹配滤波器进行检测,该文则将多用户检测器引入到Ad hoc网络的终端中,通过抑制多址干扰来提高网络的整体性能。基于全连接有限元模型,并在介质访问子层采用时隙ALOHA协议的基础上,详细推导了Ad hoc网络的吞吐量。理论分析和实验仿真都说明多用户检测可以显著地提高Ad hoc网络的吞吐量。