蒽醌在正常及酒精肝损伤大鼠的药动学比较

比较栀子大黄汤中芦荟大黄素,大黄酸,大黄酚及大黄素甲醚在正常、酒精肝损伤大鼠药代动力学过程。给予大鼠灌服50%乙醇,连续十天,建立酒精肝损伤模型。采用HPLC-FLD法测定大鼠灌服栀子大黄汤不同时间点蒽醌血药浓度。模型组中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚Cmax,AUC0~t显著低于正常组(P0.05)。酒精所致肝损伤能够阻碍栀子大黄汤中蒽醌成分的吸收,降低血浆暴露率。     

可见分光光度法测定蒽醌化合物

蒽醌类化合物具有泻下利尿等生物活性,是大黄的主要有效成分,因此蒽醌类成分的含量高低在很大程度上决定了大黄的品质,测定蒽醌类成分的含量可以更好的了解和使用大黄。本文采用723PC可见分光光度计,测定了大黄酸、大黄素和芦荟大黄素三种蒽醌化合物,设备简单,操作方便快速,且准确性能达到实验要求,值得蒽醌化合物含量测定的推广应用。     

紫外-可见分光光度法测大黄不同炮制品总蒽醌含量

建立紫外分光光度法测定大黄不同炮制品中总蒽醌的含量,以大黄素为对照品,浓度为1%的醋酸镁甲醇溶液对其进行显色,在516 nm波长处测定吸光度,测定大黄不同炮制品总蒽醌的含量,比较其含量差异,其回归方程为:y=0.0452x+0.0015,R~2=0.9991,大黄素在浓度为0.9823.52μg/m L内有良好的线性范围,且准确性高、重复性好、检测结果稳定。该方法揭示中药大黄炮制前后总蒽醌的含量变化。该方法可作为大黄不同炮制品的质量控制方法,为今后综合开发利用中药大黄资源提供参考依据。     

大黄通便胶囊中5种蒽醌类化合物的含量测定

建立大黄通便胶囊制剂中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的HPLC含量测定方法。采用Gemini-C_(18)柱(4. 6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以甲醇-0. 1%的磷酸水溶液(74∶26,V/V)为流动相,流速1. 0 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长为254 nm。芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚在质量浓度分别为10. 48～104. 8、5. 58～55. 8、3. 36～33. 6、17. 72～177. 2、6. 24～62. 4μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系。本试验所建立的方法准确、可靠、重复性好,可为大黄通便胶囊的质量控制提供科学的依据。     

HPLC法测定大黄提取物中芦荟大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的含量

建立了同时测定大黄提取物中芦荟大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚含量的HPLC方法。色谱条件：色谱柱为Prontosi]-C18-ace-Eps（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）,流动相为甲醇-水（90：10,体积比）,流速1．0mL·rain-1,检测波长254am,柱温25℃,进样量20pL。结果表明,芦荟大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚分别在1．3～10．4μg·mL-1、1．3～6．5μg·μL-1。、3．O～12．0μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好,R2分别为0．9997、0．9999、0．9992,平均加标回收率分别为115．5％、98．1％、99．9％。该方法操作简单、结果准确、灵敏度高,可用于大黄提取物的质量控制。     

大黄鞣质类及蒽醌类化合物的三项生物活性比较研究

应用DPPH(α,α-diphenyl-β-Picryl-hydrazyl)分析法、蘑菇酪氨酸酶多巴速率氧化法和细胞增殖/毒性检测法(CCK-8)测定自由基清除率、酪氨酸酶活性和UVB辐射后细胞存活率比较研究大黄鞣质类及蒽醌类主要化合物的相应生物活性。结果显示:(1)鞣质类没食子酸、儿茶素DPPH清除力高于对照Vit C;(2)两类主要化合物均可抑制酪氨酸酶活性,而中、低浓度(2.5 m M、1.25 m M)芦荟大黄素起抑制作用,高浓度(5 m M)起激活作用;(3)芦荟大黄素、大黄素、大黄酚均可降低UVB辐射后细胞存活率。     

超临界CO2流体萃取大黄游离蒽醌的研究

研究了带夹带剂的超临界流体萃取大黄中的五种有效蒽醌类物质(大黄酚、大黄素、芦荟大黄素、大黄酸和大黄素甲醚)的工艺,考察了萃取条件(温度和压力)、CO2流量、萃取时间、夹带剂种类等对大黄游离蒽醌萃取率的影响.通过正交实验对萃取釜条件(萃取压力、温度和夹带剂用量)进行了优化;采用液相色谱对萃取产物进行了分析.结果表明,分离釜的温度和压力、CO2流量等对萃取效率影响较小;最佳工艺条件为静萃取时间为60 min、动萃取时间为30 min、以乙醇作夹带剂、乙醇用量300 mL·(100g大黄)-1、萃取温度45℃、萃取压力45 MPa.在此条件下大黄游离蒽醌的萃取量达1.15%.     

HPLC法测定铁甲草中大黄素的含量

建立铁甲草中大黄素的含量测定方法。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定铁甲草中大黄素的含量,应用Waters XBridgePeptide BEH C18(4. 6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-0. 1%甲酸(85∶15)为流动相,流速1. 0 m L/min,柱温35℃,进样量为10μL,检测波长254 nm,测定大黄素的含量。大黄素浓度在5～50μg/m L范围内呈良好线性关系(Y=38315X-16555,R2=0. 9994),平均回收率为98. 94%,RSD为1. 98%(n=6)。本文方法准确灵敏、稳定可靠,可用于铁甲草中大黄素的含量测定。     

基于成分检测的大黄-蜇虫药对最佳配伍比例的研究

目的:研究大黄-蜇虫不同比例配伍对水提液中有效成分的影响,探求药对的最佳配伍比例。方法:采用HPLC法考察大黄-蜇虫药对不同比例配伍共提液中大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的含量变化情况;通过高速氨基酸分析仪分析大黄-蜇虫药对不同比例配伍共提液中氨基酸的含量及组成;采用极差归一化法,对不同比例配伍的大黄-蛰虫药对中大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚、总氨基酸的含量进行综合分析,优选出最佳配伍比例。结果:大黄-蜇虫(1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、1∶4、1∶5、2∶1、3∶1、4∶1、5∶1)九个比例配伍进行综合分析后,确定在大黄-蜇虫配伍比例为1:3时有效成分含量最高。结论:大黄-蜇虫药对最佳配伍比例为1∶3。     

双波长HPLC法同时测定植物防晒复配物中7种防晒成分的含量

建立了双波长高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)同时测定自制植物防晒复配物中绿原酸、芦丁、黄芩苷、丹皮酚、黄芩素、大黄素和大黄酚7种防晒成分的含量。样品用纯甲醇溶解,采用Wonda Sil C18WR色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,以甲醇和0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 m L/min,检测波长270和327 nm,柱温40℃。结果表明,绿原酸、芦丁、黄芩苷、丹皮酚、黄芩素、大黄素和大黄酚的线性范围分别为4.24~42.4,6.76~67.6,4.16~41.6,4.90~49.0,4.34~43.4,4.28~42.8和5.72~57.2 ng,线性相关系数均大于0.999。7种防晒成分的平均回收率为92.4%~107.8%,RSD为3.81%~7.38%。该方法操作简便、准确、重复性好,可用于自制植物防晒复配物的质量控制。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997