一种新型高双折射光子晶体光纤的特性研究

设计了一种新型结构的光子晶体光纤,建立了对应的数学模型并采用全矢量有限元法对该结构的模场强度、有效折射率、双折射、色散特性和限制损耗进行了分析。研究表明,该光纤在1 550nm处可以获得高达7.66×10-3的双折射和低至12ps/(nm·km)的色散值,同时在800～1 600nm波长范围内,始终保持1.498×10-6 dB/m以下的极低限制损耗,可用于制造极低色散值的保偏光纤。     

宽带色散平坦光子晶体光纤的优化设计与特性分析

设计了一种第一层为椭圆空气孔缺陷的宽带色散平坦光子晶体光纤,借助全矢量有限元法对这种结构的光子晶体光纤的色散特性、模场面积、双折射和限制损耗特性进行了数值模拟.结果表明改进的光子晶体光纤的色散曲线可以在很宽的波长范围内保持色散平坦并具有较低的色散值,其模场面积较未改进光子晶体光纤的模场面积要大,光纤的限制损耗变小且双折射也相当小.主要分析了这种光纤的结构参数的优化后,光纤的色散特性、有效模面积、双折射以及限制损耗特性的变化规律,最终设计了在1 200～1 800 nm波长范围内超平坦色散的光子晶体光纤.     

新型六角点阵光子晶体光纤的高双折射低损耗特性

设计了一种新型六角点阵光子晶体光纤,该光纤在波长1 350～1 800nm范围内呈现高双折射低损耗大负色散。采用全矢量有限元法结合各向异性完美匹配层边界条件,对其双折射、约束损耗、色散、非线性和模场等特性进行了数值模拟。研究表明,新设计的光纤对模场有很强的约束能力,在波长1 550nm处双折射高达2.08×10-2,模约束损耗接近10-1 dB·km-1,负色散值高达-910ps·km-1·nm-1,模场面积高达2.67μm2,非线性系数仅有0.043m-1·W-1。该光纤将在光纤激光器、光纤放大器、光滤波器和光纤传感系统方面有重要的应用。     

一种双包层低损耗色散平坦光子晶体光纤

借助多极法对具有双包层、双孔间距结构光子晶体光纤的色散特性,限制损耗,模场面积进行数值模拟,研究调整内外包层参数对色散和损耗的影响.通过优化结构参数,设计了可以在1.29～1.82μm的波长范围内实现±0.5ps/(km·nm)低色散值的色散平坦光子晶体光纤,其在λ=1.55μm处,限制损耗为2.2×10-3dB/km...     

高双折射光子晶体光纤特性分析

建立了基于透明边界条件(TBC)的全矢量迦辽金有限元法(FEM)分析二维光子晶体光纤(PCF)的模型,并对椭圆芯等5种高双折射光子晶体光纤基模的模式双折射、限制损耗及色散特性进行了数值分析和比较.通过减小内包层中沿x方向的空气孔,增大沿y方向的空气孔构成的一种光子晶体光纤的模式双折射在波长1550 nm处高达5.96×10-3,而椭圆芯光子晶体光纤为1.52×10-3.研究表明,可通过增加内包层中两个正交方向上空气孔的尺寸差来获得高双折射;同时还得出内包层中放大的空气孔减小限制损耗,增加色散,而减小空气孔尺寸带来的影响则刚好相反;内包层上空气孔数量越少,色散越平坦.     

混合双包层高双折射光子晶体光纤的特性

提出了一种新型的混合双包层结构的光子晶体光纤。利用多极法对光纤基模的模场分布、双折射、限制损耗及色散特性等进行了数值模拟,通过调节包层空气孔的孔径大小可以有效地控制光纤的双折射和限制损耗特性。结果发现:新设计的光纤具有高双折射低限制损耗特性,光纤结构参数为=1.0 m,d1=d2=d3=0.8 m时,该光纤在C波段（1.53~1.565 m）及L波段（1.57~1.62 m）呈现负色散及负色散斜率。在波长为1.55 m处,双折射高达10-2,限制损耗小于10-5 dB/m。     

全固高非线性低色散斜率光子晶体光纤设计

提出了利用掺氟同心圆环的光纤结构来提高光子晶体光纤(PCF)的非线性,所需控制的参量仅有两个。设计了三种具有高非线性、低色散斜率和低限制损耗的全固光子晶体光纤。这三种光纤分别具有正常色散、双零色散点和零色散点恰好在1.55 μm波长处的色散曲线特性。所设计的零色散点恰好在1.55 μm波长处的光子晶体光纤色散斜率值为5.12×10-4 ps/(km·nm2),这比传统的高非线性光纤的色散斜率小了2个数量级。同时,该光纤在1.55 μm波长处的非线性系数为31.5 W-1·km-1,限制损耗为9.62×10-5 dB/km。     

一种高双折射低损耗大负色散光子晶体光纤的设计

设计了一种新型光子晶体光纤结构,该光纤包层包含六个由不同形状空气孔组成的轴对称的三角晶格,并在中间沿x轴引入一排大小不同的椭圆空气孔,实现了高双折射、低限制性损耗和大负色散特性。构建了该光子晶体光纤的有限元模型,基于该模型研究了中心两个空气孔的偏转角对LP₀₁模和LP₁₁模的模场分布、双折射系数、限制性损耗和色散系数的影响。研究表明,在偏转角α=90°时该型光纤具有最优性能,即LP₀₁模可在波长为1550nm处获得高达3.618×10-2的双折射、仅为1.999×10-14dB/m的限制性损耗以及低至-764ps/(nm·km)的大负色散,其综合传输特性优于现有典型光子晶体光纤。     

大负色散低限制损耗光子晶体光纤的特性研究

设计了一种双层芯双包层结构的大负色散低限制损耗光子晶体光纤,运用多极法对其色散特性和限制损耗进行了数值模拟.主要分析了这种光子晶体光纤的结构参数发生改变时,光纤的色散特性的变化情况,找到了其色散随结构参数变化的规律.最终通过选择适当的结构参数,设计了在1 550 nm波长附近处色散值为-12 000 ps/(km·nm)的大负色散低限制损耗光子晶体光纤.     

DWDM系统中偏振模色散的影响

本文导出了四波长光波在双折射光纤中传输所满足的一般非线性耦合方程.研究了色散平坦光纤中4×10Gb/sDWDM系统的偏振模色散特性;在此基础上,进一步研究了偏振模色散对不同信道间隔的4×10Gb/sDWDM系统的影响,结果表明偏振模色散限制了DWDM系统有效带宽内的信道数量及其传输码率.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks