基于ZigBee的穿戴式医疗监护系统节点的设计与实现

为了满足当今社会对穿戴式医疗监护的需求,设计并制作出了一种基于ZigBee技术的穿戴式医疗监护系统节点。该节点硬件部分采用了CC2530单片机和多种传感器,软件部分使用TI公司的Z-Stack协议栈,最终以相对低的成本实现了低生理、心理负荷下对人体体温、脉搏、生理姿态的获取。     

应急通信系统MAC层实现技术分析

首先简要介绍了应急通信系统,由于该系统MAC层使用了IEEE802.16e标准的MAC层协议作为参考来实现,接下来便对此标准的MAC协议做了分析,并根据程序实现总结了系统中MAC层实现所用的一些主要技术和算法.最后着重分析了带宽分配和调度算法的设计思路与结构.文中所描述的设计和算法都在picochip pc7205开发板上进行了实验并取得了很好的效果.     

2012—2013中国可穿戴设备市场研究报告

正(本报告系摘编自艾媒咨询集团《2012—2013中国可穿戴设备市场研究报告》)可穿戴设备,是指综合运用各类识别、传感、连接和云服务等交互及储存技术,以代替手持设备或其他器械,实现用户互动交互、生活娱乐、人体监测等功能的新型日常穿戴设备(眼镜、手表、腕带等)。可穿戴技术,是指被整合进可穿戴设备中,以实现各项功能的科学技术,是可穿戴设备应用的关键。     

基亏隔离电路的并口设备数据获取系统设计

为了实现对那些仅有标准打印接口的陈旧设备的信息化改造。本文在分析并口通信、设备与打印机交互信息原理的基础上,设计了一款基于隔离电路的并口设备数据获取系统。该系统可以在不影响设备与打印机正常工作的前提下,截获设备与打印机的通信信息,通过这些信息还原设备的原始打印内容。实际应用表明,该系统达到了设计要求,实现了信息的有效共享和使用。     

基于IGRS协议的多媒体共享系统

文中提出了一种基于闪联协议的家庭多媒体共享系统的设计与实现方法,该系统的目标是实现家庭网络内不同信息设备的互联互通、资源共享及协同服务.本系统以家庭网关作为中心节点,通过闪联协议实现家庭设备间的自动发现和互联互通,并调用闪联协议的AV智能应用框架实现了设备间的媒体资源共享.文中在介绍闪联协议及AV应用框架的基础上,重点阐述闪联设备的信息交互、共享系统的构成,并实现了相关的功能模块.     

一种面向智能用电的通信与控制系统

针对现有家庭智能用电设备的研发与应用现状,提出了一种面向家庭智能用电的通信与控制系统设计方法.应用远程无线通信技术、互联网技术、无线局域网技术、电能测量技术和家电遥控启停技术,实现家庭用电系统与电力管理信息的实时通信、按需用电、交互设置、远程控制功能。     

基于MQTT协议的智能网关设计

为了解决远程设备与云平台之间的数据交互及远程监控的问题,文中设计一种基于MQTT协议的智能网关。该智能网关以单片机STM32F407和4G模块EC20为核心,使用网关的RS 485接口获取设备端的ModBus数据;通过MQTT协议将数据经4G模块上传到云平台,并能够将云平台下发的控制指令转发给设备端,实现远程设备与云平台之间的数据交互;同时用户可以通过PC网页监测设备的运行信息。采用MQTT协议作为网关与云平台之间的通信,ModBus协议作为设备与网关之间的通信,通过两种协议的结合能够提高数据传输的效率,节省网络流量,并且为低带宽以及不稳定网络环境中的远程设备提供稳定的网络服务。经测试,基于MQTT协议的智能网关网络通信稳定可靠,具有很好的应用前景。     

基于信息支持设备的通信系统的设计

为了扩展信息支持设备的通信方式,增强其通信能力,提出了一种结合ZigBee技术的通信系统的设计方案,介绍了通信系统拓扑和数据传输格式,对系统适配器从软,硬件两方面进行说明,利用C语言设计软件程序代码,实现了上住机(信息支持设备)与下位机(单片机)的通信.通信系统实现了信息支持设备的功能扩展.     

基于VR技术的智能家居人机交互系统设计

为了提高家居生活的智能化,满足更多受众群体的个性化生活需求,引进VR技术,从硬件与软件两个方面,对智能家居人机交互系统展开设计。选用QCA9590-89G52型号微机电测量与通信设备、选用GPRS无线通信IT440-1型号通信控制设备作为系统硬件设备。在硬件设备的支撑下,将VR技术与PC终端进行匹配,在终端设备上建立一个室内三维环境;建立不同服务器与终端之间的良好通信,实现三维场景中Web嵌入与家居通信控制;将触摸式交互屏作为人机交互系统的交互端,采用开发人机交互界面的方式,进行多端之间良好交互的设计。通过对比实验证明,提出的基于VR技术的交互系统在实际应用中能够在保证误识别率为0%的前提条件下,实现对操作用户位置的准确识别,并确保各个家居设备的运行能够与操作用户预期需求吻合。     

移动自组网中联合优化设计的MAC/路由协议

文章针对节点数量多、密度大的一类移动自组网提出了一种跨层联合设计的MAC/路由协议.在MAC层上采用基于调度的信道分配算法以减少通信冲突,在网络层上结合使用表驱动路由和基于地理位置的路由来提高协议适应动态拓扑的能力,并设计了适合TDMA MAC协议的高效的消息交互机制.在OPNET仿真平台上与AODV/802.11和G...     

On the implant communication and MAC protocols for WBAN

Recent advances in micro‐electro‐mechanical systems, wireless communication, low‐power intelligent sensors, and semiconductor technologies have allowed the realization of a wireless body area network (WBAN). A WBAN provides unobtrusive health monitoring for a long period of time with real‐time updates to the physician. It is widely used for ubiquitous health care, entertainment, and military applications. The implantable and wearable medical devices have several critical requirements such as power consumption, data rate, size, and low‐power medium access control (MAC) protocols. This article consists of two parts: body implant communication, which is concerned with the communication to and from a human body using radio frequency (RF) technology, and WBAN MAC protocols, which presents several low‐power MAC protocols for a WBAN with useful guidelines including a case study of IEEE 802.15.4, PB‐TDMA, and SMAC protocols. In body implant communication, the in‐body RF performance is affected considerably by the implant's depth and different polarization combinations inside the human body as well as by the muscle and fat. We observe best performance at a depth of 3 to 5 cm and not close to the human skin. Furthermore, the study of low‐power MAC protocols highlights the most important aspects of developing a novel low‐power and reliable MAC protocol for a WBAN. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Wearable Sensors-Enabled Human–Machine Interaction Systems: From Design to Application

In comparison to traditional bulky and rigid electronic devices, the human–machine interaction (HMI) system with flexible and wearable components is an inevitable future trend. To achieve effective, intuitive, and seamless manipulation of high-performance wearable HMI systems, it is important to develop effective strategies for designing material microstructures on flexible sensors and electric devices with excellent mechanical flexibility and stretchability. The real-time acquisition of human physiology and surrounding signals through accurate and flexible sensors is the basis of wearable HMIs. Herein, the construction of a wearable HMI system that utilizes sensors, communication modes, and actuators is reviewed. The mechanisms and strategies for designing various flexible sensors based on different mechanisms are analyzed and discussed. The functional mechanism, material selection, and novel design strategies of each part are summarized in detail. The different communication modes in interactive systems and the manufacturing technology of soft machines are also introduced. Additionally, the most advanced applications of wearable HMI systems in intelligent identification and security, interactive controls for robots, augmented reality, and virtual reality have been highlighted. The review concludes with an overview of the remaining key challenges and several ideas regarding the further improvement of wearable HMI systems.     

A survey of IEEE 802.15.4 effective system parameters for wireless body sensor networks

Wireless body sensor networks are offered to meet the requirements of a diverse set of applications such as health‐related and well‐being applications. For instance, they are deployed to measure, fetch and collect human body vital signs. Such information could be further used for diagnosis and monitoring of medical conditions. IEEE 802.15.4 is arguably considered as a well‐designed standard protocol to address the need for low‐rate, low‐power and low‐cost wireless body sensor networks. Apart from the vast deployment of this technology, there are still some challenges and issues related to the performance of the medium access control (MAC) protocol of this standard that are required to be addressed. This paper comprises two main parts. In the first part, the survey has provided a thorough assessment of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol performance where its functionality is evaluated considering a range of effective system parameters, that is, some of the MAC and application parameters and the impact of mutual interference. The second part of this paper is about conducting a simulation study to determine the influence of varying values of the system parameters on IEEE 802.15.4 performance gains. More specifically, we explore the dependability level of IEEE 802.5.4 performance gains on a candidate set of system parameters. Finally, this paper highlights the tangible needs to conduct more investigations on particular aspect(s) of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Natural communication with information systems

Pervasive networking and sophisticated computing open opportunities for collaborative information processing independent of time and space. In this instance the information system becomes an enhancer of human intellect, as well as a mediator for communication among participants. The human user favors the sensory dimensions of sight, sound, and touch as primary channels of communication. Machines that can accommodate these modes promise flexibilities and functionalities that transcend the traditional mouse and keyboard. The paper describes research to establish human-computer interfaces that capture attributes of natural face-to-face communication. An experimental multimodal system is developed to study several aspects of natural style human-computer communication. While as yet primitive, the technologies of image and gaze processing, hands-free conversation, and force feedback tactile transduction are combined and used simultaneously for manipulating objects in a shared workspace. Software agents fuse the sensory signals to estimate and interpret user intent. Current areas of experimental application include disaster relief/crisis management, telemedicine/rehabilitation, and mobile office/wearable computers     

Novel MAC protocol for terahertz ultra-high data-rate wireless networks

Due to having a large bandwidth to support Gbps-level data rate, terahertz communication attracts more and more attention in recent years. However, there are few medium access control （MAC） protocols for terahertz ultra-high data-rate wireless networks, which affects the research and application of terahertz communications. To address this problem and to achieve ultra-high data-rate wireless access with terahertz communication, a novel MAC protocol, called medium access control for terahertz communication （MAC-TC）, is proposed. Through designing a new channel access scheme, a new superframe structure, and related key parameters, MAC-TC can support a maximum data rate up to 10 Gbit/s even higher. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that our proposed MAC protocol realizes the function of medium access control and attains a maximum data rate of 18.3 Gbit/s, which is 2 times higher than 5.78 Gbit/s, the theoretical maximum data rate of IEEE 802.15.3c standard.     

Electric Field Distributions of Wearable Devices Using the Human Body as a Transmission Channel

Recently, wearable devices which use the human body as a transmission channel have been developed. However, there has been a lack of information related to the transmission mechanism of such devices in the physical layer. Electromagnetic communication trials using the human body as a transmission medium have more than a decade's history. However, most of the researches have been conducted by researchers who just want to utilize the fact and practically no physical mechanisms have been researched until recently. Hence, in this paper, the authors propose some calculation models of the human body equipped with the wearable devices by using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. Moreover, a biological tissue-equivalent solid phantom is utilized to show the validity of the calculation. From these investigations, the authors determine the transmission mechanism of the wearable devices using the human body as a transmission channel.     

Wireless Technologies in Healthcare: Selected Papers from IEEE PIMRC 2011

The use of wireless technologies for medical device communication, health monitoring (at hospitals or homes) and mobile healthcare information delivery (i.e. m-Health) is one of the most rapidly growing areas in health-IT research today. The papers which appear in this special issue have been carefully selected from the best IEEE PIMRC 2011 conference. They are highlighting various challenging issues in using wireless technology for healthcare applications such as PHY & MAC innovations for wearable and implantable medical sensors, optical communication and location systems in hospital environments and interference mitigation issues.     

基于MAX30102的穿戴式血氧饱和度检测系统

本文设计了一种以MAX30102血氧饱和度和心率的集成芯片为传感器,nRF52832为微处理器的穿戴式血氧饱和度检测系统。系统设计过程中充分利用MAX30102光电反射式血氧传感器集光电发射接收、数模转换、数据滤波为一体,nRF52832 Cortex-M4F微处理器集成硬FPU单元和多种无线通信协议的优点,提高了检测模块的抗干扰能力和系统的运行速度及信号处理能力,降低了系统的开发时间和系统功耗,为系统的智能化提供多平台支持。在系统的信号处理算法上,设计了多种滤波算法进行比较,并选择了性能较优适合本系统的Dtrend去趋势算法虑除基线漂移和运动伪差干扰,以实现了更为精准的穿戴式血氧饱和度检测系统的设计。     

Characteristic and Modeling of Human Body Motions for Body Area Network Applications

Many current and future medical devices are wearable and human body is used as a carrier for wireless communication, which implies human body to be a crucial part of the transmission medium in body area networks (BANs). In order to understand the propagation characteristics around human body, the statistical model is derived for communication links in the medical implant communication service band, industrial scientific medical band and ultra-wideband based on the narrowband measurement. The channel model of diffracting components around human body were different from one scenario to another. Moreover, second order statistics, including level crossing rate and fade duration, are presented for each scenario to evaluate the link quality and outage performance for on-body to on-body scenario. Using a network analyzer, Doppler spread spectrum in frequency domain and coherence time in time domain from temporal variations of human body movements are also analyzed from diverse perspectives. Additionally, the shape of Doppler spread spectrum is fitted to describe the relationship of power and frequency. The proposed on-body to on-body channel model for human body motions can be used to better design wireless network protocols for BANs.     

Body Heat Powered Wirelessly Wearable System for Real-time Physiological and Biochemical Monitoring

Through harvesting energy from the environment or human body, self-power wearable electronics have an opportunity to break through the limitations of battery supply and achieving long-term continuous operation. Here, a wireless wearable monitoring system driven entirely by body heat is implemented. Based on the principle of maximizing heat utilization, while optimizing internal resistance and heat dissipation, the stretchable TEG improves the power density of previous similar devices from only a few microwatts per square centimeter to tens and makes it possible to continuously drive wireless wearable electronic systems. Furthermore, ceaseless self-power energy gives wearable electronics unparalleled continuous working ability, which can realize the tracking and monitoring of biochemical and physiological indicators at different time scale. A practical system demonstrates the ability to real-time monitor heart rate, sweat ingredient and body motion at a high sampling rate. This study marks an important advance of self-powered wearable electronics for wirelessly real-time healthy monitoring.