微生物对酸性红B染料的脱色研究

研究了微生物的分离及在染料废水脱色中的应用．以细菌分离、驯化等方法从不同印染废水处理池中的活性污泥中筛选出对染料具有脱色作用的菌种，并对影响微生物生长的因素，如温度、菌种质量浓度、初始染料质量浓度以及pH值进行了研究．获得了微生物在染料脱色过程中所需的最佳条件．     

微生物的选择及对染料废水脱色的研究

对微生物在染料废水脱色中的应用进行了研究，从印染厂排污口的沉积物及处理废水的活性污泥中分离出多株菌种，通过驯化筛选出三株对染料有脱色作用的菌株，并探讨了各种因素对染料化合物脱色行为的影响，以及优势菌混合培养体系的脱色效果。研究表明外加碳源浓度、染料初始浓度、染料结构、接种量以及温度、pH值，对菌种的生长繁殖和对染料的脱色效果具有一定的影响。     

染料脱色细菌的筛选及脱色条件的研究

对镇江印染厂泥土中的微生物进行筛选,得到一株对孔雀绿染料具有较强脱色能力的细菌,经初步鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌属(Paeudomonas aeruginosa).并研究了染料浓度、培养时间、培养温度、起始pH值等因素对脱色率的影响.通过正交试验,得出菌种的最佳培养条件为:染料质量浓度50 mg/L,培养时间72 h,培养温度28℃,发酵液起始pH值7.0.     

海泡石在印染废水生物脱色中的作用

为提高印染废水的脱色效果,提出一种用于染料脱色菌固定化的载体海泡石,并对酸性红B染料进行脱色研究。研究海泡石活化温度、脱色pH值、温度和菌浓度对脱色率的影响。优化最佳的固定化和脱色条件:活化温度400℃,脱色时间72 h、33℃、pH值为7.0、菌量为2%,对酸性红B脱色率达到91.5%。结果表明:当染料质量浓度低于100 mg/L时,固定于海泡石的脱色菌比游离悬浮菌对印染废水的脱色效果好。     

CaO2与新生态MnO2对阳离子蓝染料废水脱色效果比较

染料废水是环境危害极大的一类废水，选用CaO2与新生态MnO2对阳离子蓝染料废水进行脱色比较，研究各种反应条件下对脱色率的影响。实验表明：CaO2比新生态MnO2脱色效果好，且在pH为6～8，用量为2．5mg，温度为60℃时脱色效果最好。     

印染废水脱色菌的培育及脱色工艺

从印染厂的活性污泥中筛选分离到一株染料脱色优势菌X3,探讨了该菌在不同温度、pH值、培养时间、接种量、染料浓度等条件下对兰纳素藏青B01染料脱色的影响;优化了该菌降解废水中染料的最适条件,即采用好氧型菌株X3在33℃,pH=7的条件下进行脱色。试验表明,接种量在较宽的范围内对脱色效果影响不明显;染料浓度对脱色也有一定影响。     

三苯甲烷染料降解脱色菌的研究

从某纺织印染厂附近的污泥中筛选、分离、纯化得到一株三苯甲烷类染料脱色菌株,并研究了该菌株对龙胆紫染料的最佳脱色降解条件。实验结果表明,该茵在pH值为7．0、温度为35℃、培养时间为96h的条件下,对浓度为30mg／L的龙胆紫染料的脱色率达74％以上。     

漆酶对直接湖蓝5B的脱色性能研究

针对漆酶对染料的独特降解机理，将漆酶用于双偶氮结构的直接湖蓝5B溶液的脱色，确定其最适反应条件，结果表明：漆酶对这类染料有明显的脱色作用．染料溶液在酶质量浓度3g／L、pH4．5、30℃、60min日寸有最佳的脱色效果；讨论了不同添加剂（例如酸根离子、金属离子、表面活性剂）对脱色的影响．结果表明：Cu^2＋对脱色有明显的促进作用，而Fe^2＋和各类表面活性剂对脱色有抑制作用．     

活性染料臭氧脱色

英国贝尔法斯特大学科研人员研制臭氧脱色技术取得初步成果。该研究针对不同典型类型纺织厂染色废水进行研究，这些废水中染料浓度、染料结构、pH值、含盐浓度均不相同，处理时间也不同。臭氧用干燥纯氧在一台臭氧发生器中产生，通过改变输入电流可调节臭氧接触反应器中的臭氧流量和浓度。研究中采用雷玛唑黑B，红RB和金黄RNL三种活性染料及其混合染料。研究结果表明，臭氧可快速有效地使这些废水脱色。臭氧首先选择性降解染料中偶氮发色团，从而使染料废水脱色。臭氧浓度对脱色起始速度有直接影响，浓度越高，脱色越快。臭氧流量较低时，完全脱色效果稍好，这是由于较好搅和和臭氧停留时间较长。较高染料浓度使降解速度放慢，这是由于有较大量染料分子需要同等量臭氧降解。     

印染废水中苯胺的混菌发酵体系降解和脱色

从印染厂附近的河道土壤中分离得到一株偶氮染料脱色菌,通过对其16S rDNA测序鉴定为Bacillus cereus AHR-5菌种。鉴于印染废水中苯胺和色度高的特点,以海藻酸钠为固定化载体,按照体积比1∶1将AHR-5和实验室保藏的苯胺降解菌种Acinetobactergerneri CLX-6联合构建混合菌。以单一菌作为对照,分别考察染料浓度、pH值、盐度和温度对苯胺的降解和对偶氮染料的脱色效果的影响。结果表明,当染料质量浓度100~400 mg/L、pH值7~9、盐度3%、温度30~35℃时,混合菌对苯胺的降解率和染料脱色率明显优于单一菌。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press