基于测试与仿真的数控折弯机滑块刚性分析

板料折弯机的滑块在折弯加工过程中会产生向上的弹性变形,导致折弯时模具之间压力分布不均匀,从而影响工件的折弯精度,因此滑块的刚性分析非常重要。运用应变电测技术与有限元仿真相结合的方法对某型号数控折弯机滑块的变形分别进行了实验测试和有限元计算,并将测试结果与计算结果进行比较,以验证有限元模型的正确性。在此基础上,将滑块高度与厚度作为设计变量,对滑块进行改进设计。改进设计结果表明:将滑块厚度增加20 mm、同时将高度增加100 mm时,滑块刚性得到了明显的提高。     

折弯机液压补偿装置对工作台挠度曲线的影响分析与优化

折弯机的加工精度是最重要的性能指标之一。运用弹性力学理论对工作台变形进行分析,折弯时滑块与工作台共同受到板材的反作用力,必然会产生明显的挤压变形,从而导致上、下模发生相同的挠曲变形,严重降低了工件的折弯角度及直线度。以某型数控折弯机为研究对象,为了提高加工精度,利用液压原理对工作台挠度进行压力补偿,运用有限元分析与实验测试相结合的方式,多变量建模并仿真,研究了折弯机在满载自由折弯工况下的补偿效果,并确定了最佳的优化方案,运用有限元理论解决了实际生产问题。     

折弯机滑块结构对工件折弯精度的影响分析

对滑块进行有限元分析,找出滑块的薄弱位置。采用增加滑块厚度、增加滑块板筋厚度、改变滑块底部受力位置等三种改进方案进行测试,得出通过改变受力位置来减小滑块变形是最经济有效的方案。依据工件折弯精度检验方法,将优化前后的折弯机进行加工试验,进而验证滑块优化的正确性,为进一步完善和优化折弯机滑块提供了理论依据。     

基于CosmosWorks的折弯机液压补偿能力的分析

建立了折弯机的三维模型,分析了下横梁液压补偿机构的原理并对其进行了设计计算.采用有限元软件CosmosWorks对折弯机下横梁进行了静力分析,定量地描述了下横梁的变形和应力分布状态.通过折弯角度的误差分析以及折弯机滑块与下横梁上表面的挠度曲线的对比研究,得到液压补偿装置的变形规律,验证了液压补偿系统具备对下横梁的挠曲变...     

更正启示北大核心

《机床与液压》2015年第19期(总第397期)第79页《折弯机滑块变形分析及实验测试》一文中"当工件折弯到90°时,折弯力约为96kN"应为"当工件折弯到90°时,折弯力约为196kN"。     

更正启示

<正>《机床与液压》2015年第19期(总第397期)第79页《折弯机滑块变形分析及实验测试》一文中"当工件折弯到90°时,折弯力约为96kN"应为"当工件折弯到90°时,折弯力约为196kN"。     

基于有限元技术的折弯机滑块分析与改进设计

滑块是数控板料折弯机的重要组成部分,对加工工件的精度有着重要影响。本文采用ANSYS有限元分析软件建立了折弯机整体有限元模型,对折弯机滑块进行了静力学分析,研究了滑块的应力分布与变形情况,研究发现液压缸活塞杆与滑块安装的方形开口周围应力过大。为提高该处结构强度,提出几种改进设计方案,通过有限元计算结果的比较,最终确定最合理的设计方案。     

折弯机压力不均匀分布研究

本文用弹性力学理论分析了影响折弯精度的原因是折弯机的滑块及工作台弹性变形导致的压力分布不均匀.介绍了国内外三种挠度补偿方法.通过对本公司生产的液压补偿式折弯机进行有限元分析模拟,比较了补偿前后工作台的变形及压力分布情况.     

基于BP神经网络的板材折弯桶状变形补偿研究

为了减小折弯机板材折弯时产生的桶状变形量,在下横梁基体上安装四个补偿油缸,使其产生向上的挠曲变形,从而对桶状变形进行补偿.为了获得油缸补偿力与下横梁变形之间的关系,利用ANSYS建立有限元模型进行分析,在获取大量数据的基础上,建立起一个折弯力和加载长度与油缸补偿力之间的三层BP神经网络模型.之后在实际加工中可以在线利用已训练好的BP神经网络模型,输入备选的加工参数,可迅速地预测出油缸补偿力.预测结果表明其预测误差在可接受的范围内.     

折弯机滑块的敏感度分析及结构优化

为寻找影响折弯机滑块直线度的关键因素,掌握滑块弹性变形的理论数据,为折弯机滑块的结构设计和刚性校核提供理论指导和依据,利用Pro/E分析软件,结合折弯机的工作情况和受力状态,通过建立有限元分析模型,进行受力分析和敏感度分析,找到各模型尺寸与弹性变形的数据关系,并确定经济可行的优化方案。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。