On acoustic emissions in percussion laser drilling

Laser drilling is a well established sheet metal processing method. The development of a monitoring system capable of assessing the dimensions of holes is the subject of this work. This paper investigates the applicability of an acoustic-based monitoring system for the percussion laser drilling process. Correlation between the sensor output and the hole's geometry, determined by its depth and upper diameter, is investigated and the results are presented. In general, the results indicate that a correlation exists between the acoustic signal output and the depth of the hole.     

Statistical analysis of repeatability in laser percussion drilling

This study investigates the effect of six parameters in the repeatability of drilled holes in laser percussion drilling process by means of statistical techniques. Peak power, pulse width, pulse frequency, number of pulses, gas pressure and focal plane position were considered as independent process parameters. Experiments were designed with the aim of reducing the number of required experiments. The response surface method was used to develop the models for required responses. The significant factors in the process were selected based on the analysis of the variance (ANOVA). The experiments were conducted in mild steel sheet with a thickness of 2 mm. Each experiment was repeated 35 times in order to investigate the repeatability of the process. The equivalent entrance diameter, percentage of standard deviation of entrance diameter (%STD Eq Dia), circularity (ratio of minimum to maximum Feret’s diameter) and its standard deviation (STD circularity) were selected as process characteristics. The %STD Eq Dia and STD circularity, respectively, show the repeatability of equivalent diameter and circularity in the process. The results show that the process of drilling smaller hole diameters is more repeatable than drilling larger holes. Pulse width, gas pressure, focal plane position, peak power and number of pulses, respectively, have significant effect on the repeatability of hole diameter and circularity. Pulse frequency has no significant effect on the repeatability of the process.     

Optical emissions for monitoring of the percussion laser drilling process

In percussion laser drilling, a sufficiently powerful laser beam is used for the formation of a hole on the workpiece. In this study, the investigation of utilizing optical signals, acquired by means of photodiodes and emitted from the processing zone for real-time monitoring, is presented. The correlation between the sensor output and the geometry of the hole, determined by the depth and upper diameter, is investigated, and the results are presented. In general, the results indicate that there is a strong correlation between the optical signal output and the diameter of the hole.     

Percussion drilling with laser: hole completion criterion

The criterion for ensuring formation of a through hole is an important aspect of laser drilling. Close observation of the process has indicated that drilling of the substrate is achieved in six successive microstages. The stages have been time resolved and the behaviour of laser induced plasma (LIP) during the microstages of drilling has been carefully examined. The LIP behaviour during the percussion laser drilling has been explained with the help of the contemporary understanding of plasma. This paper proposes a drilling completion criterion that is based on the behaviour of LIP during laser percussion drilling of SUPERNI 263A with a Nd-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser. The completion of formation of a hole is marked by the momentarily increased luminescence of the plasma plume emanating from the laser beam exit side of the workpiece during drilling. The criterion has been experimentally verified. The criterion is versatile and can help in augmenting productivity during manufacturing.     

Continuous-wave laser drilling assisted by intermittent gas jets

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology - We describe a study of the laser drilling of stainless steel (SUS304) using a fiber laser with a wavelength of 1090&;nbsp;nm,...     

Percussion drilling with laser: hole completion criterion

The criterion for ensuring formation of a through hole is an important aspect of laser drilling. Close observation of the process has indicated that drilling of the substrate is achieved in six successive microstages. The stages have been time resolved and the behaviour of laser induced plasma (LIP) during the microstages of drilling has been carefully examined. The LIP behaviour during the percussion laser drilling has been explained with the help of the contemporary understanding of plasma. This paper proposes a drilling completion criterion that is based on the behaviour of LIP during laser percussion drilling of SUPERNI 263A with a Nd-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser. The completion of formation of a hole is marked by the momentarily increased luminescence of the plasma plume emanating from the laser beam exit side of the workpiece during drilling. The criterion has been experimentally verified. The criterion is versatile and can help in augmenting productivity during manufacturing.     

基于遗传算法的激光打孔路径优化

针对目前激光打孔过程中存在的问题,采用遗传算法对激光打孔路径进行优化.建立了路径优化目标函数模型,对激光打孔路径优化总体设计,遗传算法的实现所需要的适应度函数、选择算子、交叉算子、变异算子等遗传操作进行了说明,并通过实例说明,采用遗传算法对激光打孔路径进行优化,可以显著地提高激光打孔加工效率.     

Ablation drilling of invar alloy using ultrashort pulsed laser

Drilling a hole in Invar alloy is accomplished by using a nanosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser. However, this process has a few problems, such as heat effect and poor edge quality. Therefore, the ablation properties of the Invar alloy were investigated by using an ultrashort pulsed laser, which is a regenerative amplifier Ti:sapphire laser with a 1 kHz repetition rate, a 184 fs pulse duration, and a 785 nm wavelength. To study the ablation characteristics of the Invar alloy, we measured the ablation shape, width, and ablated depth at the energy fluence of a single pulse. The optimal condition for hole drilling is a z-axis transfer depth of 4 μm, a circular feed rate of 0.2 mm/s, and a pulse energy of 26.4 μJ. A fine circular hole without burrs and thermal damage were obtained under the optimal processing conditions. The ultrashort pulsed laser system is an excellent tool for micro-hole drilling in Invar alloys without heat effects and poor edge quality.     

Inconel 718高温合金飞秒激光逐层环切打孔技术

采用波长为1064 nm,脉宽为300 fs的飞秒激光对1 mm厚度的Inconel 718高温合金进行逐层环切打孔,比较了与传统环切打孔的区别,发现逐层环切打孔可以明显降低微孔锥度、提高微孔进出口圆度,从而改善微孔质量.通过控制变量法研究了扫描速度、单脉冲能量及重复频率对飞秒激光逐层环切打孔进出口孔径、微孔锥度等质量...     

提高激光制孔质量策略的研究进展

激光制孔是一种非接触式、无工具损耗的先进加工技术,现阶段已经在航空、航天和船舶等领域广泛应用;但激光制孔后会出现热影响区、再铸层和熔渣等质量缺陷以及锥度等形貌缺陷,极大地影响了孔的后续应用,因此,在激光制孔过程中增加额外的辅助手段以提升其质量是十分必要的.首先,从时间尺度上分析了激光与靶材的作用机理,阐述了激光加工时的物理现象,明确了提升制孔质量的切入点.针对国内外在激光制孔过程中应用的辅助手段进行了系统的综述,详细分析了介质辅助、焦点位移辅助和在线监测辅助对孔形孔性的提升机制,并探讨了激光制孔技术未来的发展方向.     

提高激光制孔质量策略的研究进展

激光制孔是一种非接触式、无工具损耗的先进加工技术,现阶段已经在航空、航天和船舶等领域广泛应用;但激光制孔后会出现热影响区、再铸层和熔渣等质量缺陷以及锥度等形貌缺陷,极大地影响了孔的后续应用,因此,在激光制孔过程中增加额外的辅助手段以提升其质量是十分必要的.首先,从时间尺度上分析了激光与靶材的作用机理,阐述了激光加工时的物理现象,明确了提升制孔质量的切入点.针对国内外在激光制孔过程中应用的辅助手段进行了系统的综述,详细分析了介质辅助、焦点位移辅助和在线监测辅助对孔形孔性的提升机制,并探讨了激光制孔技术未来的发展方向.     

提高激光制孔质量策略的研究进展

激光制孔是一种非接触式、无工具损耗的先进加工技术,现阶段已经在航空、航天和船舶等领域广泛应用;但激光制孔后会出现热影响区、再铸层和熔渣等质量缺陷以及锥度等形貌缺陷,极大地影响了孔的后续应用,因此,在激光制孔过程中增加额外的辅助手段以提升其质量是十分必要的.首先,从时间尺度上分析了激光与靶材的作用机理,阐述了激光加工时的物理现象,明确了提升制孔质量的切入点.针对国内外在激光制孔过程中应用的辅助手段进行了系统的综述,详细分析了介质辅助、焦点位移辅助和在线监测辅助对孔形孔性的提升机制,并探讨了激光制孔技术未来的发展方向.     

提高激光制孔质量策略的研究进展

激光制孔是一种非接触式、无工具损耗的先进加工技术,现阶段已经在航空、航天和船舶等领域广泛应用;但激光制孔后会出现热影响区、再铸层和熔渣等质量缺陷以及锥度等形貌缺陷,极大地影响了孔的后续应用,因此,在激光制孔过程中增加额外的辅助手段以提升其质量是十分必要的.首先,从时间尺度上分析了激光与靶材的作用机理,阐述了激光加工时的物理现象,明确了提升制孔质量的切入点.针对国内外在激光制孔过程中应用的辅助手段进行了系统的综述,详细分析了介质辅助、焦点位移辅助和在线监测辅助对孔形孔性的提升机制,并探讨了激光制孔技术未来的发展方向.     

使用长脉冲高能激光对石英玻璃打孔

为了实现玻璃上的高效快速打孔,研究了使用长脉冲激光在石英玻璃上打孔的方法.通过在玻璃表面镀制ZrO2,解决了石英玻璃对1 064 nm激光吸收弱的问题.使用脉宽为1 ms,波长为1 064 nm的Nd:YAG激光在石英玻璃上打出了深为1.55 mm的锥形孔.研究了激光打孔的能效比,结果显示,当激光的能量密度为6.8 k...     

激光打孔陶瓷微裂纹现象理论研究

采用倾斜回转法进行激光陶瓷打孔,并对打孔后的缺陷试件的断口形貌进行分析,同时对打孔过程中出现的陶瓷材料产生微裂纹的现象进行了初步的理论研究。     

248 nm excimer laser drilling PI film for nozzle plate application

In this study, drilling of polyimide (PI) film by using a 248 nm excimer laser through photomask projection is presented. The parameter effects of laser fluence, shot number and repetition rate on the processing results are realized. A high-quality of microhole array with 50 μm thick PI film has been fabricated. When the projection process is carried out, differences in the diameters of the microhole in the front and back sides of the PI are observed, which cause a conical shape in the kerf. The formation of this conical shape in terms of laser process parameters is discussed. Besides, to improve the laser machining quality of PI microholes, the effects of the process parameters are investigated and characterized. In addition, before excimer laser drilling PI is conducted, the PI surface is pre-coated with, or left without, a thin film material to observe the formation of debris. The results shows that the formation of debris can be reduced significantly when a pre-coated thin film is applied on the PI surface.     

An approach to modelling evaporation pulsed laser drilling and its energy efficiency

Laser drilling is a thermal process with relatively low energy efficiency since the material removal mechanism is mostly based either on melting or on vaporization. Aiming at the investigation of the laser drilling efficiency, a theoretical both analytical and numerical study of evaporation pulsed laser drilling is presented. The analysis is based on a linear approximation of the temperature profile and separates the process into three phases, those of the heating, the melting and the vaporization. Based on these models, the energy efficiency and its dependence on the process parameters have been investigated and selection of relevant process variable guidelines, towards improving energy efficiency, are given. Moreover, the physical mechanisms responsible for most of the energy losses are analysed and classified according to their importance.     

Study on process and mechanism of laser drilling in water and air

This paper describes a particle expert system (PES) that was developed to improve particle classification for burrs, casts, and chips in the automotive production process. Image-processing techniques were deployed to extract particle information and remove noise from industrial filters and lighting systems. An advanced model of a particle classification algorithm (PCA) was built with 12 particle classes and a particle-expert-system (PES) algorithm was developed to train the PCA parameters to achieve the target success rate. The particle expert system will help the user locate the source of particles with high reliability and a stable success rate immediately after image processing and training the PCA parameters.