轻质燃料油脱硫技术研究进展

阐述了加氢脱硫、吸附脱硫、氧化脱硫、生物脱硫和萃取脱硫等轻质燃料油脱硫技术及相应脱硫原理,比较不同脱硫工艺的优缺点,展望脱硫工艺的发展方向,为了得到超低硫含量的燃料油,减少投资和降低成本,使生产过程对环境更加友好,将更多的研究集中于生物脱硫、离子液体脱硫和耦合脱硫等其他脱硫技术。     

轻质燃料油的氧化脱硫研究

研究了H2O2以及促氧剂AC和TFAC对汽油中硫醇的氧化脱除效果。实验结果表明，H2O2可能有效的将汽油中硫醇氧化并且添加促氧剂能明显改善H2O2的作用效果。同时，工艺条件结果表明，较低反应温度，较短反应时间以及高剂油比对硫醇的氧化脱除反应有利。     

空气氧化燃料油脱硫技术研究进展

空气氧化脱硫技术因其反应条件温和、不使用昂贵的氢气、投资和操作费用低等优点日益受到重视.目前研究的氧化脱硫技术大多采用H2O2作氧化剂,但H2O2存在价格昂贵、不能再生以及含硫废水排放等问题.采用廉价的空气作氧化剂的氧化脱硫技术可以克服H2O2作氧化剂存在的一些缺点,因此,受到广泛关注.介绍了空气在不同催化体系中氧化燃...     

燃料油吸附脱硫研究进展

吸附法脱除燃油中的含硫化合物具有操作简单、投资少、适合于深度脱硫、无污染等优点,因而具有较大的发展空间和潜力。综述了国内外燃料油吸附脱硫技术在吸附工艺和吸附剂方面的研究进展,重点介绍了IRVAD工艺、S—Zorb工艺、SARS工艺、LADS工艺,以及分子筛、活性炭、氧化物等吸附剂的研究状况。     

超声波强化燃料油氧化脱硫技术的研究进展

分别从超声波氧化脱硫机理和工艺影响因素等方面对国内外超声波强化氧化法脱硫技术的研究进展进行了综述。指出超声波强化氧化脱硫是以提高不同相态间作用的物理过程进行,而非化学作用,该机理还需深入研究。     

燃料油氧化脱硫技术进展

综述了国内外燃料油氧化脱硫技术的研究进展,主要为以双氧水为氧化剂的氧化脱硫技术。分析了氧化脱硫技术存在的问题,并提出了氧化脱硫技术可改进的方向。认为氧化脱硫技术将成为今后生产超低硫清洁燃料油的主要工艺之一。     

轻质燃料油萃取/萃取精馏深度脱硫

为弥补加氢深度脱硫技术的不足,轻质燃料油的非加氢深度脱硫技术已成为目前的研究热点。本文介绍了萃取/萃取精馏深度脱硫技术的进展情况,包括技术优势,研究进展,工业应用,以及在应用中高效萃取剂的选取。     

离子液体在燃料油脱硫技术中的研究进展

就近年来离子液体在燃料油脱硫方面的应用进行了综述,并对离子液体萃取脱硫和萃取氧化耦合脱硫两种脱硫方法优缺点进行总结,最后指出离子液体在燃料油脱硫应用中存在的瓶颈问题及今后的发展方向。     

离子液体萃取燃料油脱硫技术的研究进展

分析了离子液体萃取脱硫机理以及离子液体的结构、硫化物类型、萃取温度、萃取时间、剂油比等因素对脱硫效果的影响规律,并对离子液体再生方式进行了比较。认为研究开发价格低廉、适于大规模工业化使用的离子液体、增大硫化物的萃取选择性、提高离子液体的再生利用率、完善工业化应用所必需的各种基础数据以及离子液体萃取脱硫技术与其它工艺的组合将是离子液体萃取脱硫技术今后发展的主要任务。     

燃油深度脱硫研究进展

随着国际燃油标准的不断提高,燃油低硫化的需求日益增长。氧化和吸附脱硫与加氢脱硫相比,能够节约投资和操作成本50%左右。对近年来这两种脱硫方法的科研成果进行了论述,主要涉及脱硫机理,氧化剂或吸附剂的制备及脱硫效果。催化氧化脱硫能脱除苯并噻吩和二苯并噻吩类化合物,难于脱除噻吩类化合物;吸附脱硫则因吸附剂的不同,含硫化合物的脱除顺序有所不同。基于这两种脱硫方法的不同特点,进一步提出了燃油深度脱硫的可行性方案。     

离子液体应用于燃油脱硫技术的研究进展

综述了离子液体在燃油脱硫中的研究情况;重点介绍了离子液体萃取脱硫法以及离子液体萃取结合氧化法在燃油脱硫中的应用,总结了其脱硫效果及影响因素,并对上述两类方法进行了对比;指出离子液体结合氧化脱硫技术具有良好的应用前景。     

Extractive Desulfurization of Fuel Oils with Thiazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

A new class of green solvents, known as ionic liquids (ILs), has recently been the subject of intensive research on the extractive desulfurization of fuel oils because of the limitation of the traditional hydrodesulfurization method in catalytically removing thiophenic sulfur compounds. In this work, four thiazolium-based ILs, that is, 3-butyl-4-methylthiazolium dicyanamide ([BMTH][DCA]), 3-butyl-4-methylthiazolium thiocyanate ([BMTH][SCN]), 3-butyl-4-methylthiazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMTH][PF₆]), and 3-butyl-4-methylthiazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMTH][BF₄]), are synthesized. The extractive capability of these ILs in removing thiophene (TS) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) from model fuel oils is investigated. [BMTH][DCA] and [BMTH][SCN] present better extractive desulfurization capability than [BMTH][BF₄] and [BMTH][PF₆], which may be ascribed to the additional π?π interaction between –C≡N (in [BMTH][DCA] and [BMTH][SCN]) and thiophenic ring (in TS and DBT); DBT in diesel fuel is more efficiently extracted than TS in gasoline. [BMTH][DCA] offers the best desulfurization results, where 64% and 45% sulfur removal are obtained for DBT and TS, respectively, at IL:oil mass ratio of 1:1, 25°C, 20 min. [BMTH][DCA] is thus selected to systematically investigate the effects of temperature, IL:oil mass ratio, initial sulfur content, multiple-extraction, and IL regeneration on desulfurization. The mutual solubility of [BMTH][DCA] with fuel oil is also determined. It is observed that the desulfurization capability is not too sensitive to temperature and initial sulfur content, which is desired in industrial application; the sulfur contents in gasoline and diesel fuel are reduced from 558 ppm to 20 ppm (after 5 cycles) and from 547 ppm to 8 ppm (after 4 cycles), respectively. This work may show a new option for deep desulfurization of fuel oils.     

重质燃料油掺水的研究

本文简述了乳化油的制备方法及其热值的测定法以及复合乳化剂的组成，并论述了乳化油热值与其它因素的关系。研制的ＥＡ－３型重油乳化剂生产工艺简单。实验结果表明，在节能，防止环境污染等方面，它是一种性能良好的重油乳化剂。     

焦化燃料油的生产工艺

利用现有焦油蒸馏设备,通过局部改造,实现了燃料油的生产。增加了焦化新产品,满足了客户的要求,为企业创造了效益,减轻了环境污染。     

废塑料催化裂解制燃料油的研究

阐述了废塑料催化裂解的工艺过程原理和催化剂在催化裂解过程中的催化原理。并讨论催化剂的成分、酸性、孔隙结构、颗粒大小和催化反应温度对催化剂活性、裂解产物的分布和所得燃料油馏分品质的影响。     

柴油氧化脱硫技术研究进展

介绍了近年来柴油脱硫技术研究的进展情况,主委包括过氧化氢氧化脱硫、氧气催化氧化脱硫、超声波氧化脱硫和光化学氧化脱硫。分析了不河方法的优势及应用现状,与加氢脱硫技术相比,氧化脱硫将成为今后生产超低硫柴油的主要工艺之一。     

Extractive Desulfurization of Fuel Oils with Dicyano(nitroso)methanide-based Ionic Liquids

The inability of traditional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) to effectively remove aromatic sulfur compounds such as thiophene (TS) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) has called for alternative methods to be studied, among which extractive desulfurization using ionic liquids (ILs) has attracted increasing interest. In this work, we prepared a new IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyano(nitroso)methanide ([C₄mim][dcnm]), and investigated its extractive desulfurization for both model oils and real FCC gasoline, where model diesel fuel was composed of n-hexane and droplets of DBT and model gasoline was composed of n-hexane, toluene and droplets of TS. Other three [dcnm]-based ILs, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyano(nitroso)methanide ([C₂min][dcnm]), N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium dicyano(nitroso)methanide ([C₂mpyr][dcnm]), and N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium dicyano(nitroso)methanide ([C₄mpyr][dcnm]), were also comparatively investigated. These [dcnm]-based ILs have low viscosity which favors the mass transfer and reduces the extractive equilibrium time, also are fluorine-free which avoids the corrosion by hydrogen fluoride from anion decomposition that occurs generally in fluorine-containing ILs. The desulfurization ability follows the order [C₄min][dcnm] > [C₄mpyr][dcnm] > [C₂min][dcnm] > [C₂mpyr][dcnm]. Typically, [C₄min][dcnm] is capable of removing 66% DBT and 53% TS from their respective model oils after one cycle (initial 500 ppm S, 25°C, 15 min, mass ratio of IL:oil 1:1), and < 10 ppm S-content can be obtained after 4 cycles. It was observed interestingly that the S-content in real FCC gasoline can be reduced from initial 250 ppm to < 30 ppm after 6 cycles using [C₄min][dcnm] as extractive reagent, which is better than some previous results for real feedstocks. Mutual solubility, extractive temperature, IL:oil mass ratio, multiple extraction, initial S-content, and regeneration were also studied. These dcnm-based ILs are competitive extractive reagents compared with some other ILs to remove those aromatic S-compounds from fuel oils.