统计在设备事故分析中的应用

企业的经营由计划经济转为市场经济,统计工作在企业管理中越来越重要,过去几十年中,统计工作发挥了很大作用。起到了指导生产和为领导提供决策依据的作用。新形势下,如何更好地发挥统计工作在生产及设备管理中的指导作用。还有待于进一步探讨。     

统计方法在钙镁磷肥原料采样分析中的应用

采用统计方法 ,针对原料磷矿个体差异 ,解决磷矿采样的代表性。根据原料质量的波动 ,对确定的采样分析频率 ,估算其平均值与实际值的差值 ,并为严格按照配方生产 ,计算折标消耗提供可靠的计算依据     

用统计方法在玻璃瓶生产中进行工序能力分析

介绍了统计方法在玻璃瓶生产企业中在控制产品质量方面的作用,重点介绍了工序能力分析方法。     

电炭行业标准化在企业生产和经营活动中的作用

简要介绍了我国标准化工作状况,电炭行业标准及电炭行业标准化在企业生产和经营活动中的作用。     

统计方法在烧碱蒸发工艺中的应用

控制出碱浓度的因素主要有两个:生蒸汽压力和真空度.通过整理统计资料、建立数学模型等统计分析方法找出了生蒸汽压力、真空度和出碱浓度三者之间的最佳关系.     

采购成本分析方法在企业中的运用

采购成本对企业的利润水平有着重要的影响。加强采购成本分析,降低采购成本,则是采购人员提供企业附加值最直接的方式。运用成本分析的方法,采用适当的策略,有效地控制采购成本,能够缓解成本压力,提升企业经营效益。     

一种基于多尺度分析的多变量统计过程监测方法

现有的多尺度主元分析方法为监测具有多尺度特性的工业过程提供了一种有效途径,但该方法还存在以下两个问题：一是采用了重构步骤使得需要建立的监测模型数大大增加;二是采用Haar小波进行小波变换,而Haar小波不连续从而对信号特征的刻画能力比较弱,为此,本文提出了根据故障尺度特征的分布特点修改原有的多尺度主元分析的框架,去除了重构步骤并具体给出了突变故障和振荡故障的定位和跟踪方法,还提出了采用sym小波进行多尺度分析并解决了边界效应的处理和信号对齐的计算等问题,在一个标准的CSTR仿真过程中验证了所提方法的有效性。     

异戊橡胶门尼粘度比对与统计分析

CNAS-RL02:2012《能力验证规则》中规定,申请认可和已获认可的实验室,根据检验领域和项目,选择1次/1年或1次2年的周期参加相关项目的能力验证或测量审核,没有能力验证计划的项目可选择与权威机构进行比对,也可以选择参加权威机构组织的实验室间比对,证明其检验项目在该领域的检验能力。在合成橡胶行业中对外具备国家资质的实验室不多,由于能力验证计划涉及的检验项目有限,为满足合成橡胶行业检验水平的提升和检验技术的进步,国家合成橡胶质量监督检验中心勇于承担社会责任,策划组织40家合成橡胶行业所属的实验室,开展了异戊橡胶门尼粘度的比对工作。比对结果统计与分析采用稳健统计技术,统计结果反映合成橡胶行业测试水平。异戊橡胶IR60、IR80门尼粘度实验室间的比对,各参加实验室使用门尼粘度标准物质校准门尼粘度计,Z值绝对值平均值均小于0.8,满意结果均在95%以上,没有出现离群值,各实验室的测试水平较以往有大幅度提升。     

The influence of some parameters on the surface roughness of thin copper foils using statistical analysis

The influence of nucleation potential, nucleation time, growth potential and substrate roughness on the surface roughness of thin copper foils deposited electrolytically on titanium substrates from a 83 g dm^–3 Cu²⁺ and 140 g dm^–3 H₂SO₄ solution at a temperature of 65 °C, using 2k⁴ factorial design, was studied. A mathematical model to determine the average surface roughness, a quality parameter of thin copper foils, was established. Statistical adjustment of the model enables its use in accurate prediction (error lower than 5%) of the average surface roughness of thin copper foils. The initial steps of copper nucleation and growth are particularly important for the quality of thin (18 m) copper foils, because during its manufacture, a rapid and homogeneous covering of the entire surface of the electrode becomes fundamental in order to obtain foils with a low surface roughness and a low degree of pinholes per unit area. Mechanisms for copper nucleation on titanium, based on the Thirsk and Harrison model for different experimental conditions, were determined with the aid of potentiostatic current transients. It was shown that the roughness of the thin copper foils is a function of not only the growth process, but also the nucleation process and that the lowest surface roughness is related to a pre-nucleation step at –0.590 V for 10 ms on a titanium substrate polished with 600-grit paper.     

基于核Fisher判别分析方法的非线性统计过程监控与故障诊断

化工过程中大量的生产数据反应了生产过程的内在变化和系统的运行状况,基于数据驱动的统计方法可以有效地对生产过程进行监控。对于复杂的化工和生化过程,其过程变量之间的相关关系往往具有很强的非线性特性,传统的线性统计过程监控方法显得无能为力。本文提出了基于核Fisher判别分析的非线性统计过程监控方法,首先利用非线性核函数将数据从原始空间映射到高维空间,在高维空间中利用线性的Fisher判别分析方法提取数据最优的Fisher特征矢量和判别矢量来实现过程监控与故障诊断,能有效地捕获过程变量之间的非线性关系,通过对流化催化裂化（FCCU）过程的仿真表明该方法的有效性。     

Diffusion coefficient analysis method using data statistical processing to reduce interference fringe noise effects

We proposed a simple statistical analysis method of minute concentration changes for measuring diffusion coefficient with reduced interference fringe noise effect. In the “Soret-Facet Mission,” the one-dimensional diffusion equation discretized by the finite difference method was applied for temporal homogenization processes of the minute concentration gradient induced by the Soret effect with random noises. Measured diffusion coefficient D_exp was determined by evaluating the obtained apparent diffusion coefficient distributions D. The measured value D_exp obtained by the proposed processes was found to be valid because the measured value D_exp was close to the theoretical one D_th calculated by the Darken equation and the reference one D_ref calculated in” Facet Mission” in the same solution system, respectively. In addition, by analyzing about 1/16th of the total field of view, it was possible to obtain a diffusion coefficient that are more than 95% convergent for the measured value D_exp obtained from the full field of view analysis.     

统计分析在企业节水节能管理中的应用

统计分析是企业经营管理过程控制的关键手段,可为企业实现节水节能提供科学依据。作者通过时中国石油吉林石化公司动力厂年度、月度和日用水量进行统计分析,明确了节水节能方向,并通过采取有效的技改措施,实现了节水节能目标和节水节能管理的良性发展。     

Study of gas–solids flow in a short CFB riser by statistical and chaotic deterministic analysis of optical fibre probe signals

In this work, a short CFB riser with a height of 2.42 m and an ID of 82 mm was operated under different dilute operating conditions to study the fluid dynamics of FCC catalyst particles (d_p = 80 µm, ρ_p = 902 kg/m³) in air. The electrical signals from the optical fibre probe were sampled at a frequency of 1000 Hz for a period of 30 s and were obtained at different positions along the radius and height of the riser. Data were analysed using both statistical methods (time average, standard deviation and frequency distribution) and chaos methods (construction of attractors; correlation dimension, D_ML; and Kolmogorov entropy, K_ML). Some results on solids holdup deduced from the electrical signal are also presented for the developed zone of the riser. It was verified that for very dilute conditions, increasing gas velocity produces more complex and less predictable fluctuations in solids concentration, while increasing solids flux generally reduces complexity and increases predictability. However, results for the most dilute condition used shows that for the radial position where solids holdup is higher (near the wall), the increase in solids concentration does not affect the mean free path of the particles, resulting in higher values of D_ML than in the dilute region (core). © 2012 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering     

运用统计技术分析磷矿对磷酸二铵质量的影响

江西贵溪化肥有限责任公司在磷矿质量不断下降的情况下,DAP产品总养分从64％降到62％。运用统计技术分析图分析DAP产品质量下降的原因和准备采取的技改措施,以求在磷矿质量下降的情况下能生产出质量尽可能高的DAP产品。