室温固化型水性环氧防腐涂料的研制

以BPO为引发剂,用α-甲基丙烯酸与E-44型环氧树脂接枝共聚反应合成了环氧-丙烯酸多元接枝共聚物,并用有机酸中和剂调节pH为7～8,制得水性环氧-丙烯酸乳液,进一步制得水性环氧涂料。涂膜固化中用新型低分子水性聚酰胺固化剂加适量促进剂使固化反应在室温下进行。通过测定该涂料的各项性能,结果表明,该涂料附着力、耐冲击性、耐腐蚀性等各项性能良好且施工简单又环保,适用于不能加热的金属底材的防护。     

食品罐头内壁用丙烯酸环氧树脂涂料

由丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯和苯乙烯组成的混合单体,采用过氧化苯甲酰作引发剂,通过溶液聚合法制得丙烯酸共聚物。用其改性环氧树脂制备的食品罐头内壁涂料与酚醛-环氧树脂涂料比较,涂层附着力和柔韧性,尤其在较大厚度范围内的耐加工性能更为优良。     

快干型常温自固化水性环氧树脂乳液的制备及性能研究

首先利用亚麻油酸、月桂酸与环氧树脂的酯化反应制备环氧酯,再通过自由基聚合接枝反应引入有机硅烷单体、苯乙烯和丙烯酸酯类单体化合物,合成了一种常温自交联干燥的水性环氧树脂。利用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、热重分析(TGA)、凝胶色谱(GPC)、Zeta电位分析测试仪对水性环氧树脂的分子结构和乳液性能进行测试分析,并对其涂层性能进行表征。结果表明:该水性环氧树脂具有很好的自固化成膜特性、附着力、耐冲击性、耐水性,可作为水性涂料的成膜树脂使用。     

接枝改性法制备水性环氧阻燃涂料

用过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)作为引发剂,引发接枝单体甲基丙烯酸(MAA)与母体环氧树脂E-44在水溶液中共聚制备接枝共聚物,进而用氨水调节其pH值至7～8,制得环氧-丙烯酸接枝共聚乳液,再加入阻燃剂聚磷酸铵(APP)进一步制得水性环氧阻燃涂料。制备水性环氧阻燃涂料的最佳工艺条件为BPO2%(质量分数,下同),MAA6%,APP6%,接枝共聚温度110℃,制备的水性环氧阻燃涂料具有较好的冲击强度(50kg·cm),良好的附着力(1级)和优异的阻燃性能,达到了B1级阻燃热固性塑料标准。     

甲基丙烯酸接枝环氧树脂的制备与性能测试

通过丙烯酸类单体与环氧树脂接枝共聚反应,在环氧树脂中引入强亲水性基团-COOH,制备水性环氧乳液。探索了不同单体用量和加水温度对所得水性乳液的pH值、黏度、粒径、水分散性和储存稳定性的影响;考察了涂膜固化条件对涂膜的附着力、耐冲击性、耐水性的影响。试验结果表明,随着甲基丙烯酸用量增加,所制备的水性环氧乳液水分散稳定性增强,pH值降低,粒径变小;随着加水温度的增加,储存稳定性变差;固化剂含量占环氧树脂含量的15%和固化温度为120℃时,涂膜的外观、附着力、耐冲击性、耐水性等综合性能最好。     

水基改性环氧树脂涂料的合成研究

研究了以环氧树脂Ｅ－ ４４（ 简称为环氧树脂） 为主要原料, 对水基改性环氧树脂涂料———环氧磷酸酯 丙烯酸接枝共聚物的合成反应, 探讨了丙烯酸及其酯, 苯乙烯和引发剂的用量,接枝反应温度, 接枝反应时间等因素对该接枝共聚物水分散稳定性的影响, 确定了较佳的工艺条件。并对该接枝共聚物进行了有关的产品性能和应用性能检测。     

热镀锌燃气管道外用环氧防腐涂料的制备及性能研究

探讨了不同种类的环氧树脂、不同种类的胺固化剂以及颜基比对热镀锌管基材涂层附着力、铅笔硬度、耐冲击性、耐酸性等性能的影响。研究表明:环氧树脂E-20-聚酰胺125体系可以降低涂层干燥时间,提高涂层在热镀锌管表面耐冲击性能至123.5 cm,同时耐酸试验后耐冲击性能仍达到95.5 cm;当涂层颜基比控制在1.8∶1时,涂层的综合性能达到最佳,耐酸试验前后各项性能均未下降,附着力均达到0级,耐冲击性能均达到162.5 cm。最终选用环氧树脂E-20为基体树脂,聚酰胺125作为固化剂,以1.8∶1的颜基比制备了一种适用于热镀锌燃气管道外用防护涂料,该涂料各项性能均明显优于CGAS001—2016《宽边管件连接涂覆燃气管道技术规程》中对环氧树脂涂料及涂层的技术要求。     

石墨烯水性环氧低锌防腐涂料的制备及电化学研究

选取溶液剥离法制备的石墨烯(PG)对水性环氧富锌涂料进行改性,取代富锌涂料中的部分锌粉,制备低锌含量的石墨烯水性环氧含锌涂料。研究了石墨烯掺量对涂层附着力、柔韧性、耐冲击性、耐中性盐雾、耐连续冷凝等性能的影响,及其电化学行为。结果表明:石墨烯可以明显改善涂层的力学性能及防腐性能,掺量0. 3%时涂层综合性能最佳,柔韧性为1 mm,耐冲击性为50 cm,划圈附着力为1级,耐中性盐雾、耐连续冷凝经1 500 h未出现明显的扩蚀、起泡、脱落及开裂等现象,与中间漆、面漆具有优异的匹配性。     

新型水性带锈防锈涂料的研究

采用环氧开环酯化法,以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、E-44环氧树脂、没食子酸为原料,制备了一种复合型没食子酸酯转锈剂,考察了催化剂、温度、反应时间对转锈剂性能的影响。采用自制转锈剂制备了水性带锈防锈涂料,考察了不同乳液、转锈剂用量、涂料颜基比对水性带锈防锈涂料性能的影响,并通过测试漆膜的附着力、耐冲击性、耐盐水性及低温稳定性来优选配方。结果表明:优选苯乙烯丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液为主要成膜物质,三聚磷酸铝、磷酸锌、铁黄为防锈颜料,滑石粉、绢云母为防锈填料,转锈剂用量为1%,涂料颜基比为2.5时,涂膜可以实现对钢铁的长效防腐。     

水基改性环氧树脂涂料的合成研究

研究了以环氧树脂Ｅ－４４为主要原料，对水基改性环氧树脂涂料－环氧磷酸酯－丙烯酸接枝共聚物的合成反应，探讨了丙烯酸及其酯，苯乙烯和引发剂的用量，接枝反应温度，接枝反应时间等因素对该接枝共聚物水分散稳定性的影响，确定了较佳的工艺条件。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。