浅析管理模式和商业模式的创新设计

本文在理解管理模式和商业模式设计创新的基本原理和内在意义的基础上,简述了管理模式和商业模式的基本概念和目的：讨论了管理模式和商业模式中业务系统的内容、作用：利用管理和商业模式创新设计的方法,以外贸企业为例,浅析了管理和商业模式设计与应用：分析了外贸企业的业务系统和盈利模式以及相应管理模式和商业模式的创新设计。     

城市湿地恢复与重建

本文讲述了湿地、城市湿地和湿地恢复的含义及城市湿地效益形成和类型,介绍了湿地恢复和重建的条件和模式,论述了国内外对湿地和城市湿地研究的状况及我国现阶段的研究和发展与世界先进水平的差距。揭示了城市湿地对我国经济和社会可持续发展的必要性和重要性。     

浅谈实验室管理中关注客户和服务客户的相关要求

检测和校准实验室规定的质量方针和质量目标都包括了关注客户和服务客户的相关内容,在实验室管理中按照对其提供承认的组织的要求,为更好地满足客户的要求与期望,应了解国际标准ISO/IEC17025∶ 2005和认可准则CNAS-CL01∶ 2006中关注客户和服务客户的相关要求.为了便于学习和掌握本文就其明确提出关注客户和服务客户相关要求的内容和条款,从五个方面加以描述.     

计量学的世纪变迁 质量单位千克与物质的量摩尔定义的历史、现状和发展趋势(一)

一、质量单位千克的概念和定义1.质量单位的物理概念质量是物理学中最基本的概念之一,它的含义和内容随着科学的发展而不断完善和加深。大至天体和星系的宏观世界,小至原子和基本粒子的微观世界,凡是物质都     

RND随机函数的使用与探究

主要探讨在VB程序设计中,Rnd随机函数的使用方法及其存在的缺点和问题,并对随机函数在编程应用中如何改进和优化进行分析和设计,对于程序设计和教学具有非常重要的参考和借鉴意义。     

浅析数控技术和装备的发展趋势

在当今世界,装备工业的技术水平和现代化程度就决定着整个国民经济的水平和现代化程度。数控技术和装备是发展新兴高新技术产业和尖端工业的使能技术和最基本的装备。只有广泛的采用数控技术和装备,才能大幅度的提高制造能力和水平,提高市场的适应能力和竞争能力,就数控技术和装备的发展趋势进行简单的分析。     

国际贸易便利化与标准化教材开发研究

本文基于对联合国贸易便利化和电子业务中心成熟的国际贸易标准化理论和成果的分析,结合国内国际贸易标准化科研和教学的实际情况,探讨开发国际贸易标准化系列教材的需求,面向不同培训需求和对象提出了国际贸易便利化与标准化教材的设计和开发思路,目的是促进我国国际贸易标准化师资力量的培养和标准化成果在我国的推广和应用。     

高精度电平测量及分析

本文针对于射频和微波信号源和衰减器的计量和校准,就功率的绝对电平和相对电平的测试方法,测量仪器以及不确定度分析等方面进行探讨和研究.     

某轻型货车的总体设计

以某公司全新开发的底盘为研究对象,分析了总体设计参数和达到的指标。重点分析了车架方案和动力总成和主要部件。通过分析和方案论证,达到了设计参数要求和指标。为零部件设计提供指导方向和设计硬点的确定,为下一步的设计开发工作提供了有利依据。     

序

发展可再生能源和清洁能源是未来解决全球气候变暖和能源环境问题的核心所在,也是各国实现节能减排和低碳发展的重要手段.炭材料由于具有多种结构形态和资源的丰富性,而且具有较高的稳定性和导电性,以及其他优异性能.可以在多种新型能源转化和储运中得到应用.     

Unraveling the complexity of driving while intoxicated: a study into the prevalence of psychiatric and substance abuse comorbidity

Objective

Research is beginning to provide an indication of the co-occurring substance abuse and mental health needs for the driving under the influence (DUI) population. This study aimed to examine the extent of such psychiatric problems among a large sample size of DUI offenders entering treatment in Texas.

Methods

This is a study of 36,373 past year DUI clients and 308,714 non-past year DUI clients admitted to Texas treatment programs between 2005 and 2008. Data were obtained from the State's administrative dataset.

Results

Analysis indicated that non-past year DUI clients were more likely to present with more severe illicit substance use problems, while past year DUI clients were more likely to have a primary problem with alcohol. Nevertheless, a cannabis use problem was also found to be significantly associated with DUI recidivism in the last year. In regards to mental health status, a major finding was that depression was the most common psychiatric condition reported by DUI clients, including those with more than one DUI offence in the past year. This cohort also reported elevated levels of Bipolar Disorder compared to the general population, and such a diagnosis was also associated with an increased likelihood of not completing treatment. Additionally, female clients were more likely to be diagnosed with mental health problems than males, as well as more likely to be placed on medications at admission and more likely to have problems with methamphetamine, cocaine, and opiates.

Conclusions

DUI offenders are at an increased risk of experiencing comorbid psychiatric disorders, and thus, corresponding treatment programs need to cater for a range of mental health concerns that are likely to affect recidivism rates.     

Refrigeration and its influence on the world food supply now and in the future

There is a clear trend towards a lower rate of increase in world population. If the present trend continues the food supply will be sufficient for the foreseeable future. However, urbanization will also continue and distribution problems will become tremendous. Refrigeration, therefore, will continue to play an important role in solving the world food distribution problem. Mankind today is facing greater and greater problems with wealth distribution. As far as food is concerned we have a physical distribution problem. The technical distribution problems, however, are much easier to solve than the problems related to wealth distribution.

Résumé

There is a clear trend towards a lower rate of increase in world population. If the present trend continues the food supply will be sufficient for the foreseeable future. However, urbanization will also continue and distribution problems will become tremendous. Refrigeration, therefore, will continue to play an important role in solving the world food distribution problem. Mankind today is facing greater and greater problems with wealth distribution. As far as food is concerned we have a physical distribution problem. The technical distribution problems, however, are much easier to solve than the problems related to wealth distribution.     

Experiences of First‐Year Engineering Students Working on Ill‐Structured Problems in Teams

Background

As engineers solve problems that are ill‐structured and require collaboration, a common goal of engineering programs is to develop students' competencies for solving such problems in teams, often using cornerstone design experiences.

Purpose

With the goal of designing effective learning environments, this study identifies qualitatively different ways that engineering students experienced ill‐structured problems while working in teams.

Design/Method

This phenomenographic study employs interview data from 27 first‐year engineering students. Iterative data analysis resulted in categories of student experiences and their logical relationships.

Results

Seven categories describing collaborative, ill‐structured problem‐solving experiences emerged: completion, transition, iteration, organization, collaboration, reasoning, and growth. These categories are organized in an outcome space along dimensions we call reaction to ambiguity and use of multiple perspectives that can be used to frame students' perspectives from less comprehensive to more comprehensive.

Conclusions

First‐year engineering students experience team‐based, ill‐structured problem solving in a variety of ways. The resulting outcome space is of practical use to educators who teach courses involving collaborative, ill‐structured problem solving.     

大型空分卧式主冷凝蒸发器的应用

卧式主冷凝蒸发器构想的由来，唐钢40000空分装置的卧式主冷在设计中遇到的问题以及在40000等级以上大型空分装置的推广。     

Direct determination of asymptotic structural postbuckling behaviour by the finite element method

Application of the finite element method to Koiter's asymptotic postbuckling theory often leads to numerical problems. Generally it is believed that these problems are due to locking of non-linear terms of different orders. A general method is given here that explains the reason for the numerical problems and eliminates these problems. The reason for the numerical problems is that the postbuckling stresses are inaccurately determined. By including a local stress contribution, the postbuckling stresses are calculated correctly. The present method gives smooth postbuckling stresses and shows a quick convergence of the postbuckling coefficients. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

KDONAr-6000/13000/120型空分设备扩容改造

介绍了6000m3/h空分设备扩容改造为7300m3/h空分设备的改造内容和改造后的性能指标,详细分析了改造后的经济效益,提出了改造后空分设备尚存在的问题和建议。     

10000m~3/h制氧装置能力挖潜的可行性及实施效果

分析了 10 0 0 0m3/h制氧装置能力挖潜的可行性及具体实施过程中可能出现的问题 ;介绍了挖潜改造中一些具体问题的处理措施 ;最后通过经济分析总结了能力挖潜的效益。     

鲁化28000m~3/h空分设备工程设计问题浅析

总结在鲁化28000m3/h空分设备安装过程中,气体压缩机系统、空气预冷系统和精馏塔系统等出现的一些设计问题,分析后提出了相应的解决方法。     

KDON-3000/300型空分设备扩容改造

简介了 30 0 0m3/h空分设备扩容改造为 5 330m3/h空分设备的改造方案、内容和改造后空分设备的性能指标 ;详细分析了改造后的经济效益 ;最后指出了改造后设备尚存在的问题     

Substance use and social,health and safety-related factors among fatally injured drivers

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine different socio-demographic, health and safety-related factors, and psychoactive substance use among fatally injured drivers in road traffic accidents in Finland during 2006–2008.

Methods

An accident information register maintained by the Traffic Safety Committee of Insurance Companies (VALT) of the Finnish Motor Insurers’ Centre was used as basic data, and the basic data were complemented with further toxicological analytical information retrieved from autopsy reports from the Department of Forensic Medicine, Helsinki University. The data included all the drivers (n = 556) who were driving a motor vehicle and who died in a road traffic accident in Finland during 2006–2008.

Results

Of all the 556 fatally injured drivers 43% (n = 238) had psychoactive substance findings. 51% (n = 121) of substance positive drivers had a finding for alcohol only, the rest had a finding for one or more illicit/medicinal drugs impairing driving ability, and possibly also alcohol. Fatally injured drivers with alcohol findings were significantly younger (mean age 34 years) than sober drivers (mean age 44 years) or drivers with findings for drugs (mean age 45 years). Socio-demographic background did not differ substantially among drunken/drugged and sober drivers, although drivers with alcohol findings had a slightly lower education and socioeconomic position. Previous substance abuse problems were highly prevalent among drivers with substance findings and mental or both mental and physical health problems were more common among drivers with drug findings. The non-use of safety equipment and driving at a high speed were more common among fatally injured drivers with substance findings.

Conclusions

Substance abuse and mental health problems, as well as reckless driving behavior were more pronounced among fatally injured drivers with substance findings when compared to sober drivers. Thus, prevention and early intervention concerning substance abuse, mental health problems and DUI are essential. Improved traffic safety cannot be achieved by means of traffic policy only, but integration with other policies, such as health and social policy should be strengthened.