Fenton氧化+水解酸化+接触氧化+MBR工艺处理船舶含油废水实例

针对船舶含油污水所具有的高含油量、高COD、可生化性低的特点,设计“隔油+气浮+Fenton氧化+混凝沉淀+水解酸化+接触氧化+MBR+消毒”的污水处理工艺进行处理。项目运行结果显示,该工艺对船舶含油污水具有较好的处理效果,实际处理污水9.9×10⁴ m³/a,COD、氨氮的去除率达98.00%和98.30%,出水水质满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准。     

某工业污水处理厂尾水臭氧氧化中试研究

以江苏省某化工园区污水处理厂“MBR+活性炭”工艺出水和 MBR 工艺出水为试验水质,采用 2 套中试装置,分别探究臭氧氧化、臭氧均相催化氧化、臭氧溶气均相催化氧化的处理方法对两种工艺出水 COD 的去除效果。结果表明,臭氧溶气均相催化氧化方法在中试稳定运行 4 d 期间,在“MBR+活性炭”工艺出水平均 COD 约为 42 mg/L 条件下,最终出水平均 COD 约为 23 mg/L,平均投加去除比( O₃/ ΔCOD) 约为 2.58 ∶ 1。在 MBR 工艺出水平均 COD 约为 85 mg / L 条件下,最终出水平均 COD 约为 44 mg / L,平均投加去除比( O₃/ΔCOD) 约为 3.37 ∶ 1。     

倒置A~2/O+MBR处理矿区生活污水的运行特性

介绍了倒置A2/O+MBR工艺处理矿区生活污水工程的设计与调试,考察了工艺的运行特性、膜污染控制方法及效果。结果表明,倒置A2/O+MBR工艺处理生活污水的效果稳定高效,抗冲击负荷能力强,出水COD、SS、NH3-N、TN、TP、BOD5等主要水质指标可达到和优于国家城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准;MLSS质量浓度在9 000 mg/L以下,保持SRT为30 d条件下,在线清洗和体外化学清洗可保证污水处理系统的正常稳定运行。倒置A2/O+MBR工艺处理矿区生活污水具有较大的适用性,可大规模推广应用。     

UBF+A/O+MBR组合工艺在化工废水处理中的实际应用

采用UBF+A/O+MBR组合工艺对某石油化工企业车间废水进行处理,介绍了工艺流程、主要构筑物及设计参数、工程运行和成本情况。运行效果表明,COD去除率高达98.97%,NH3-N去除率在96.91%左右,该工艺具有很好的处理能力且运行稳定,处理出水水质能达到国家综合污水排放标准(GB 8978-96)二级标准。     

宁夏全区首个农村集镇污水处理厂投入使用

正宁夏首个农村集镇污水处理厂在大战场镇投入使用。该污水处理厂的投用将大幅提高区域污水处理能力,改善地表水环境,提升农村集镇环境质量,对改善当地黄河流域水质具有积极作用。大战场镇农村集镇污水处理厂核心工艺采用"AA/O+MBR膜+消毒"工艺,出水水质执行一级A标准,主要污染物COD、氨氮达到地表准     

某医药废水膜生物反应器处理工艺中水回用工程实例

某医药废水经过综合调节+好氧+MBR膜生物反应器工艺处理后,调试和运行结果表明,废水中COD和氦氮的去除率分别达到9295%;出水COD、NH3-N,PH等指标均满足《污水再生利用-城市杂用水水质》(GB/T 18920-2002)规定要求,可进行中水回用。     

两级A/O+MBR组合工艺处理胶囊生产废水

采用混凝沉淀+两级A/O+MBR+活性炭过滤组合工艺处理胶囊生产废水。运行结果表明,系统对主要的污染物COD和氨氮的平均去除率分别达到了97.1%和98.1%,处理后出水水质达到城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准。该工艺运行效果稳定,可为同类胶囊生产废水处理工艺路线选择提供参考。     

不同水处理工艺在污水处理厂中的应用

介绍了无锡某城市污水处理厂正在运行的CAST工艺、倒置A~2/O工艺、一体化MBR工艺的基本情况,工艺流程及核心单元的设计。总结了3种工艺的技术特点,通过对历史运行情况的总结,针对性地提出了不同工艺的优化运行方案。通过对近2年的水质化验数据的分析,比较了3种工艺对COD、NH_4~+-N、TN和TP的去除效果。结果表明,倒置A~2/O工艺和一体化MBR工艺对污染物的去除效果优于CAST工艺,且前2种工艺处理污水均能100%达标排放,出水COD平均低于26.1 mg/L,NH_4~+-N、TN、TP的质量浓度分别低于0.445、7.69、0.194 mg/L,优于设计标准,且具有更好的脱氮除磷功能。而在日常运行过程中,CAST工艺出水NH_4~+-N、TN和TP存在超标风险。     

UASB—MBR—NF/RO工艺处理焚烧发电厂垃圾渗滤液

针对某垃圾焚烧发电厂垃圾渗滤液的特点,采用上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)—外置式膜生物反应器(MBR)—NF/RO组合工艺进行零排放处理,设计处理规模为300 m³/d。运行结果表明,UASB—MBR—NF/RO组合工艺对COD、NH₃-N和电导率的去除率分别为99.98%、99.97%、95.36%。出水水质COD≤13.9 mg/L、NH₃-N≤0.69 mg/L、Cl^-≤175.19 mg/L,均满足《城市污水再生利用工业用水水质》(GB/T 19923—2005)中敞开式循环冷却水系统补水标准要求。采用UASB—MBR—NF/RO工艺处理垃圾渗滤液时,UASB阶段的COD去除率为89.70%,MBR阶段的NH₃-N去除率为98.64%,NF/RO阶段的电导率去除率为92.69%。运行数据表明,该组合工艺中,COD主要在UASB中被去除,MBR主要去除NH₃-N,NF/RO系统主要对污水进行脱盐并进一步去除污水中的离子。该组合工艺运行稳定,污染物去除率...     

MBR和BAF用于城市污水深度处理的工艺特性比较

采用膜生物反应器(MBR)和曝气生物滤池(BAF)2种工艺分别对以生活污水为主的城市污水进行深度处理,以达到污水回用的目的.中试结果表明,在平均水温仅为5℃的情况下,MBR工艺的处理效果明显优于BAF,MBR_4~+工艺对COD、BOD＿5、NH_4~+-N和TP的去除率分别可以达到75%、92%、95%和90%,,而BAF对COD、BOD_5、NH_4~+_N和TP的去除率仅为70%、78%、29%和82%.经核算,MBR和BAF的污水处理运行费用分别为0.82元·m~(-3)和0.55元·m~(-3).与BAF相比,MBR具有处理效果优良、出水稳定、占地面积少,且维护管理方便等特点,因此,在以污水回用为目的的实际工程中推荐采用MBR工艺.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.