多频带的循环最小二乘波达方向估计

本文提出了一种针对循环平稳信号的多频带频域循环最小二乘波达方向估计算法，该算法有效地利用了循环平稳信号所提供的各个频带上谱相关的信息，提高了估计性能。文中依据所需循环平稳信号的谱相关性在整个系统带宽内变化较大这一特点，提出了一种简单而又有效的频带选择算法，在性能基本相同的情况下节省了计算量。     

低信噪比下周期平稳信号的稳健检测算法

本文提出了一种新的对周期平稳信号进行检测以及对二阶周期循环频率进行估计的算法。该算法利用信号的递归性质构造高阶自相关矩阵,并通过利用周期平稳信号与自相关矩阵特征值和特征向量的关系,对其进行检测以及对循环频率进行估计。传统检测周期平稳信号的算法是通过计算其循环自相关函数或循环谱实现,相比传统算法而言,本算法由于利用到了信号更多的先验信息,因而在较低信噪比以及较低快拍数下对周期平稳信号均能有较好的检测性能。文中仿真实验表明,本文所提算法估计出的伪循环谱相比传统方法估计出的循环谱更为平滑,在相同快拍和信噪比条件下,检测概率均高于传统方法,特别在低信噪比下对检测概率的改善更为明显。      

脉冲噪声环境下基于分数低阶循环相关的MUSIC算法

该文以稳定分布作为噪声模型,研究了脉冲噪声环境下循环平稳信号的波达方向估计问题。针对在脉冲噪声环境中基于传统2阶循环相关的算法效果显著退化的问题,该文提出了基于分数低阶循环相关的分数低阶循环MUSIC算法(FLOCC-MUSIC)。将分数低阶循环相关与MUSIC算法相结合,可以有效抑制脉冲噪声的同频带干扰。计算机仿真表明了此算法可有效完成高斯噪声和脉冲噪声条件下的波达方向估计,其性能优于传统的基于2阶循环相关的Cyclic-MUSIC。     

脉冲噪声环境下循环ESPRIT新方法

以a稳定分布作为噪声模型,研究了脉冲噪声环境下循环平稳信号的波达方向估计问题.针对在脉冲噪声环境中,基于传统二阶循环统计量的算法效果显著退化的问题,提出了分数低阶循环相关矩阵概念;并在此基础上,提出了分数低阶总体最小二乘(TLS)循环ESPRIT算法的2种形式.计算机仿真表明所提出的算法可有效地估计出脉冲噪声条件下的波达方向,其性能优于传统的基于二阶循环统计量的循环ESPRIT类算法,有潜在的应用前景.     

存在循环频率误差时的盲自适应波束形成

绝大多数通信信号都具有循环平稳特性，利用信号的循环平稳特性可以进行真正的盲自适应波束形成，例如CAB类算法以及基于特征空间的盲波束形成算法^[3]。但当循环频率存在误差时，上述算法的性能将急剧下降。本文提出一种改进算法，在估计循环相关短阵时引入遗忘因子可以大大降低算法对循环频率误差的敏感性，计算机仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。     

基于四阶循环累积量的DOA估计方法

提出了一种新的波达方向估计算法,该算法构造了一个“谱相关DOA矩阵”,并基于此矩阵进行DOA估计。理论分析表明,通过谱相关矩阵的特征值分解,就可以得到源信号的DOA,该方法不需要进行谱峰搜索,同时利用循环平稳特性,可以有效抑制平稳噪声和滤除与信号循环频率不同的干扰信号,从而大大提高了算法的检测能力。另外还给出了相干信号DOA解决方法。     

针对循环频率误差的稳健CAB算法

当循环频率估计存在误差时,循环自适应波束形成算法的性能会显著下降。针对这一不足,本文提出了对循环频率误差稳健的循环自适应波束形成算法。仿真实验表明,当存在循环频率误差时,本文提出的算法性能接近没有循环频率误差时循环自适应波束形成算法的性能。     

未知阵列流形条件下波达方向一多普勒频率盲估计方法

本文研究阵列信号高分辨波达方向-多普勒频率二维估计问题,在未精确已知阵列流形条件下,利用到达波信号的多普勒频率,提出了一种波达方向-多普勒频率盲估计的新方法。理论分析和计算机仿真结果表明此方法在实际阵列存在增益和相位误差时亦有效,而且与现有二维估计算法相比,其运算量较小。     

遗忘因子法改善盲自适应波束形成性能

绝大多数通信信号都具有循环平稳特性,利用信号的循环平稳特性可以进行真正的盲自适应波束形成,CAB类算法就是其中的一种,它的运算量较小,但鲁棒性不够强。文献中提到一种基于特征空间的盲波束形成算法,该算法将估计的导向矢量约束在信号子空间,提高了算法的收敛速度和鲁棒性。但当循环频率存在误差时,上述算法的性能将急剧下降。本文提出一种改进算法,在估计循环相关矩阵时引入遗忘因子可以大大降低算法对循环频率误差的敏感性,计算机仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。     

未知阵列流形条件下波达方向—多普勒频率盲估计方法

本文研究阵列信号高分辩波达方向－多普勒频率二维估计问题，在未精确已知阵列流形条件下，利用到达波信号的多普勒频率，提出了一种波达方向－多普勒频率盲估计的新方法，理论分析和计算机仿真结果表明此方法在实际阵列存在增益和相位误差时益有效，而且现有二维估计算法相比，其运算量较小。     

Robust adaptive array beamforming for cyclostationary signals undercycle frequency error

This paper deals with the problem of robust adaptive array beamforming for cyclostationary signals. By exploiting the signal cyclostationarity, the SCORE algorithms presented by Agee, Schell and Gardner (1990) have been shown to be effective in performing adaptive beamforming without requiring the direction vector of the desired signal. However, these algorithms suffer from severe performance degradation even if there is a small mismatch in the cycle frequency of the desired signal. In this paper, we first evaluate the performance of the SCORE algorithms in the presence of cycle frequency error (CFE). An analytical formula is derived to show the behavior of the performance degradation due to CFE. Based on the theoretical result, we then develop an efficient method in conjunction with the SCORE algorithms to achieve robust adaptive beamforming against the CFE. Several simulation examples for confirming the theoretical analysis and showing the effectiveness of the proposed method are also presented     

Robust cyclic adaptive beamforming using a compensation method

This paper deals with the problem of robust adaptive array beamforming using signal cyclostationarity. The constrained cyclic adaptive beamforming (C-CAB) algorithm presented by Wu and Wong (1996) [6] has been shown to be effective in performing adaptive beamforming without requiring the direction vector or the waveform of the desired signal. However, this algorithm suffers from severe performance degradation even if there is a small mismatch in the cycle frequency of the desired signal. In this paper, we first evaluate the performance degradation of the C-CAB algorithm in the presence of cycle frequency error (CFE). A novel compensation method in conjunction with the subspace projection is then proposed to tackle the problem due to CFE. We reconstruct the required cyclic conjugate correlation matrix by using a compensation matrix to cope with the deterioration of its dominant singular value when CFE exists. Finally, several simulation examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Direction-of-arrival estimation via exploitation ofcyclostationary-a combination of temporal and spatial processing

Many modulated communication signals exhibit a cyclostationarity (or periodic correlation) property, corresponding to the underlying periodicity arising from carrier frequencies or band rates. By exploiting cyclostationarity, i.e. evaluating the cyclic correlations of the received data at certain cycle frequencies, one can extract the cyclic correlations of only signals with the same cycle frequency and null out the cyclic correlations of stationary additive noise and all other cochannel interferences with different cycle frequencies. Thus, the signal detection capability can be significantly improved. An approach for exploiting cyclostationarity that is asymptotically exact for either narrowband or broadband sources, unlike previous methods, is proposed. The method also has significant implementational advantages over the earlier techniques. The simulation results indicate a significantly better performance in some environments     

Efficient robust adaptive beamforming for cyclostationary signals

This paper deals with the problem of robust adaptive array beamforming for cyclostationary signals. By exploiting the signal cyclostationarity, the LS-SCORE algorithm presented in a paper by Agee et al. (1990) has been shown to be effective in performing adaptive beamforming without requiring the direction vector of the desired signal. However, this algorithm suffers from severe performance degradation even if there is a small mismatch in the cycle frequency of the desired signal. In this paper, we first evaluate the performance of the LS-SCORE algorithm in the presence of cycle frequency error (CFE). An analytical formula is derived to show the behavior of the performance degradation due to CFE. An efficient method is then developed based on the fact that the array output power approaches its maximum as the CFE is reduced. We formulate the problem as an optimization problem for reducing the CFE iteratively to achieve robust adaptive beamforming against the CFE. Simulation examples for confirming the theoretical analysis and showing the effectiveness of the proposed method are provided     

Revisiting the timing and frequency offset estimation based on cyclostationarity with new improved method

Timing and frequency offset estimation based on the second order cyclostationarity have been explored in many literatures [1]- [9]. In this article, we revisit the class of these estimators and propose for both single carrier and OFDM systems, a new method for timing and frequency offset estimation. Different from the previous methods, here, the estimation of timing and frequency offset process are independent of each other. Thus it does not introduce propagation error which is inherent in most of the estimators proposed so far and has an improved performance. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify the results.     

Cyclostationarity-Based Frequency Synchronization for OFDM Systems Over Doubly-Selective Fading Channels

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems are highly sensitive to carrier frequency offset (CFO), especially in doubly-selective fading environment. Cyclostationarity-based blind synchronization methods are appealing in high-data-rate applications and low signal-to-noise regions. However, the cyclostationarity has not been exploited for frequency synchronization of OFDM systems under doubly-selective fading channels. In this paper, we derive the close-form second order cyclic statistics of the received OFDM signal in presence of CFO, by modeling the doubly-selective fading channel with basis expansion model. Both transmitter-induced cyclostationarity and doubly-selective channel information are contained in the derived cyclic moments, and they are efficiently utilized for CFO estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed estimator provides significant improvements on frequency synchronization performance.     

Cyclo-energy detector for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio

In this paper, a cyclo-energy detector is proposed for the spectrum sensing problem based on the cyclostationary signal analysis. The proposed detector can determine the existence of primary user by estimating the primary user's received power according to the cyclostationarity features of the secondary user. By using this detector, the secondary user does not need to stop transmitting signals when sensing the frequency spectrum. Simulation results are presented to confirm the performance of the proposed detector.     

Comment on "Tracking Performance of the Filter and Square Bit Synchronizer"

The method for evaluating the tracking performance in the above paper obliterates the contribution to the mean square error which is due to the cyclostationarity of the disturbances. Beside this, the pattern-dependent jitter has not been considered in the paper. Our results include the effect of cyclostationarity and the pattern-dependent jitter.     

A moment-based blind method for identification of FIR down-linkDS-CDMA channels

In order to achieve lower bit error rates (BERs), multiuser detection techniques have been proposed. Generally, multiuser detectors can provide excellent performance only when channel parameters are precisely known. In this paper, we propose a moment-based blind method to estimate down-link channels precisely. The mean square error (MSE) expression of the channel vector estimate has been derived. Through simulations, we show the effect of the channel estimation error on the performance of a multiuser detector. In this paper, we also show that finite impulse response (FIR) channels can be blindly identified by using the proposed method and the spreading operation. Since the spreading operation of the code division multiple access (CDMA) can induce cyclostationarity, any FIR channel can be identified by the proposed method. Of course, in order to guarantee identifiability, some conditions on the spreading codes will be satisfied. In this paper, these conditions are also found     

一种LOFDM系统定时和频偏的盲估计算法

基于网格正交频分复用(LOFDM)信号的周期平稳性,该文提出一种LOFDM系统定时和载波频率偏差的盲估计算法。理论分析和仿真实验证实由该算法构造的估计器能够有效地对抗频率选择性慢时变信道引起的衰落;在信道噪声广义平稳的情况下,估计器性能与信噪比无关,于是估计器在低信噪比条件下也能很好地工作;另外,符号定时和频率偏差估计器的性能互不影响。