不同PCBN刀具车削硼铸铁的对比研究

使用不同的立方氮化硼刀具材料(PCBN)和刀具结构,在相同加工参数下,对硼铸铁进行切削加工试验,并对比其加工效果。结果表明:同粗粒度的PCBN刀具相比,细粒度的PCBN刀具加工所得的工件表面粗糙度较低,且刀具本身的耐磨性较高;在切削过程中,随着进给量的增大,工件表面粗糙度也增大;PCBN刀具的负倒棱宽度对加工硼铸铁的切削温度和后刀面磨损有较大影响,负倒棱宽度增加,切削温度和刀具磨损增加,而倒棱角度对刀具和切削过程影响有限。     

Al添加量对PcBN复合片显微结构和性能的影响

将cBN微粉添加体积分数为5%、10%、15%、20%的Al粉进行高温高压烧结制备出PcBN复合片。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜分析PcBN复合片的物相组成和显微结构,并研究其磨耗比和抗冲击性能。结果表明,PcBN层主要由cBN晶粒和AlN组成。随着Al粉添加量的增加,AlN的体积分数逐步增加,PcBN复合片的性能也发生相应变化。Al粉添加量为体积分数10%时,PcBN复合片的磨耗比为21 842,冲击次数超过100次,综合性能最好。     

Influence of nitrogen implantation into HSS substrate on internal stress and adhesion strength of c-BN films

Cubic boron nitride(c-BN) films were deposited on HSS substrate implanted with nitrogen ion by RF-magnetron sputtering. The films were analyzed by bending beam method, scratch test, XRD and AFM. The results show that the implantation of N ion can reduce the internal stress and improve the adhesion strength of the films.The critical load comes to 16.92N, compared to 1.75N of c-BN film on the unimplanted HSS. AFM shows that the surface of the c-BN film on the implanted HSS is low in roughness and small in grain size. The phase structure of the nitrogen implanted layer was analyzed by XRD. The influence of nitrogen implanted layer on the internal stress and adhesion strength of c-BN films were also investigated.     

Synthesis and characterization of cubic boron nitride thin films using the ME-ARE method

Cubic boron nitride (cBN) films were deposited by a magnetically enhanced activated reactive evaporation (ME-ARE) technique. Pulsed DC instead of r.f. power was used to bias the substrate. The effect of deposition parameters such as substrate bias voltage, plasma discharge current and gas flow ratio on the formation of cBN was investigated. BN films were characterized by FTIR and TEM. CBN films with a high content of cubic phase were successfully synthesized. It was found that formation of cBN film requires the bombardment of ions with both high flux and high energy. TEM observation showed that the cBN film had grain sizes of 15-50 nm and that a non-cubic phase BN, 10-15 nm was initially grown.     

Influence of cubic boron nitride grinding on the fatigue strengths of carbon steels and a nickel-base superalloy

The influence of cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding on fatigue strength was investigated on an annealed carbon steel, a quenched and tempered carbon steel at room temperature, and a nickel-base superalloy, Inconel 718, at room temperature and 500 °C. The results were discussed from several viewpoints, including surface roughness, residual stress, and work hardening or softening due to CBN grinding. The fatigue strength increased upon CBN grinding at room temperature, primarily because of the generation of compressive residual stress in the surface region. However, in the case of Inconel 718, this marked increase in the fatigue strength tended to disappear at the elevated temperature due to the release of compressive residual stress and the decrease of crack growth resistance at an elevated temperature.     

Effect of workpiece sulphur content on the degradation of a PCBN tool material

Tool degradation may be significantly different depending on small variations in chemical compositions of the workpiece material. The present study is an in-depth microstructure investigation of worn low content polycrystalline cubic boron nitride tool materials after dry hard turning of steels with low and high sulphur contents. The results illustrate the important role of sulphur content on the degradation of the crater zone. Sulphides tend to adhere on the wear surface and form layers that protect the tool from workpiece ingress. In the absence of sulphides in the workpiece material, no protective layer can form and iron compounds make their way into the tool microstructure already at lower cutting speeds (150 m/min) and preferably attack cBN grains compared to Ti(C,N) grains.     

激光低速切割对热影响区宽度和表面粗糙度的影响

设计AISI 316L不锈钢激光低速切割实验,研究在较低切割速度条件下,切割表面热影响区宽度和表面粗糙度的变化规律,提出适用于生产制造的激光切割工艺参数。研究发现:切割速度对表面粗糙度、热影响区宽度和表面宏观缺陷有显著影响;随着切割速度的降低,热影响区宽度随之增加;如果对切割表面的表面质量要求不高,且不再对切割表面进行再加工,建议采用最大切割速度;如果对表面质量要求高于对热影响区宽度的要求,则建议采用低于最大切割速度的切割速度。     

不同工艺下马氏体不锈钢组织演变及其对表面光洁度和耐蚀性的影响

通过金相、SEM和TEM观察,表面粗糙度测试和电化学实验方法,对经过不同温度淬火和回火的国产Cr13型马氏体不锈钢的微观组织演变及其对材料硬度,表面光洁度和耐蚀性能的影响进行了分析研究.结果表明,马氏体是基体中的主要相,当回火温度为650℃时,铁素体变成基体中的主要相,随着回火温度的提高,不锈钢基体组织发生了由回火马氏体到回火索氏体的演变.回火后,材料的硬度降低,当回火温度达到650℃,材料硬度降至22 HRC,其表面光洁度大幅度降低.同时,回火材料的耐点蚀性能低于淬火态材料,且随着回火温度的提高,马氏体不锈钢的点蚀电位降低,并在500℃时达到最差.     

回火温度对贝氏体耐磨钢组织和性能的影响

对贝氏体耐磨钢进行控轧控冷+回火工艺,探究不同温度回火后贝氏体耐磨钢的组织演变和性能。结果表明,经控轧控冷工艺和200℃回火后,试验钢获得较为理想的无碳化物贝氏体/马氏体复相组织,组织中包含8.7%(体积分数)的残留奥氏体。该工艺下钢板获得较好的强韧性匹配,屈服强度达到1172 MPa,抗拉强度达到1613 MPa,断后伸长率达到19.4%,-20℃冲击吸收能量为47 J,并可满足NM500级别的硬度要求。520℃回火后大量粗大碳化物析出,且残留奥氏体基本分解完毕,导致钢板强韧性下降。     

Electropolishing of 304 stainless steel: Interactive effects of glycerol content, bath temperature, and current density on surface roughness and morphology

In this study, surface roughness of 304 stainless steel (304SS) varying from ca. 7 to 45 nm can be controlled by changing electropolishing variables in glycerol-containing baths. On the basis of the adsorbate-acceptor mechanism and the model for preferential adsorption of shielding molecules, incorporating the molecular interaction concept is helpful to explain the interactive effects of glycerol content, bath temperature, and current density on the surface roughness (Ra) and morphologies of 304SS. In order to easily understand how to control the surface roughness of 304SS in the glycerol-containing electrolyte, a simplified scheme integrating the above two mechanisms was proposed. From the atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses, a rough surface is easily obtained by electropolishing at high bath temperatures, which endows the 304SS substrate with pores.     

TMCP工艺对汽车大梁用钢组织和性能的影响

为揭示热机械轧制工艺(TMCP)对汽车大梁用钢组织和力学性能的影响规律,对成分为0.08C-1.40Mn-0.02Nb的钢进行了TMCP处理,用SANS万能材料拉伸试验机测试了力学性能,利用NEOPHOT-2100型光学显微镜进行微观组织观察。结果表明,随终轧温度和卷取温度升高,试验钢组织中等轴状铁素体晶粒增多,珠光体含量减少,且晶粒长大,导致钢的强度降低,伸长率升高;相比水冷、空冷时晶粒较粗大,强度和伸长率均较低。     

温度和外加电位对X70管线钢在土壤模拟溶液中应力腐蚀行为的影响

采用动电位扫描、慢应变拉伸（SSRT）和扫描电镜观察研究了温度和外加电位对X70管线钢在成都土壤模拟溶液中的应力腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,在不同温度和不同电位下,X70管线钢在土壤模拟溶液中表现出不同的应力腐蚀敏感性。在温度和外加电位的交互试验中,电位的变化对X70管线钢在成都土壤模拟溶液中的应力腐蚀敏感性的影响占主导地位,应力腐蚀敏感性在不同温度下的变化趋势保持一致。在－450 mV(vs SCE,下同)的阳极电位下,SCC的机理为阳极溶解;在－850 mV电位下,阴极保护作用抑制了阳极溶解;当电位负移至－1200 mV时,表现出较强的应力腐蚀敏感性,SCC机理以氢脆为主。温度对应力腐蚀敏感性的影响主要体现在对阴极极化电位的影响,但是各种因素综合在一起导致应力腐蚀敏感性随温度变化的复杂性。     

Influence of the roughness geometry of tool surface and the flow stress of coated solid lubricants on tribo-conditions in cold forging

In cold die forging, a sever friction sliding is often locally caused on the tool surface. It is usually preferable to smoothly finish such a portion of the tool surface. Many studies have been performed to maintain good lubrication conditions by catching lubricants to micropockets of the tool surface. This research is aimed at the detailed FEM examination of how the tool surface roughness influences the friction coefficient, the local surface enlargement at the friction surface of material and solid lubricant thinning at the edge of tool–material interface.     

热冲压快速冷却工艺对22MnB5钢组织与性能的影响

基于RCP（Rapid Cooling Process）快速冷却工艺+不同模具温度淬火热处理工艺,对22MnB5钢板材的淬火力学性能及微观组织进行了研究,探讨了冷速、强度硬度之间的关系,建立了三者之间的硬度指数模型。结果表明,采用加入淬火前快速冷却过程及改变淬火模具温度的方式可以有效实现梯度冷却速率控制,冷却速率实现了从6 ~40 ℃/s的变化,微观组织从铁素体与珠光体、上、下贝氏体逐渐向“残留奥氏体+马氏体”组织过渡,对应的强度区间范围为700~1600 MPa。建立的冷速、强度硬度模型与试验数据拟合良好。     

温度和应变速率对双辊铸轧、轧制和热处理态AZ31镁合金流动应力行为的影响(英文)

在单轴拉伸条件下研究温度和应变速率对双辊铸轧、轧制和热处理AZ31镁合金流动应力行为的影响。结果表明,在高温下,动态回复、连续动态再结晶、晶界滑移和附加滑移系的活化使合金的延展得到改善。在473~523 K和10-2~10-1 s-1条件下,合金的断裂伸长率几乎与应变速率无关,而与应变速率依赖于临界剪切应的非基面滑移有关。由于经上述工艺加工的AZ31镁合金具有较低的临界剪切应力,因此在573 K和10-3 s-1条件下出现了孪晶。     

氩弧重熔对Q235钢热浸镀铝层组织和性能的影响

采用氩弧重熔技术对Q235钢热浸镀铝层进行改性处理,利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪对重熔前后组织进行了观察,并测定了重熔前后截面显微硬度.研究了重熔工艺参数对热浸镀铝层组织和性能的影响.结果表明,热浸镀铝层经氩弧重熔处理后,分层现象消失,组织上梯度过渡,试件由重熔层和淬硬层及基体构成.氩弧重熔处理能明显提高热浸镀铝层的显微硬度.氩弧重熔工艺参数对重熔层深度、硬度和裂纹率影响较大,焊接电流增加或焊接速度减小时,重熔层深度增加,硬度升高,裂纹率下降.     

Laser surface alloying of Gr22 ferritic steel with Ni(Al): Effect of processing parameters on the microstructure and high temperature performance

The aim of this work is modify the surface composition of a Gr22 ferritic steel component with Ni(Al) using a high-power diode laser (HPDL). Two different combinations of parameters were used to obtain a superficial alloy modification macroscopically homogenous, with low porosity and low presence of cracks. From a microscopically point of view the surface presents a band structure due to the rapid cooling process. Isothermal oxidation tests at 640 °C were performed to evaluate the performance of the solution at high temperature. The introduction of Ni(Al) with this technique has allowed to reduce the degradation of the components, without modifying the ferritic structure of the steel.     

Influence of curing temperature, silica nanoparticles- and cerium on surface morphology and corrosion behaviour of hybrid silane coatings on mild steel

This work is aimed at developing and investigating silane based organic-inorganic hybrid coatings possessing unique properties, which can be used to improve the performance of steel structures subjected to marine corrosion. These silane based sol-gel coatings were prepared by dip coating planar samples of mild steel in solution of an organically modified silica sol made from hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) in acid catalysis condition. Crack-free coatings were obtained on curing at 200 °C. On increasing the curing temperature to 400 °C, however, cracks developed in the plain organic-inorganic hybrid coatings. This observation was consistent with the visual observations where appearance of the coated specimen changed from colourless metallic to brownish grey on curing from 200 °C to 400 °C temperature. The coatings were further modified using SiO₂ nanoparticles and cerium. The effect of change in the - temperature as well as - composition on the microstructural properties of the coatings was determined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atom force microscopy. Additionally, Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR/FTIR) was carried out to show the formation of the Si-O-Si structural backbone of the hybrid material with the organic CH₃ group incorporated into the silica network. The corrosion protection performance of these coatings was examined using potentiodynamic polarisation technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in aerated 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The polarization curves and corrosion resistance as measured by the bode plots suggested that the plain hybrid coatings offer good protection against corrosion. However, the SiO₂ and cerium modified nano hybrid coatings exhibited superior performance to that displayed by plain hybrid coatings.