成核剂YS-688改性抗菌PP薄膜的研究

以聚丙烯（PP）为基体树脂,改性载银磷酸锆为抗菌剂,YS-688（二苄叉山梨醇衍生物）为成核剂,制备抗菌剂母粒、成核剂母粒和抗菌PP薄膜,研究了成核剂改性抗菌PP薄膜性能。结果表明：经YS-688改性的抗菌PP薄膜,球晶尺寸减小,结晶密度增大,结晶温度提高;含0．9％改性载银磷酸锆和0.3％YS-688的PP薄膜,其拉伸强度（纵向／横向）51．16／31．88MPa,透光率88．8％,雾度2．9％,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌抗菌率为99．26％和99．57％,物理力学性能和抗菌性能优良。     

油酸酰胺改性载银磷酸锆/聚乙烯抗菌薄膜的研究

以油酸酰胺为改性剂,载银磷酸锆为抗菌剂,线型低密度聚乙烯为载体树脂,制备了抗菌母粒和抗菌聚乙烯薄膜。用吸水性测定法、红外光谱法分析载银磷酸锆的改性效果,用扫描电镜观察载银磷酸锆在聚乙烯基材中的分散情况,检测了薄膜的力学性能、透光率、透气量、抗菌率。结果表明:经油酸酰胺改性的载银磷酸锆疏水性好,在基体中分散均匀;当抗菌母粒含量为5%时,聚乙烯薄膜的纵向拉伸强度和横向直角撕裂强度略有下降,断裂伸长率、横向拉伸强度、纵向直角撕裂强度均有不同程度的提高,透光率下降3.4%,透气量提高30.18%,抗菌率达99%以上。     

成核剂二(3,4-二甲基二苄叉)山梨醇对聚丙烯结晶性能的影响

以二(3,4-二甲基二苄叉)山梨醇(DMDBS)为成核剂,使用溶液沉淀法制备 DMDBS 质量分数分别为0.1%、0.3%、0.5%、0.7%、0.9%的粉末聚丙烯(PP)样品,采用红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪,X 衍射仪和偏光显微镜等技术进行结晶性能的研究。结果表明,透明成核剂 DMDBS 是 PP 的有效α诱导剂,DMDBS 的加入能诱导大量球晶生成,使结晶峰尖锐,结晶温度区间变窄,提高 PP 的结晶速率和结晶度,其中熔融吸收峰温度提高1.7～3.1℃,结晶度提高16%左右。在 PP 中添加0.3%DMDBS 时,PP 的改性效果最好,结晶度达到最大值。     

含改性载银玻璃的抗菌聚丙烯薄膜的研究

以载银玻璃为抗菌剂,硼酸酯、稀土/铝酸酯、硬脂酸单甘油酯为改性剂,粉状聚丙烯(PP)为载体树脂,制备了载银玻璃母粒和抗菌PP薄膜。用亲油化度法、红外光谱法分析载银玻璃的表面改性效果,用扫描电镜观察了载银玻璃在PP基材中的分散状况,检测了含改性载银玻璃的PP薄膜的力学性能和抗菌率。结果表明:经硼酸酯改性的载银玻璃,其疏水性和分散均匀性良好;含4%载银玻璃母粒的PP薄膜,拉伸强度(纵/横向)为42.3/28.8MPa,断裂伸长率(纵/横向)为534.5%/496.8%,直角撕裂强度(纵/横向)为150.8/110.4kN/m,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率为99.12%和92.30%,力学性能和抗菌性能优良。     

抗菌聚丙烯母粒的制备及表征

抗菌剂在PP基体中的分散相容性明显影响PP抗菌材料的力学性能和抗菌性能。通过力学性能测试、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试及抗菌性能测试,考查了载银和载银铜抗菌PP母粒的力学性能、无机抗菌剂在PP基体中分散情况以及抗菌母粒的抗菌性能。结果表明,无机抗菌剂在PP基体中分散均匀,加入无机抗菌剂后PP共混材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度无明显变化。通过抗菌性能测试表明,银离子具有较强的杀菌能力,可以通过缓释技术使其达到长效杀菌的目的。     

含载银磷酸锆的抗菌EVA发泡材料的研究

以乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)为原料,载银磷酸锆为抗菌剂,制备抗菌EVA发泡材料。采用硅烷、硼酸酯、铝酸酯3种偶联剂,分别对载银磷酸锆粉体表面改性。结果表明:采用硼酸酯改性的载银磷酸锆粉体,疏水性和分散性效果最好;含质量分数为1%的载银磷酸锆(经2.5%硼酸酯处理)的EVA发泡材料,其泡孔孔径增大,相对密度115 kg/m~3,拉伸强度2.02 MP,撕裂强度4.60 kN/m,断裂伸长率248%,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别达到99.9%和97.8%,物理力学性能和抗菌性能优良。     

铝酸酯改性载银磷酸锆/EVA发泡材料的研究

以载银磷酸锫为抗菌荆,铝酸酯偶联剂为改性刺,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)树脂为基本原料,制备抗菌EVA发泡材料.用红外光谱仪、粘度法对载银磷酸锆表面改性效果进行分析,并用扫描电镜观察载银磷酸锫在EVA发泡材料中的分散性,同时检测了EVA发泡材料力学性能和抗菌性能.结果表明:铝酸酯在载银磷酸锫表面形成了包覆层,改善了载银磷酸锆在EVA发泡材料中的分散性,明显提高了EVA发泡材料的力学性能;含质量分数1%载银磷酸锆(经铝酸酯处理)的EVA发泡材料具有优异的抗菌性和持效性,其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别为99.95%和98.26%,在自来水中浸泡30 d后,抗菌率分别为99.73%和97.92%.     

成核剂二-(3,4-二甲基苄叉)山梨醇在聚丙烯中的成核效应

研究成核剂二-(3,4-二甲基苄叉)山梨醇(DMDBS)对等规聚丙烯力学性能、光学性能和结晶行为的影响.结果表明:DMDBS可以大幅度提高聚丙烯的力学性能、光学性能和结晶峰温度,具有很好的成核性能.当成核剂DMDBS添加浓度为0.2%时,与空白聚丙烯相比,成核聚丙烯的拉伸强度和弯曲模量可分别提高7.46%和11.96%,雾度可降低52.32%,结晶峰温度T_c可从119℃左右提高到130℃左右.同时,DMDBS的加入可大幅度降低聚丙烯的球晶尺寸.     

聚乳酸/纳米载银磷酸锆熔纺纤维制备及性能

利用双螺杆挤出机将聚乳酸(PLA)切片和纳米载银磷酸锆颗粒共混制备纳米载银磷酸锆质量分数为20%的PLA母粒。将母粒和纯PLA切片按照不同比例共混熔纺制备PLA/纳米载银磷酸锆共混纤维。研究了共混纤维的制备方法,运用扫描电子显微镜观察了纤维束外部形貌,测试了纤维的力学及抗菌性能。结果表明,纳米载银磷酸锆在纤维中有少量凝聚,总体分散均匀;随着纳米载银磷酸含量提升,纤维断裂强度先增大后降低,同时纤维的抗菌性不断增加。当载银磷酸锆含量达到1.5%时,纤维的断裂强度最大为0.85 c N/dtex,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率达99.9%。     

复合成核剂对聚丙烯物理力学性能的影响

研究了1,3:2,4-二(对甲基二苄叉)山梨醇/1,3:2,4-二(3,4-二甲基二苄叉)山梨醇(MDBS/DMDBS)复合成核剂、DMDBS/2,2'-亚甲基-二(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)磷酸盐(NA-1)复合成核剂、NA-1/2,2'-亚甲基-双(2,4-二叔丁基苯酚)磷酸盐(NA-2)复合成核剂的协同效应对聚丙烯(PP)透明性及力学性能的影响。结果表明:当MDBS与DMDBS的复配比为0.15:0.10时,改性PP的雾度达到最小值9.6%;当DMDBS与NA-1的复配比为0.20:0.05时,改性PP的雾度达到最小值10.3%。此外,NA-1的加入提高了PP的弯曲强度和弯曲模量;NA-1/NA-2复合成核剂对PP透明性的改善效果不明显,但能使PP的弯曲模量显著提升,最高可达1.96 GPa。     

Synergistic toughening effects of nucleating agent and ethylene–octene copolymer on polypropylene

The synergistic toughening effect of nucleating agent (NA) and ethylene–octene copolymer (POE) on polypropylene was studied in the present work. Two different nucleating agents, such as α-form nucleating agent 1,3 : 2,4-bis (3,4-dimethylbenzylidene) sorbitol (DMDBS, Millad 3988) and β-form nucleating agent aryl amides compounds (TMB-5), were selected to blend with PP or PP/POE blends, respectively. The results show that PP containing 0.5–0.25 wt % DMDBS or 0.5–0.25 wt % TMB-5 has relatively low impact strength. For PP/POE blends, although the impact strength increases gradually with the increasing of POE content, high content of POE is needed to obtain the available PP toughness. However, once nucleating agent and POE are simultaneously added into PP, PP/POE/NA blends show great improvement of toughness even at low POE content. Furthermore, the synergistic toughening effect of POE/TMB-5 is more apparent than that of POE/DMDBS. SEM results show that whether DMDBS or TMB-5 has no apparent effect on the morphologies of POE in the PP/POE/NA blends. Further investigations using DSC and POM indicate that both DMDBS and TMB-5 induce the apparent enhancement of the crystallization temperature of PP and the sharp decrease of spherulites size of PP in the PP/POE/NA blends. The possible synergistic toughening mechanism is discussed in the work. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Enhancement of drawdown force in polypropylene containing nucleating agent

The effect of the nucleation efficiency of three commercial nucleating agents, such as 1,3:2,4-bis(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene)sorbitol (DMDBS), sodium 2,2′-methylene-bis-(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate (SMBP), and magnesium silicate (talc), on the melt-stretching performance of isotactic polypropylene (PP) is studied. It is found that the addition of 0.5 wt % of a nucleating agent enhances the crystallization temperature and that effect is pronounced for DMDBS and SMBP. Furthermore, DMDBS is more efficient than the other tested nucleating agents in enhancing the drawdown force, defined as a force required for stretching a molten strand. Nanofibers of DMDBS, which show significant alignment in the flow direction, are responsible for the rapid crystallization of PP in the flow field leading to an increase of drawdown force. The stretched strand shows a highly oriented structure in which the α-form crystals orient to the flow direction. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47295.     

Detecting crystallization structure evolution of polypropylene injection‐molded bar induced by nucleating agent

The crystallization structures of Polypropylene (PP) injection‐molded bars nucleated by nucleating agent were detected from the skin layer to the core zone, layer by layer. α‐phase nucleating agent 1,3:2,4‐bis (3,4‐dimethylbenzylidene) sorbitol (DMDBS, Millad 3988), β‐phase nucleating agent aryl amides compounds (TMB‐5), and their compounds were introduced into PP matrix, respectively. The relative content of β‐phase PP in the different zones of an injection‐molded bar was characterized and calculated by Wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that, whether in pure PP or in nucleated PP, both β‐phase PP and α‐phase PP grow in the skin layer of the injection‐molded bar. However, in the intermediate layers and the core zone, the crystallization structures of PP are dependent on the used nucleating agent. β‐phase is the main crystallization structure of TMB‐5 (0.1 and 0.2 wt%) nucleated PP, and α‐phase in DMDBS (0.1 and 0.2 wt%) nucleated PP. Compounding nucleating agents with 0.1 wt% DMDBS and 0.1 wt% TMB‐5 induces PP crystallization almost in β‐phase; however, PP nucleated by 0.2 wt% DMDBS and 0.2 wt% TMB‐5 crystallizes exclusively in α‐phase. The crystallization mechanism of PP nucleated by compounding nucleating agents was further studied in this work. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

改性载银磷酸锆及其抗菌聚乙烯薄膜的研究

以硬脂酸单甘油酯、油酸酰胺、稀土／铝酸酯为改性剂,分别对载银磷酸锆进行表面改性,用吸水性测定法、粘度法分析载银磷酸锆的改性效果,用扫描电镜观察载银磷酸锆在聚乙烯基材中的分散均匀性。检测了含载银磷酸锆的聚乙烯薄膜的力学性能和抗菌性能。结果表明：采用油酸酰胺改性的载银磷酸锆。其疏水性和分散均匀性好;含1％载银磷酸锆（经油酸酰胺改性）的聚乙烯薄膜,拉伸强度（纵／横向）为23．14／14．25MPa,断裂伸长率（纵,横向）为147．9％／310．6％,直角撕裂强度（纵,横向）为134.31／87．50kN／m,抗菌率达99％以上。     

成核剂在PP中的应用

介绍了成核剂的种类及其在国内外的研究开发进展,重点阐述了国内传统成核剂二苄叉山梨醇及其衍生物、有机磷酸盐类成核剂对PP透明性及力学性能的影响。在PP中添加成核剂不仅提高了PP的透明性,同时还可改善PP的力学性能     

A comparative study of polypropylene nucleated by individual and compounding nucleating agents. I. Melting and isothermal crystallization

In this study, melting and isothermal crystallization behaviors of polypropylene (PP) nucleated with different nucleating agents (NAs) have been comparatively studied. α‐phase NA 1,3 : 2,4‐bis (3,4‐dimethylbenzylidene) sorbitol (DMDBS, Millad 3988), β‐phase NA aryl amides compound (TMB‐5), and their compounds were introduced into PP matrix, respectively. The crystallization and melting characteristics as well as the crystallization structures and morphologies of nucleated PP were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), and polarized light microscopy (PLM). As indicated by previous work that a few amounts of α‐phase NA (DMDBS) or β‐phase NA (TMB‐5) has apparent nucleation effect for PP crystallization. However, the crystallization of PP nucleated with compounding NAs is dependent on the content of each NA. In the sample of PP with 0.1 wt % DMDBS and 0.1 wt % TMB‐5, the nucleation efficiency of TMB‐5 is much higher than that of DMDBS and PP crystallization is mainly nucleated by TMB‐5, and in this condition, β‐phase PP is the main crystallization structure. For the sample of PP with 0.2 wt % DMDBS and 0.2 wt % TMB‐5, 0.2 wt % DMDBS has higher nucleation efficiency than 0.2 wt % TMB5, and α‐phase is the main crystalline structure in this sample. The isothermal crystallization kinetics and crystallization structure have been analyzed in detail in this work. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

聚丙烯成核剂及其对聚丙烯性能的影响

介绍了聚丙烯（PP）的结晶过程，PP分子的晶体结构对其性能的影响以及成核剂的分类，如二苄又山梨醇衍生物、有机磷酸盐、烷基羧酸盐、松香。综述了成核剂对PP的等温结晶行为、熔融特性、力学性能、耐老化性能、光学性能及加工性能的影响的最近研究成果。