乳腺癌前哨淋巴结不同检测方法效果研究

目的 :研究染色法、同位素法、联合法3种不同检测方法对乳腺癌前哨淋巴结检测的影响。方法:选取2007年9月²013年11月在我院就诊的早期女性乳腺癌患者为研究对象,将患者随机分为3组,蓝染料组、核素组、联合组。比较各组乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检的成功率、准确率及假阴性率。结果 :与单纯使用染料的方法相比,联合法的假阴性率显著性降低,差异有统计学意义。与单用染料组及核素组相比,联合法发现的SLN数较多,但无统计学差异。结论:联合应用染料及同位素示踪较单一方法更能提高前哨淋巴结检测的成功率,降低假阴性率。     

高强度超声聚焦治疗腹膜后淋巴结转移癌

目的探讨高强度超声聚焦（HIFU）治疗腹膜后淋巴结转移癌对患者疼痛和生活质量的改善情况。方法 23例淋巴结转移癌患者行HIFU治疗,治疗时间为150-200ms,间隔时间为300-400ms,每点阵发射次数N=8-10次。每3mm做一个切面,从点到线、从线到面、从面到体,完成对整个肿瘤的治疗。结果治疗后16例患者疼痛部分缓解、明显减轻,占总人数的69.57%,且疼痛评分等级下降至少1个等级;另有3例患者完全缓解、感觉疼痛消失,占总人数的13.04%;3例患者疼痛没有改变,约占13.04%;1例疼痛加重,约占4.35%;治疗后总有效率82.61%。治疗安全可靠,无不良反应发生。结论 HIFU治疗淋巴结转移癌无痛、无创,具有良好的止痛、降阻塞感作用,且止痛持续时间长、治疗有效比率高,能够有效地改善患者生存质量;对不适宜进行放、化疗或放、化疗不能起作用的晚期体质虚弱患者可提供治疗帮助。     

基于谐波磁化响应半峰宽模型的非零场点磁性纳米粒子距离层析测量

磁粒子成像技术是一种以生物功能化超顺磁性纳米粒子为示踪剂的全新人体功能层析成像技术,其通常必须构建基于梯度场的零磁场点/线并对其进行空间扫描以实现示踪剂定位,其空间分辨率正比于梯度场强度。而高强度梯度场需大体积电/永磁体构建,使其无法用于微创淋巴结术中定位。本研究在不使用梯度定位场条件下,提出基于朗之万函数和激励-磁化场空间分布计算的窄带磁纳米粒子深度定位理论,推导不同深度磁性纳米粒子产生的磁化响应与空间方位角的函数关系,建立半峰宽-距离检测与真实浓度解析模型,并进一步开发了磁粒子深度层析装置(即非梯度式一维磁粒子成像仪),体外实验测量结果表明其空间定位分辨率为15 mm,误差5.21%,浓度模型还原误差为2.61%。对比已获批上市的欧洲Sentimag等静磁场磁粒子定位装置具有显著性能优势,可完全满足术中淋巴结定位等创新临床应用需求。     

Characterization of the primo vascular system in rabbit vagina

The primo vascular system (PVS) is observed in different parts of the body under different physiological and disease conditions. Previously, the PVS was not observed in the vagina. The vaginal samples of this study were collected from the female genitalia of healthy New Zealand white rabbits from the animal house, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University. The vaginal samples were fixed in Bouin's solution. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Crossmon's trichrome. Additionally, the sections were immunohistochemically stained with neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A primo node was observed on the lymph vessel of the vagina and has several characteristics that resemble those of the previously discovered primo nodes. The primo node in this study was surrounded by mesothelial cells that provide positive immunoreactivity to NSE and VEGF. Sinuses of different sizes, floating cells, telocyte-like cell, and primo microcells were observed as the main constituents of the primo node. Additionally, migratory cells were detected, which passed from the primo node to the enclosing lymph vessel.     

超声弹性成像对乳腺癌预后因素的预测价值及二者的关系

目的探讨超声弹性成像定性及定量弹性参数与乳腺癌各预后因素之间的联系,及其在评价乳腺癌预后因素中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析479例经手术病理证实为乳腺癌的超声弹性定性、定量参数及病理相关数据并进行相关性分析、差异性分析及预测性能分析和比较。结果肿块大小与VTIQ所得超声定量参数有显著相关性及组间差异性(P<0.05);腋窝淋巴结转移与VTI评分及VTIQ所得SWVMAX、SWVMEAN、SWVratio1及SWVratio2均有显著相关性及组间差异性(P<0.05);将模型2与单独应用定性或定量参数相比,预测效能具有显著差异。结论超声弹性成像定性、定量参数与乳腺癌预后因素之间存在相关性,将定性及定量弹性参数结合能提高乳腺癌预后情况评估的准确性。     

基于知识协同的企业生产信息组织方法研究

企业信息集成的关键在于信息链群相关知识节点随目标变化而动态的组织生成，以及建立在该链群网络之上的这些节点的工作协同流程。知识点是企业生产信息协同集成网络系统的基本节点，在生产信息网络组建时，可以按照自己的协同需求，调用合适的知识点作为节点单元，以构成生产工作流链；也可以按照产品市场的变更需求对个别节点进行调节。知识点由若干智能元(或称智能元类)构成。智能元是组成知识点的基本单位，是对产品生产中某一中间产品任务的模式描述与信息加工处理。     

无线传感器网络中节点定位算法的研究

在无线传感器网络中,节点定位是实现许多无线传感器网络应用的基础和支撑技术。现有传感器节点定位方法使用数量较多参考节点进行定位,而由于参考节点的成本、功耗、尺寸等原因使其难以大量使用。本文提出了一种基于三个移动参考节点的节点定位方法;同时,给出了以完成定位花费时间最小化为目标的优化算法。     

基于CAN总线的智能测控节点的设计

介绍了基于CAN总线技术的智能测控节点。时智能测控节点的功能模块组成，各模块的工作原理、硬件设计、软件设计及它们的实现方法进行了较深入的探讨和详细的论述。     

老年男性甲状腺癌临床分析

目的探讨老年男性甲状腺癌的临床特点及诊治。方法回顾性分析2008年8月至2011年8月吉林大学第二医院甲状腺外科收治的60岁以上老年男性甲状腺癌患者的临床特点及诊疗方法。结果本组54例患者中乳头状癌26例,滤泡状癌14例,髓样癌3例,未分化癌11例;淋巴结转移43例,转移率79.63%,阳性率较高,术后行131I治疗12例,均为乳头状癌;局部外放射治疗6例,其中髓样癌2例,未分化癌4例。结论 ：①老年男性甲状腺癌具有病程长、起病隐匿、多合并基础疾病、预后不良的特点;②病理类型：以乳头状癌为主,但未分化癌比例较高,颈部淋巴结转移较常见;③术前细针穿刺病理及术中冰冻对确诊和决定术式起关键作用;④以手术治疗为主、综合治疗为辅的多方位治疗方案,可提高患者生存时间。     

腔镜下食管癌根治术在食管癌治疗中的应用

目的探讨应用胸腔镜联合腹腔镜进行食管癌根除术的可行性和疗效。方法选取2009年9月至2011年6月入住我院的食管癌患者42例,完全随机分为微创组(胸腔镜联合腹腔镜食管癌根治组)21例、开放组(传统开放食管癌根治组)21例。比较两组围手术期临床资料、淋巴结清扫数及阳性转移率及主要并发症情况。结果微创组平均手术时间265±57min与开放组362±83min间相比较差异不具有统计学意义(P=0.11>0.05);微创组平均手术出血量187±21ml与开放组279±38ml间相比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.04<0.05);微创组平均住院天数10±3dl与开放组16±2d之间相比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.04<0.05)。微创组平均清扫淋巴结14±4个与开放组13±5个间相比较差异不具有统计学意义(P=0.80>0.05);微创组术后转移率为38.1%(8/21)与开放组42.9%(9/21)相比较差异不具有统计学意义(P=0.75>0.05)。开放组术后出现肺部感染1例(4.8%),肺不张1例(4.8%),而微创组术后未出现肺部感染及肺不张病例,与开放组比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.049<0.05)。结论胸腔镜联合腹腔镜食管癌根治术及胸、腹腔淋巴结清扫治疗食管癌安全可行且具有出血量小、住院天数少、术后并发症少等优势。     

三维空间中造型交互式移动的实现

针对虚拟装配过程中,经常涉及到的造型的空间移动问题,研究了三维空间中造型交互式移动的方法。通过分析虚拟现实建模语言中的传感器节点以及脚本节点的工作原理及特点,确定了造型交互式移动的实现流程和方法。结合实例,实现了三维模型随浏览者鼠标拖动而沿XOY平面及法向轴方向的同步移动,并且给出了相应的程序代码。这一交互过程相对于造型沿三坐标轴方向的移动,移动效率显著提高,因此对于虚拟场景中造型的交互式移动具有重要的意义。     

基于无线传感器网络的RFID系统

采用无线传感网络ZigBee的树型组网方式代替传统的RFID网络系统,不仅能降低RFID系统的成本,而且能使RIFD组网更加灵活,省去了传统RFID系统繁琐的布线,提高了系统实用性和可靠性。系统由管理服务器、网关节点、路由节点、RFID终端节点组成。采用低成本通信芯片CC2430和FM1702SL组成RFID终端节点,具有体积小、低成本、低功耗等特点,适合使用在识别距离比较短,数据传输比较远,网络比较繁杂应用场合,系统具有较强的实用性和灵活性。     

基于LonWorks的锅炉网络通用智能测控节点设计

本文介绍了基于LonWorks技术的锅炉计算机网络通用智能测控节点的设计方法,研究并设计了网络的体系结构．以基于主机的热水锅炉水位测控节点为例给出了通用测控节点的硬件结构．并阐述了测控节点的程序设计方法。     

基于MATLAB数控编程数值预处理

运用MATLAB软件进行数控编程中非圆曲线的节点坐标的计算,讨论了等间距法和等误差法直线逼近的原理、程序流程,计算了节点坐标,用得到的节点坐标绘制了相应的非圆曲线.     

Staging prostate cancer

Determining tumor stage provides a systematic way to describe the amount and the extent of a tumor at a certain point in time. In this short overview, the current version of the TNM system for prostate cancer is discussed. The TNM (tumor, lymph node, and metastasis) system is now used worldwide for determining tumor stage for prostate cancer. Tumor stage is essentially determined in two situations, at clinical evaluation of the patient (clinical stage) and after treatment by surgical removal of the prostate (pathological stage). In the ideal situation, clinical stage would be a reliable predictor of pathological stage, but in the current situation, tumors are clinically understaged in more than half of the cases. Additional clinical tools are needed to provide a firmer base on which the choice for patient treatment or management could be founded. Some of the criteria for the assessment of pathological stage are unclear. For instance, multifocal tumor, which occurs in more than half of the cases of prostate cancer, is not reckoned with in the current system, something that could hamper a correct and unambiguous assessment of pathological stage. In this report, we also discuss the criteria for extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion, and bladder neck invasion. Follow-up data obtained from a group of 123 patients that underwent radical prostatectomy at our hospital underline the importance of reporting the latter two.     

腺泡状软组织肉瘤的~(18)F-FDG PET/CT影像分析

目的探讨腺泡状软组织肉瘤的PET/CT表现。方法 10例经病理证实的腺泡状软组织肉瘤,术前均行18F-FDG PET/CT检察,对肿瘤的影像学表现及临床特征进行分析。结果原发灶PET/CT影像多呈不规则形状,信号不均匀。SUVmax值8,最小为1.7,平均值4.35,10例患者中9例发生复发或转移,PET/CT发现肺转移8例,软组织转移6例,脑转移1例,局部淋巴结转移6例,骨转移5例。而相应的CT检查仅发现肺转移5例,骨转移2例,软组织转移均没有发现。结论18F-FDGPET/CT有助于腺泡状软组织肉瘤的诊断和分期,从而指导治疗方案的选择。     

Lymph drainage in the human dental pulp

We investigated which structural components are responsible for maintaining interstitial fluid equilibrium in the pulpal tissue, for which the existence of an effective lymph drainage is postulated. There have been only a small number of investigations on pulpal lymph tissue. Therefore, we decided to perform a detailed structural analysis. Twenty vital, healthy teeth that had to be extracted for orthodontic reasons were immersed in Patent Blue for 10 to 15 minutes after opening the pulpal cavity. They were then extracted and the dental pulps were opened by cleavage of the surrounding hard tooth structure. Subsequently, the specimens were prepared for light and electron microscopic investigation. A clear blue ring of stain was detected by light microscopy in Weil's zone in the coronal region of the pulp, the cell-rarefied layer surrounded by the odontoblasts. No dye deposition was observed in the apical part. However, using transmission electron microscopy, capillary structures with typical morphological characteristics of lymphatic vessels were found apically. The coronal part of the pulp did not reveal any such vascular structures. It may be concluded from these findings that the lymph in the coronal region is collected in interstitial tissue clefts and drained towards the apex, whence it is further transported via lymph capillaries.     

Characterization of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck using methods of spatial statistics

In the present study, 53 cases of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck were characterized by a quantitative histological texture analysis based on principles of spatial statistics. A planar tessellation of the epithelial tumour component was generated by a skeletonization algorithm. The size distribution of the virtual cells of this planar tessellation, and the size distribution of the profiles of the tumour cell nuclei were estimated in terms of area and boundary length. The intensity, the reduced second moment function (K‐function) and the pair correlation function of the point process of the centroids of the profiles of the tumour cell nuclei were also estimated. For both purposes, it is necessary to correct for edge effects, which we consider in this paper in some detail. Specifically, the point patterns of the tumour cell nuclei were considered as realizations of a point process, where the points exist only in the epithelial tumour component (the permitted phase) and not in the stroma (the forbidden phase). The methods allow to characterize each individual tumour by a series of summary statistics. The total set of cases was then partitioned into two groups: 19 cases without lymph node metastases (pN0), and 34 nodal positive cases (pN1 or pN2). Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the intensities, the mean K‐functions and the mean pair correlation functions of the tumour cell nucleus profiles of the two groups. However, there were some significant differences between the sizes of the virtual cells and of the nucleus profiles of the nodal negative cases as compared to the nodal positive cases. In a logistic regression analysis, one of the quantitative nuclear size variables (mean nuclear area) was found to be a significant predictor of lymph node metastasis, in addition to tumour stage. The study shows the potential of methods of spatial statistics for objective quantitative grading of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, and provides an example for modelling histological point patterns as realizations of planar point processes occupying a reference phase which is only a partial component of the total tissue.     

制造网格中嵌入式数控机床资源节点建设

提出一种基于ARM+DSP的嵌入式数控系统,通过与安装有网格中间件和网格支持工具的上位机相连,可以很方便地作为制造网格的一个可重构节点。给出了以嵌入式数控系统为节点的制造网格系统架构,并利用XML和W SDL文件对资源节点进行了描述和封装。     

基于CAN/LIN总线的汽车网络控制系统

设计了一种基于低成本CAN／LIN混合总线的汽车网络控制系统，完成了相关CAN节点、LIN节点与CAN／LIN网关的软硬件设计，实现了车内网络数据的充分共享。将该系统应用于汽车控制中，可明显减少汽车上的线束，更好地控制和协调汽车的各个子系统。