氯化法钛白粉表面处理分析

从氯化法钛白粉表面处理工艺出发,介绍了钛白粉生产过程中表面处理的必要性、表面处理相关概述、表面处理相关工艺以及对表面处理所得产品质量造成影响的相关因素。     

玻纤滤料的表面处理

从玻璃纤维表面处理的机理出发,简述了玻璃纤维表面处理的工艺和配方特点,以及表面处理发展状况,对玻璃纤维表面处理技术提出了更高的要求。     

印制板用铜箔表面处理工艺研究进展

铜箔是制造印制板的关键性导电材料,它的性能与其表面处理工艺密切相关。着重介绍了一些常用的电解铜箔表面处理工艺规范和镀层特点,概述了当前铜箔表面处理工艺包括高温耐热表面处理、双面铜箔表面处理、超薄铜箔表面处理、高抗张性铜箔表面处理和高频电路用铜箔表面处理等工艺的研究现状。展望了印制板用铜箔的发展趋势。     

铝合金产品前处理药品作用机理探讨

本文介绍了一种适用于生产要求喷涂底粉、色漆、透明漆或透明粉的所有铝合金产品的工艺。该工艺的前处理表面钝化采用G1500表面钝化剂及G4595表面钝化剂，文章对铝合金系列产品表面处理的药品性能及作用机理进行了深入分析。     

硬氧化表面镀层工艺在碳纤维生产设备中的应用

针对聚丙烯腈基碳纤维生产设备中传统硬化工艺铝合金配件存在的不足,采用硬氧化表面镀层工艺对铝合金配件进行表面处理,并从加工成本、使用寿命、配件质量以及对碳纤维原丝质量的影响等方面与传统硬化工艺配件进行比较。结果表明:采用硫酸硬质阳极氧化直流法对碳纤维生产中铝合金原丝托辊和络筒机导丝轮进行表面处理,处理后配件的表面粗糙度及表面硬度与传统硬化工艺配件的基本一致,可满足碳纤维原丝生产要求;硬氧化表面镀层工艺配件的使用寿命相比传统硬化工艺配件得到了很大提高,加工成本也大大降低,可以有效降低碳纤维原丝的生产成本;使用2种镀层工艺配件得到的碳纤维原丝的质量相近;在碳纤维原丝生产中,硬氧化表面镀层工艺配件完全可以替代传统硬化工艺配件。     

高分子表面金属化技术

高分子表面金属化是对高分子材料表面进行改性处理使其具有良好物理性能、力学性能及金属光泽的表面技术,广泛应用于高分子导电、薄膜修饰、电磁屏蔽等领域。本文综述了高分子表面金属化的两大类技术方法,即干法镀膜和湿法镀膜。介绍了几种典型的表面处理技术,如真空镀膜、喷涂金属转移法、化学镀、化学还原金属化以及电镀,并总结了它们的技术特点以及在科学研究和工业生产应用中的难点。阐明了从传统电镀技术发展而来的高分子表面直接电镀工艺的优势,直接电镀工艺省去了电镀前的活化工序,缩短了工艺时间,避免了电镀前工艺对环境造成的污染,成为高分子表面金属化技术发展的新方向。     

盲孔件的表面处理

盲孔件的表面处理是表面处理工艺的难题之一。根据实践经验，提出用疏导与堵塞相结合的原则对盲孔件进行表面处理。增加工艺孔、用堵具堵塞盲孔、用电焊消除盲孔都是行之有效的方法，还应注意改进热处理工艺，避免在表面处理前盲孔产生锈蚀，表面处理后要仔细清洗。列举了典型示例。     

氯化法钛白粉的无机表面处理

介绍了钛白粉无机表面处理的原因、机理及相关工艺,并结合氯化法钛白生产分析了影响无机表面处理及产品质量的主要因素。     

最新汽车紧固件表面处理技术——ELECTROPOLYSEAL~电泳涂装

详细论述了汽车紧固件电泳涂装的工艺过程和工艺条件,比较了当前常见的几种紧固件表面处理技术。阐述了电泳涂装作为一种新型的紧固件表面处理技术,以其固有的优势将在紧固件表面处理行业获得长足的发展。     

纳米二氧化钛表面改性工艺条件的研究

进行了湿法纳米二氧化钛粉末表面改性工艺条件的优化研究。以吸油值为考查指标,考查了处理温度、改性剂用量、pH值、处理时间对改性效果的影响。筛选并确定了较适宜的表面改性剂十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)。通过正交实验对改性工艺进行优化,确定的较优工艺条件为:处理时间2h,处理温度60℃,改性剂用量2%,pH值为7。     

银及其产品表面改性现状与展望

阐述了银层的变色机理及其影响因素。概述了防止银产品变色的表面改性方法:表面钝化、表面镀膜和表面涂膜,并着重介绍了表面涂膜法。指出表面涂覆有机物或高聚物薄膜是银产品表面改性技术的发展趋势。     

紫外光固化材料表面物化性质的表征与研究

紫外光固化材料的表面性能指标有很多，如光泽、硬度、耐磨性、表面能等。目前在该领域中，快速成型技术、固相微萃取技术等的发展对涂层的表面润湿性、再涂覆性以及吸附性能提出了更高的要求，而这与固化涂层的表面能及表面化学结构组成等有着密切的关系。因此已有很多研究者针对这些方面做了相关工作。本文综述了有关光固化材料表面物理化学性质的研究方法和测试技术（如ATR—FTIR红外反射分析技术和XPS分析），并讨论了紫外光固化材料的组成物质等其他条件对固化材料表面性能的影响。     

表面特性对结霜和融霜排液的影响

对亲水表面、裸铝表面和疏水表面上结霜和融霜排液过程进行实验研究,分析了表面特性对冷凝水珠冻结、霜层生长和融霜排液的影响。结果表明：疏水表面上冷凝水珠呈规则球缺状、冻结较晚,而亲水表面和裸铝表面上冷凝水珠形状不规则;相比于亲水表面和裸铝表面上平整霜层,疏水表面上霜层不平整,有凹穴和凸起;疏水表面上霜层平均厚度增长较亲水表面和裸铝表面缓慢;在湿空气温度和冷面温度较低的情况下,表面特性对霜层生长的影响减弱;亲水表面具有较好的排液效果,其循环再结霜量最小。     

Surface modification of HDPE and PP by mechanical polishing and DC glow discharge and their adhesive joining to steel

To improve the strengths of the adhesive joints of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) to steel, the surfaces of HDPE and PP sheets have been treated by DC glow discharge to increase the polar component of surface energy significantly. Present study investigates the effect of mechanical polishing prior to surface modification of substrates of HDPE and PP sheets by exposure to DC glow discharge, on the surface energy and their adhesive joint strength to steel. The mechanical polishing has been carried out by abrading with 120, 220, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 grade emery paper of grit sizes 8.33, 4.54, 2.5, 1.67, 1.2, and 1 micron, respectively. The surface energy of a given surface has been evaluated by measuring contact angles of sessile drops of two test liquids of known surface tension components, such as deionized water and formamide. It is observed that 800‐grade emery paper of grit size 1.2 micron has been found most effective in terms of their reduction in contact angles and enhancement of their surface energies. The change in surface energy due to surface modification has also been evaluated by measuring the surface energies of unpolished sheets exposed to DC glow discharge. The surface modification of the polymers by glow discharge for 120 s at a power level of 13 W decreases the contact angle more on mechanically polished specimens than that observed on unpolished sheets. Due to glow discharge treatment, the polar component of surface energy increases significantly in HDPE and PP, especially when they are mechanically polished (800 grade) prior to glow discharge. However, in case of the HDPE sheets, the effect of glow discharge on the polar component of surface energy is significantly higher compared to that for dispersion component of surface energy, whereas the polar component of surface energy of the PP sheet is lower than the dispersion component of surface energy. But in both the cases, mechanical polishing prior to glow discharge appears to affect the polar component of surface energy. Mechanical polishing of the HDPE and PP sheets by abrading with 800‐grade emery paper prior to glow discharge treatment, increases the adhesive joint strengths over those observed in case of unpolished polymers exposed to glow discharge. However, the use of prior mechanical polishing increases the joint strength only by a little more than 10% compared to a five to seven times increase in strength observed as a consequence of exposure to glow discharge of as received samples. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1140–1149, 2001     

Surface energetics and acid-base character of sized and unsized paper handsheets

The surface energetics and acid-base character of paper handsheets were investigated using dynamic contact angle analysis. The surface energies were calculated using both geometric and harmonic mean methods. The surface acid-base property was characterized by calculating the work of acid-base interaction according to Fowkes' theory. To evaluate the effect of sizing on the paper surface properties, handsheets with various sizing treatments were studied in comparison with unsized handsheets. It was found that the sizing on the paper handsheets tends to reduce the surface energy and cover the acid-base sites. The results also show that the handsheet surface can be characterized directly using contact angle analysis.     

Surface Composition and Morphology of Particles Dried Individually and by Spray Drying

This study investigates how the morphology of spray-dried particles is related to the formulation and properties of the components in the formulation. Further, the scale effects in comparisons of levitation-dried single particles and spray-dried particles in a lab-scale spray dryer have been addressed. The Drying Kinetics Analyzer^TM generates single particles from a levitated drop under simulated spray-drying conditions. A set of surface-active polymers (bovine serum albumin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and triblock co-polymer Poloxamer), in combination with lactose, were analyzed for their dynamic surface properties in solution, and their effect on particle morphology and surface composition were determined by low-vacuum SEM and XPS analyses. The morphology obtained in spray drying was reproduced in the single-particle drying. The surface compositions were also similar, but higher levels of surface-active materials were found at the surface of the single particles as compared to the spray-dried particles. Further, the adsorption rate of surface-active compounds at the drop surface estimated by dynamic surface tension was found to be an important parameter to estimate the surface composition at different drying scales. The particle morphology was primarily determined by the surface rheological properties of the feed solution and, to a lesser extent, by the surface composition.     

刚性波纹面与柔性波纹面传热及流动特性

采用大涡模拟方法,对流体在刚性及柔性波纹面上的流动与传热特性进行了数值研究。结果表明:对于刚性波纹面,当振幅与波长比值(a/λ)较小时,波谷区域无回流现象;当a/λ增大至0.03时,波谷区域出现回流区,且回流区域随波幅的增加而增大;波纹面上坡部位沿展向出现较高Nusselt数的斑块;当a/λ从0.01增至0.04时,时均Nusselt数提高了近63.5%,综合系数增加了0.5112。对于柔性波纹面,其压力分布也呈现周期性变化;且在上坡位置也出现较大Nusselt数斑块;当a/λ从0.01增至0.04时,时均Nusselt数值提高了173.1%,综合系数增加了1.1232。与刚性波纹面相比,在消耗相同流体输送泵功时,柔性波纹面具有更好的传热效果。     

云母纸表面与界面改性及增强机理研究

云母纸成纸主要依靠云母鳞片间的范德华力和静电引力,纸张强度较低,不佳的表面与界面状态,易导致无法成纸.讨论了粒度级配、表面改性、水质改善等表面与界面改性技术,改善云母纸表面与界面特性,提高云母纸材料的拉伸、介电强度.并结合最大密度曲线理论、架桥键合作用、双电层理论,分析表面与界面增强的机理.研究表明:经表面与界面改性后,云母纸的拉伸强度与介电强度均有较大程度的提升.     

高分子材料表面接枝的方法及应用

介绍了高分子材料表面接枝的方法以及近年来的发展和应用情况。表面接枝方法包括化学接枝、辐射接枝、等离子体接枝、臭氧化接枝和光接枝     

乙酸乙酯-异丙醇二元系的黏度行为和表面性质

常压下测定了乙酸乙酯和异丙醇二元系在298.15～323.15 K下的黏度和表面张力,计算了黏度偏差、过量流动活化自由能和表面张力偏差,采用Redlich-Kister方程进行了关联。结果表明,黏度偏差、过量流动活化自由能和表面张力偏差均为负值,且显示了相同的变化趋势,随温度降低而偏差增大。利用表面张力数据进一步考察了混合液表面熵和表面焓,并基于扩展的Langmuir模型,计算了异丙醇的疏液性β及其表面组成。β值表明异丙醇对表面有更大的亲和力,其表面组成始终高于在溶液本体中的组成。