腈纶湿法纺丝成形工艺优化

通过对成形机理的分析,提出了成形优化试验方案。经试纺,基本达到稳定质量,降低能耗的效果。     

吸湿性聚丙烯纤维的研究

用双螺杆挤出机对共混的等规聚丙烯（IPP）和聚乙二醇（PEG）进行熔融造粒,制得PP改性母料,将其按一定比例与纺丝级聚丙烯切粒混合,在小型纺丝机上进行熔融纺丝制成吸湿性聚丙烯纤维,再经溶液处理后对其进行性能测试。结果表明,当PP改性母料用量为9％时,制得的吸湿性聚丙烯纤维具有很好的力学性能、吸湿性能及抗静电性能。     

腈纶白度影响因素浅析

在3L模试装置上考察了硫氰酸钠一步法腈纶白度指标的影响因素。结果表明：原料丙烯腈中的恶唑含量是影响腈纶白度的主要因素。当恶唑含量由0．019％降至0．002％以下时,白度由0．28降至0．10;其次,硫氰酸钠溶剂白度、浅色剂加入量、聚合混合液pH值对腈纶白度也有不同程度的影响。     

对影响腈纶短纤维质量分类等级的因素的探讨

腈纶短纤维是我厂的主导产品，疵点是影响该产品质量的这一。棉型短纤维疵点分析按照国际可以使用手拣法或机拣法。     

腈纶随机型复合纤维的研制

以静态混合器纺制腈纶随机型复合的方法，在ＮａＳＣＮ溶剂湿法纺丝中得以应用。通过试验对纺制随机型复合纤维的复合率、纤维的卷曲数、卷曲度、回复率等进行试验探索，比常规纤维的弹性、手感、丰满度等方面有明显改善。     

大有光腈纶毛条的生产

概述大有光腈纶毛条的特点及其在消费市场应用方面的情况，介绍目前制造大有光腈纶毛条的几种工艺方法。并对原料选用，加工工艺，产品质量等进行讨论，指出进一步开发和研制大有光腈纶制造技术的重要性和经济价值。     

干法腈纶聚合物相对分子质量对纤维用板量的影响

研究了干法腈纶聚合物特性黏度与重均相对分子质量、端基滴定度与数均相对分子质量之间的关系,通过试验分析总结了干法腈纶聚合物相对分子质量及其分布对纺丝纤维用板量的影响。     

干法高收缩腈纶短纤维的生产工艺探讨

对干法高收缩腈纶纤维的成形机理、纺丝过程及后处理工序的工艺条件进行分析、研究。通过降低纺丝工序水洗牵伸倍数和调整后处理工序生产工艺参数的方法,提高了纺丝工序水洗牵伸丝的沸水收缩率,减少了腈纶短纤维在烘干过程中的沸水收缩率的损失,且生产出的短纤维沸水收缩率最高可达24. 0%。     

腈纶纤维抱合力测试方法研究

腈纶纤维抱合力是衡量纤维可纺性的一项综合指标,抱合力大,纤维可纺性好。但现在国家标准及行业标准中均无检验抱合力的方法,产品评价无定量依据。通过多次试验,建立了一种定量检验腈纶纤维抱合力的方法,为生产控制及后纺用户提供了评价纤维可纺性直观有效的定量依据。     

影响腈纶纤维沸水收缩率测试误差分析

分析每束样品质量、加工制作收缩框架对腈纶纤维沸水收缩率测试结果的影响,提出纤维束之间的质量越平行越有利于分析数据的获取,加工制作收缩框架时的上、下样品夹橡胶垫之间的距离应严格控制恒距,以及张力砝码组成部件的质量应严格控制在32.00 g±0.05 g。     

水解作用对AM/AMPS共聚物溶液性能的影响

以AM、AMPS为主要单体合成二元共聚物,对共聚物进行水解得到不同水解度的共聚物,测试不同水解度的共聚物增黏能力、抗剪切、抗温抗盐等性能。实验结果表明:AM/AMPS共聚物适合高温高矿化度油藏条件下的聚合物驱。在淡水条件下,不同水解度的共聚物随着水解度的增加,增黏能力、抗剪切能力、抗温能力先增加然后再降低,在水解度25%时增黏能力、抗剪切能力、抗温能力最好。在盐水条件下,随着水解度的升高,抗盐能力逐渐变差。     

丙烯酸共聚物防垢剂对碳酸钙表面电动电位的影响

将等量的CaCl_2溶液和Na_2CO_3溶液混合,测定了加入2种不同丙烯酸共聚物防垢剂后CaCO_3生成过程和溶解过程的表面Zeta电位及悬浮液pH值。结果表明,CaCO_3颗粒带有负电荷,生成过程中加入防垢剂后,CaCO_3表面Zeta电位的绝对值明显升高,悬浮液pH值降低的趋势变缓;在溶垢过程中,加入防垢剂制得的CaCO_3表面Zeta电位的绝对值要高于未加防垢剂的情况,随着溶解的进行,悬浮液越接近平衡pH值,这种Zeta电位间的差异越小。从胶体化学的角度看,Zeta电位的这种变化对防垢作用有较大贡献。     

Fe2+/UV催化臭氧法降解腈纶废水

 研究了Fe²⁺/UV催化臭氧对腈纶废水的降解特性,分析了[Fe²⁺]/[O₃]质量浓度比、气相臭氧质量浓度和光强各因素对Fe²⁺/UV催化臭氧降解性能的影响规律,讨论了Fe²⁺/UV催化臭氧工艺光催化反应动力学特征,并利用红外光谱分析法表征了废水中有机物基团的变化。结果表明,当[Fe²⁺]/[O₃]质量浓度比为3.2~3.8、气相臭氧质量浓度为20～30mg/L和光量子流密度为8.62×10-12 Einstein时,催化效果较好。Fe²⁺/UV催化臭氧工艺降解腈纶废水符合类一级动力学反应,初始COD值在320~400 mg/L范围内,一级反应速率常数为0.01518~0.01762 min-1。温度对动力学影响具有双重性,温度为25~30℃反应最快。经Fe²⁺/UV催化臭氧降解后,腈纶废水中有机基团被有效降解。     

EFFECT OF MOISTURE IN COAL ON ITS ORGANIC SULFUR EXTRACTABILITY

The extent of organic sulfur removed by the perchloroethylene desulfurization process depends upon several factors including the type of coal, the amount of catalyst present in it, and the temperature of organosulfiir extraction. Moisture in coal also plays a very important role in this extraction process. In this paper, the role played by moisture and its subsequent effect on the process efficiency has been investigated. It has been found that the moisture in coal affects the extraction process in two ways. Firstly, in presence of water, the temperature of the operation is reduced. This affects the organosulfiir extraction efficiency adversely. Secondly, the naturally available catalytic ingredients in coal, essential for the organosulfiir extraction, are soluble in water. Therefore, in presence of water, the catalytic potency of these catalytic species is lost, and thus reducing the organosulfiir extractability. The data presented in this paper are also important from the point of view of process development, because it has been experimentally established that the moisture content in coal has to be sufficiently reduced in order to improve the overall process efficiency.     

EFFECT OF MOISTURE IN COAL ON ITS ORGANIC SULFUR EXTRACTABILITY

Abstract

The extent of organic sulfur removed by the perchloroethylene desulfurization process depends upon several factors including the type of coal, the amount of catalyst present in it, and the temperature of organosulfiir extraction. Moisture in coal also plays a very important role in this extraction process. In this paper, the role played by moisture and its subsequent effect on the process efficiency has been investigated. It has been found that the moisture in coal affects the extraction process in two ways. Firstly, in presence of water, the temperature of the operation is reduced. This affects the organosulfiir extraction efficiency adversely. Secondly, the naturally available catalytic ingredients in coal, essential for the organosulfiir extraction, are soluble in water. Therefore, in presence of water, the catalytic potency of these catalytic species is lost, and thus reducing the organosulfiir extractability. The data presented in this paper are also important from the point of view of process development, because it has been experimentally established that the moisture content in coal has to be sufficiently reduced in order to improve the overall process efficiency.     

强化吸收过程的吸收稳定节能流程及模拟分析

开发了一种吸收塔带有侧线抽出的节能流程,新增吸收塔下部侧线液相采出经冷却进入平衡罐,吸收塔底油直接进入稳定塔。并从能量效益方面对比分析新流程与传统“四塔流程”。研究表明,与传统“四塔流程”相比,新流程的解吸塔再沸器负荷、平衡罐前冷却器负荷及系统能耗分别降低12.2%,10.4%,5.2%。