运动模糊图像的摄像机响应函数估计方法

相机响应函数(CRF)存在于照片的形成过程中,是辐照度到图像强度的映射。由于CRF是非线性的,在模糊图像去模糊的过程中有一定的影响,但目前的运动模糊去除算法并未考虑它的影响。为此,研究基于单幅运动模糊图像的CRF估计算法,给出运动模糊模型与CRF相结合的模糊模型,该模型能准确描述实际运动模糊图的形成过程,并在该模型的基础上提出一种灵活选取边界求解CRF的方法。实验结果证明,与传统方法相比,该方法在求解CRF方法上具有较高的准确性。     

基于辐照度的运动模糊图像去模糊

目的 已有的图像运动去模糊研究没有考虑模糊实际上发生在辐照度图像中的问题,也缺少自动检测成块饱和像素的方法。针对这两个问题,提出基于辐照度的运动模糊图像去模糊方法。方法 提出能量累积形成模糊的运动过程与摄像机响应函数相结合的摄像机响应函数求解方法,以及基于块的饱和像素自动检测算法并在此基础上,对辐照度图去除运动模糊和亮度还原,实现清晰原图恢复。结果 对单幅图像的定性去模糊取得了比直接去模糊等前人方法更小的振铃,较好的噪声抑制和清晰图像还原效果;采用信噪比的定量对比也取得较前人方法更高的数值。结论 基于辐照度的方法对图像运动去模糊效率有提升作用。     

基于双L_0稀疏先验的图像运动去模糊

目前图像的运动去模糊方法在处理较复杂的运动模糊时难以得到理想的效果,其原因之一是这些方法普遍只考虑图像梯度的稀疏性,忽略了模糊核的稀疏性。针对这一不足提出一种新的双L_0正则约束的运动模糊去除方法,该方法同时对自然图像梯度和模糊核使用L_0正则约束,结合半正定二次分裂最小化的方法进行求解优化,实现自然模糊图像梯度和模糊核均稀疏下的模糊核估计,并进一步使用L_(0.5)超拉普拉斯正则约束项恢复最终图像。实验发现,该方法可以较好地去除单幅图像较复杂的运动模糊,更好地克服了估计的模糊核中存在的噪点和错误,得到较现有方法更加理想去模糊效果。     

基于边缘先验模型的运动去模糊

从单幅运动模糊图像复原出清晰的图像,一直是数字图像处理领域中富有挑战的问题.基于边缘先验模型和小波分析提出了一种运动模糊退化图像的复原算法.在去模糊之前,对图像进行预处理,将噪声去除,用冲击滤波器增强边缘,并采用canny边缘检测获取清晰边缘作为先验模型,以此估计模糊核;然后在紧小波框架系统下,将清晰图像的稀疏性最大化,采用改进的分裂Bregman方法求解最优化问题,最终得到清晰的图像.实验结果表明,相对于传统的盲复原算法,提出的方法可以有效地去除运动模糊.     

基于Radon变换的运动模糊图像参数估计

运动模糊图像的参数估计直接影响图像的去模糊效果.提出了基于Radon变换的参数估计算法,结合运动模糊图像的频谱特性和Radon变换的数学含义,通过计算运动模糊图像二维频谱的Radon变换值,有效地估计出运动模糊的方向角θ和长度L两个参数.实验表明,该方法简单可行,参数估计准确,最终的图像去模糊效果良好.     

基于超拉普拉斯模型的运动去模糊算法*

通过分析自然图像梯度统计的长尾分布特性,提出一种基于超拉普拉斯模型的图像运动去模糊算法。该算法使用分步交替迭代最小化办法优化能量方程,并在优化过程中采用了查询表法快速求解图像反卷积。实验结果表明,该算法可以在数秒时间内处理完成一幅中等大小的图像,并获得较优的复原结果,其复原效果和对振铃现象的抑制均优于维纳滤波法和Richardson-Lucy复原法。     

基于Radon变换的运动模糊图像参数估计

运动模糊图像的参数估计直接影响图像的去模糊效果。提出了基于Radon变换的参数估计算法,结合运动模糊图像的频谱特性和Radon变换的数学含义,通过计算运动模糊图像二维频谱的Radon变换值,有效地估计出运动模糊的方向角θ和长度L两个参数。实验表明,该方法简单可行,参数估计准确,最终的图像去模糊效果良好。     

采用双框架生成对抗网络的图像运动模糊盲去除

传统运动模糊盲去除方法需先预测模糊图像的模糊核,再复原清晰图像。而实际 环境中的复杂的模糊核使此方法不能在视觉上很好地减小实际图像和复原后图像的差异,且直 接将现流行的生成对抗模型应用在图像模糊盲去除任务中会有严重的模式崩塌现象。因此,围 绕去模糊任务的特点提出了一种端到端的生成对抗网络模型--双框架生成对抗网络。该方案 不需要预测模糊核,直接实现图片运动模糊的盲去除。双框架生成对抗网络在原有 CycleGan 基础上将其网络结构和损失函数均作出了改进,提高了运动图像盲去除的精度,并且在样本有 限情况下大幅度增强了网络的稳定性。实验采用最小均方差优化网络训练,最后通过生成网络 和判别网络对抗训练获得清晰图像。在 ILSVRC2015 VID 数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法复原 质量更高,且复原结果在后续目标检测任务中达到了更优的效果。     

分区域去运动模糊

去运动模糊一直是计算机视觉领域中面向画质增强的一个热点研究方向。模糊核的估算是去运动模糊中的关键问题。提出一种新的思路,即首先将模糊图像按照模糊核的相似度进行图像分割,再对分割后的图像应用空间不变去模糊算法。本文方法主要包含以下几个步骤:分离输入图像中的光照、颜色和纹理信息;分割图像;分区域估算模糊核,计算重叠区域模糊核,并根据计算出的模糊核进行分区域单核去模糊;利用重叠区域整合拼接去模糊结果并还原光照和颜色信息。实验结果表明本文方法比基于单核的去运动模糊算法效果要好。     

基于自适应残差的运动图像去模糊

针对当前运动图像去模糊网络忽略了运动模糊图像的非均匀性,不能有效地恢复图像的高频细节及去除伪影等问题,在对抗网络基础上提出一种基于自适应残差的运动图像去模糊方法.在生成网络中构造由形变卷积模块和通道注意力模块组成的自适应残差模块.其中,形变卷积模块学习运动模糊图像特征的形变量,可以根据图像的形变信息动态调整卷积核的形状和大小,提高网络适应图像形变的能力.通道注意力模块对所提取的形变特征进行通道调整,获取更多的图像高频特征,增强恢复后图像的纹理细节.在公开的GOPRO数据集上进行实验,实验结果表明,该算法的峰值信噪比(PSNR)有较大的提升,能够重建出纹理细节丰富的高质量图像.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。