共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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臭氧—生物活性炭深度处理工艺是当前应用最广泛、技术最成熟的给水处理技术,但该技术在应用过程中也存在着影响饮用水水质安全性的因素。本文系统介绍了臭氧一生物活性炭工艺出水细菌泄漏、臭氧化副产物以及生物可同化有机碳等问题,探讨了臭氧—生物活性炭水质安全问题的解决方案。 相似文献
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预处理强化生物活性炭工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了不同水处理组合工艺的除污染效能,包括化学预处理、常规处理、生物活性炭或臭氧生物活性炭技术的联用。试验结果表明,臭氧预氧化、高锰酸盐复合药剂(PPC)预氧化均能强化生物活性炭或臭氧生物活性炭工艺对各项指标的去除,可提高对浊度、UV254、CODMn的去除率;PPC预氧化与生物活性炭联用技术可强化AOC、BDOC的去除效果,达到生物稳定性的控制要求,是适合我国水厂改造的水处理技术。 相似文献
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上海市某水厂臭氧—生物活性炭技术的应用分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
臭氧—生物活性炭技术是目前国内外应对微污染水源水处理的最常用技术之一。上海某水厂采用预臭氧/常规处理/臭氧—生物活性炭组合工艺运行了4年,活性炭滤池的运行经历了吸附、生物活性炭和换炭3个阶段。运行结果表明,该工艺可以提高对高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、氨氮、锰的去除率,改善出厂水的色度、嗅味和致突变性等多项水质指标,全面提高水质。但该技术也存在一定的局限性,如冬季对氨氮的去除率降低,原水的CODMn过高时出厂水CODMn仍会超过3 mg/L的标准;另外运行中要严格控制生物繁殖,防止微生物流出。此外,臭氧—生物活性炭技术会增加建设投资和运行成本,活性炭更换周期为3年半,以更换2/3的活性炭为宜。 相似文献
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臭氧—活性炭在饮用水深度处理中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了生活饮用水水质卫生新规范,欧美及国内臭氧-活性炭在水处理中的应用情况,针对当前水源有机污染现状和发展,论述了采用臭氧-活性炭进行饮用水深度处理的必要性,给出了活性炭吸浮池设计参数和要求。 相似文献
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臭氧-生物活性炭技术在饮用水处理中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了臭氧—生物活性炭技术的基本原理以及目前国内对该技术的研究情况,在此基础上,详细概括了臭氧—生物活性炭技术对饮用水处理后的效果,最后提出了臭氧—生物活性炭工艺当前所存在的一些问题。 相似文献
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Modeling of bromate formation by ozonation of surface waters in drinking water treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The main objective of this paper is to try to develop statistically and chemically rational models for bromate formation by ozonation of clarified surface waters. The results presented here show that bromate formation by ozonation of natural waters in drinking water treatment is directly proportional to the "Ct" value ("Ctau" in this study). Moreover, this proportionality strongly depends on many parameters: increasing of pH, temperature and bromide level leading to an increase of bromate formation; ammonia and dissolved organic carbon concentrations causing a reverse effect. Taking into account limitation of theoretical modeling, we proposed to predict bromate formation by stochastic simulations (multi-linear regression and artificial neural networks methods) from 40 experiments (BrO(3)(-) vs. "Ctau") carried out with three sand filtered waters sampled on three different waterworks. With seven selected variables we used a simple architecture of neural networks, optimized by "neural connection" of SPSS Inc./Recognition Inc. The bromate modeling by artificial neural networks gives better result than multi-linear regression. The artificial neural networks model allowed us classifying variables by decreasing order of influence (for the studied cases in our variables scale): "Ctau", [N-NH(4)(+)], [Br(-)], pH, temperature, DOC, alkalinity. 相似文献
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O3/BAC对氯化消毒副产物的控制作用 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
采用臭氧化—生物活性炭(O3/BAC)深度处理工艺去除水中消毒副产物前质的试验结果表明,该工艺能够有效去除水中消毒副产物前质,可控制氯化消毒副产物的生成,其中主臭氧化对三卤甲烷前质和卤乙酸前质均具有很好的去除效果,生物活性炭对卤乙酸前质表现出较好的去除效果,但对三卤甲烷前质的去除效果有限;藻类、有机物等在滤层的累积使得砂滤池在同一工作周期中的不同阶段对水中三卤甲烷前质的去除效果有所不同,因而需要合理设置砂滤池的反冲洗周期。臭氧化—生物活性炭工艺充分发挥了臭氧化和生物活性炭两种技术的优点,并相互促进和补充,能够充分保障饮用水的安全性。 相似文献
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以溴离子和有机物浓度不同的5个水厂原水和各工艺段出水为研究对象,考察了不同净水工艺对三卤甲烷(THMs)和卤乙酸(HAAs)这两类典型消毒副产物生成势和种类分布的影响。结果表明,仅采用常规处理工艺对THMs和HAAs生成势的控制效果不明显,而增设生物预处理和臭氧氧化预处理工艺能显著提高常规工艺对THMs和HAAs前体物的去除效果,臭氧/生物活性炭(O3/BAC)深度处理工艺能进一步去除THMs和HAAs的前体物。增设预处理和O3/BAC深度处理工艺,并采取砂滤池后置的净水工艺流程对THMs和HAAs生成势的控制效果最好。对于含溴水体,溴离子浓度越高,有机物中亲水性组分所占比例越高,经氯消毒后生成的溴代THMs和HAAs所占比例就越高。随着处理工艺流程的进行,THMs和HAAs的生成势逐渐降低,但是它们的溴结合因子逐渐增大,即毒性更大的溴代组分所占比例逐渐增大。 相似文献
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不同给水处理工艺的饮用水生物稳定性研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
以生物可同化有机碳(AOC)作为饮用水生物稳定性的评价指标,对常规处理工艺和臭氧/生物活性炭(O3/BAC)深度处理工艺控制AOC的效果进行了研究。结果表明:两种工艺都会使出厂水的生物稳定性变差,常规处理工艺和深度处理工艺使出厂水的AOC平均浓度分别增加了26%、70%;尽管砂滤和BAC滤池去除AOC的效果良好,但O3氧化和氯胺消毒会大幅度提高AOC浓度。因此,有必要采取减少后臭氧投加量或单独采用BAC、增加生物滤池接触时间以及减少消毒剂投加量等措施来控制AOC浓度,促使出厂水水质达到生物稳定。 相似文献
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基于PNN神经网络的地下水水质评价及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概率神经网络是一种训练速度快、网络稳定、应用相当广泛的人工神经网络方法,它通过利用线性学习算法来解决非线性问题,在模式识别的分类问题中得到了广泛的应用。本文在阐述概率神经网络(PNN)原理的基础上,以我国地下水环境质量标准(GB/T14848-93)为训练样本,建立概率神经网络(PNN)模型,并将该网络模型运用于地下水水质评价。通过与灰色聚类法、模糊评判法和指标分类法比较,验证了该模型更为准确、可靠。 相似文献
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Water quality factors affecting bromate reduction in biologically active carbon filters 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Biological removal of the ozonation by-product, bromate, was demonstrated in biologically active carbon (BAC) filters. For example, with a 20-min EBCT, pH 7.5, and influent dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrate concentrations 2.1 and 5.1 mg/l, respectively, 40% bromate removal was obtained with a 20 microg/l influent bromate concentration. In this study, DO, nitrate and sulfate concentrations, pH, and type of source water were evaluated for their effect on bromate removal in a BAC filter. Bromate removal decreased as the influent concentrations of DO and nitrate increased, but bromate removal was observed in the presence of measurable effluent concentrations of DO and nitrate. In contrast, bromate removal was not sensitive to the influent sulfate concentration, with only a slight reduction in bromate removal as the influent sulfate concentration was increased from 11.1 to 102.7 mg/l. Bromate reduction was better at lower pH values (6.8 and 7.2) than at higher pH values (7.5 and 8.2), suggesting that it may be possible to reduce bromate formation during ozonation and increase biological bromate reduction through pH control. Biological bromate removal in Lake Michigan water was very poor as compared to that in tapwater from a groundwater source. Bromate removal improved when sufficient organic electron donor was added to remove the nitrate and DO present in the Lake Michigan water, indicating that the poor biodegradability of the natural organic matter may have been limiting bromate removal in that water. Biological bromate removal was demonstrated to be a sustainable process under a variety of water quality conditions, and bromate removal can be improved by controlling key water quality parameters. 相似文献