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简单介绍了气溶胶灭火剂的灭火机理、分类及应用现状,分析了汽车火灾的原因,着重探讨了两种新型汽车用固定式灭火装置即热气溶胶灭火装置与超细干粉灭火装置之间制备、性能等方面的区别,展望了热气溶胶产品在汽车火灾方面的应用前景. 相似文献
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EBM气溶胶灭火剂是一种新型高效灭火剂,其灭火效率高于哈龙类灭火剂。燃烧反应产生的白色烟雾对火灾具有抑制作用。白色烟雾中含有固体颗粒物质,这些颗粒物降落形成的残留物潮解后对金属材料及线路板等有腐蚀性。对气溶胶灭火剂颗粒物潮解进行研究,研究结果表明:空气的相对湿度是影响气溶胶颗粒物潮解的主要因素。 相似文献
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灭火气溶胶发生剂灭火机理及配方设计 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过研究烟雾灭火剂与干粉灭火剂,探讨了灭火气溶胶发生剂的主要组分的选择原则,论述了灭火气溶胶发生剂的灭火机理,并由正交试验确定了发生剂的基本配方,试验证明灭火效果符合要求。 相似文献
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A novel hot aerosol extinguishing agent (HAEA), which is the combination of pyrotechnics and flame retardant technology, was found to have great efficiency in extinguishing Class B fires. A mixture of P and P3N5, referred to as P90x, was chosen as the reductant, and phase stabilized ammonium nitrate was chosen as the oxidant. This paper describes a study of the effectiveness of this agent in extinguishing n‐heptane fires (ie, Class B fires). We determined that the best efficiency was 15 g/m3 for extinguishing n‐heptane fires, four times more efficient than a traditional agent. The efficiency increases as the mass fraction of P90x rises. We also identified the key difference between the novel extinguishing agent and the traditional agent. The former consists of an inorganic phosphorus compound, while the latter is mainly comprised of KOH. Consequently, their extinguishing mechanisms are different. The phosphorus oxide of the novel HAEAs is the leading component to extinguish fire, which is more effective than alkali salts. 相似文献
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Mikhail Krasnyansky 《火与材料》2006,30(5):371-382
A new method for distant extinguishing of fire spreading in an extended closed volume such as a mine working, storehouse, subway tunnel, electric cable channels, etc. is proposed. A novel extinguishing agent based on a stable mixture of superfine ammonium phosphate [NH4H2PO4] and modified fumed silica [SiO2–CH3] is supplied to the fire by a powerful ventilator. The properties of the extinguishing agent (average particle size, airborne residence time, distance of transfer by the air stream) have been studied in an experimental chamber (100 m3). A test extinguishing of a large‐scale fire has been performed in an experimental tunnel 180 m in length. Extinguishing agent consumption, dynamics of temperature change over the tunnel length and composition of fire gases were recorded in this test. The influence of foam concentration, addition of nitrogen and halons to aerosol, were also studied. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The relationship between the particle size distribution and the extinguishing effectiveness of the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent has been studied experimentally, to explore the reason of the great extinguishing efficiency exhibited by the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent on Class B fire (liquid fuel fire). The results of the experiment showed that the extinguishing effectiveness increased along with the decrease of the particle size distribution. In addition, a sharp discontinuity appeared around the limiting size, about 40 μm. The powder with the particle size below 40 μm exhibited highly effective extinguishing with the minimum effective extinguishing concentration Cxr = 23 g·m?3, while the powder with the particle size above 40 μm exhibited little fire extinguishing efficiency. Compared with other fire extinguishing agents produced by different substances, the new K‐powder fire extinguishing has the bigger limiting size. That means, in the same particle size distribution, the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent contains more highly effective powder than others contain, and is more effective. 相似文献
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研究了干粉灭火系统管道的管径、管道压力损失和防护区泄压口面积等关键参数的计算方法,给出了干粉输送管道管径、管道压力损失和防护区泄压口面积的计算公式。 相似文献
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空气泡沫灭火剂与石油化工火灾扑救 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来频发的石油化工火灾为人们敲响了安全警钟,再一次引起人们对石油化工火灾问题的高度关注。文章介绍了在石油化工火灾中常用空气泡沫灭火剂的种类、灭火机理、适用范围、优点及不足,指出了空气泡沫灭火剂使用时的注意事项,并展望了其在石油化工火灾中的应用前景。 相似文献
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整个系统主要由泡沫消防泵、稳压泵（也可不设）、泡沫液储存装置、泡沫比例混合装置、输送管道、湿式报警阀组（雨淋阀组）、喷头等组成。系统形式的选择,要综合考虑保护物料的燃烧特点,火灾的蔓延速度,火灾损失的严重程度,一旦发生火灾对周边建构筑物的影响等多种因素。 相似文献
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Onochie Okonkwo Sukrant Dhawan Pratim Biswas 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(2):1481-1490
In this study, a spray flame aerosol reactor (S-FLAR) is used to synthesize alumina nanoparticles. The as-produced powders are then characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 physisorption, and transmission electron microscopy to determine the crystal phase, surface area, particle size distribution, and morphology. The effects of the precursor, dispersion oxygen, and sheath oxygen rates on the characteristics of synthesized alumina were investigated. On increasing the precursor rate, decreasing the dispersion oxygen rate or sheath oxygen rate; the alumina powder surface area decreased. With increasing precursor rates and decreasing dispersion oxygen rates, the proportion of theta alumina increased and that of eta alumina decreased. When using an S-FLAR to synthesize alumina, the dispersion oxygen rate offers the best control of the surface area, while the precursor rate controls the crystal phase proportions. This result is useful for the design and operation of spray flame aerosol reactors to produce alumina-based catalysts. 相似文献
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A. G. Shmakov V. M. Shvartsberg O. P. Korobeinichev M. W. Beach T. I. Hu T. A. Morgan 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2007,43(5):501-508
The chemical and thermal structure of a Mache-Hebra burner stabilized premixed rich CH4/O2/N2 flame with additives of vapors of triphenylphosphine oxide [(C6H5)3PO], hexabromocyclododecane (C12H18Br6), and ethyl bromide (C2H5Br) was studied experimentally using molecular beam mass spectrometry (MBMS) and a microthermocouple method. The concentration profiles of stable and active species, including atoms and free radicals, and flame temperature pro.les were determined at a pressure of 1 atm. A comparison of the experimental and modeling results on the flame structure shows that MBMS is a suitable method for studying the structure of flames stabilized on a Mache-Hebra burner under near-adiabatic conditions. The relative flame inhibition effectiveness of the added compounds is estimated from changes in the peak concentrations of H and OH radicals in the flame and from changes in the flame propagation velocity. The results of the investigation suggest that place of action of the examined flame retardants is the gas phase. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 12–20, September–October, 2007. 相似文献
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The diethylenetriamine chelate complex of copper(II) carbonate—DETA‐CuCO3 (a fire retardant hardener of epoxy resins)—and the CuCO3‐containing epoxy‐amine polymers—DGEBA/DETA‐CuCO3(6), DGEBA/DETA‐CuCO3(12), DGEBA/DETA‐CuCO3(40), and DGEBA/DETA‐CuCO3(80) with suppressed combustibility—have been obtained in the DETA‐DGEBA‐CuCO3 system (DETA and DGEBA are diethylenetriamine and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, respectively). The DETA‐CuCO3 chelate complex was characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction, infrared spectra, and thermal analysis. The thermal gravimetric analysis results have revealed that thermal destruction of DETA‐CuCO3 was finished at 400°С, and the maximal temperature of the combustion gases amounted to 520°С. The thermal behavior and combustibility of the CuCO3‐containing epoxy‐amine polymers were studied using thermal analysis and “Ceramic tube” (CT) method. Thermal gravimetric analysis confirms that incorporation of the DETA‐CuCO3 into DGEBA appreciably heightens the thermal stability and antiflammability of the CuCO3‐containing epoxy‐amine polymers. Results of CT measurement reveal that maximal temperature of the combustion gases under burning of the DGEBA/DETA‐CuCO3(12) sample in comparison with unmodified epoxy‐amine polymer (DGEBA/DETA) is lowered on 219°С and the loss of weight is decreased on 20.5 wt%. According to ASTM 635‐14, ASTM D2863‐13, and ASTM D1929‐16, the flame propagation rate, limiting oxygen index, and temperatures of ignition and self‐ignition have been measured for the elaborated polymer samples. 相似文献
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水成膜泡沫灭火剂是目前世界公认性能最佳的油类环保型灭火剂。针对目前该类产品大多为淡水型,存在耐寒、耐盐性较差的特点,文章详细阐述了可弥补这些不足的高浓度低冻点耐海水型水成膜泡沫灭火剂的技术原理,研究方法,应用优势,并对研究成果在技术、经济、社会效益方面进行了系统的分析,从而得出研究成果的使用价值比其他类型的水成膜泡沫灭火剂具有更高的综合竞争力与良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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概述了低压二氧化碳灭火系统的组成和优点 ,详细地介绍了其设计计算步骤 ,并给出了相关图表。 相似文献
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Highly flame‐resistant glass‐epoxy laminates without flame‐retarding additives such as halogen and phosphorous compounds have been developed to overcome environmental problems caused by these additives. The laminates consist mainly of a self‐extinguishing epoxy‐resin compound (phenol aralkyl), an incombustible‐gas generator (amino‐triazine‐novolac hardener: ATN hardener), and inorganic materials such as a charring promoter (zinc molybdate on talc: ZMT) and a limited amount of harmless metal hydroxide (aluminum trihydroxide: ATH). They are highly flame‐resistant and have other beneficial characteristics, including soldering‐heat resistance, humidity resistance, electronic properties, and processing advantages. These qualities make them applicable enough to replace the FR‐4 type printed wiring boards (PWBs) that are widely used today. Simultaneously using the ATN hardener and ZMT in the laminates, including the epoxy‐resin compound and ATH, greatly improved their flame retardance. We then reduced the amount of ATH to obtain even better flame retardance in the laminates. This reduction of the ATH, consequently, improved other practical characteristics such as soldering‐heat resistance, humidity resistance, and electronic properties. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3367–3375, 2006 相似文献