对位芳香族聚酰胺纤维及其增强复合材料的发展

介绍了对位芳香族聚酰胺纤维(对位芳纶)特别是聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的国内外发展情况,包括纤维品种、产量、性能和该类纤维作为先进复合材料骨架的发展情况。指出我国发展包括芳纶Ⅲ在内的对位芳纶产业的必要性和紧迫性,以及芳纶表面改性、树脂基体及增强复合材料的研究重点和方向。     

Rheological characterization of polymers fiber composite

The use of reinforced polymer composites has continued to show substantial growth due to desirable cost and performance characteristics, especially related to mechanical properties. Wollastonite and glass fibers are materials that can be used to improve polymer performance. Its vast array of applications suggests potential usage in various fields of work (e.g., plastics, friction materials paintings, coating, and construction products), but there is not much data available in the literature related to rheological properties of fiber reinforced polymers. In this work, a study of shear and extensional properties of composite materials containing wollastonite and glass fibers is performed using rotational and extensional rheometry. Suspensions containing different concentrations of wollastonite and glass fibers, in Newtonian and viscoelastic matrices are investigated. Results are obtained for different concentrations and temperatures. It is observed that even the addition of low fiber concentration can affect both shear and elongational properties, leading to different final products characteristics. POLYM. COMPOS. 34:1269–1278, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

国内外新型复合硬质合金材料的发展动态

介绍了WC-Co/TiC-Al2O3、WC-Co/金刚石、WC-Co/SiC涂层等几种硬质合金复合材料的成分与工艺、性能和应用效果.结果表明,在特殊工况条件下使用此类复合材料,耐磨性和韧性明显提高.     

聚酯类聚合物的共混及复合研究(续二)

<正>2复合由于2种组分不同的收缩性,复合纤维具有自卷曲性能,而PET/PTT的热收缩差异,正是制备卷曲纤维所需要的,从而使它有着良好的应用价值。由于弹性纤维氨纶使用时需包覆其他纤维,而且不     

聚酯类聚合物的共混及复合研究(续一)

综述了国内外近年来有关PET/PTT,PET/PBT,PET/PEN共混物的研究成果,包括共混物的转变温度,结晶性能,对链交换反应的影响因素,链交换反应的测定,以及共混后性能的改善情况。同时还介绍了PET/PTT复合改性纤维。     

基于5G打造激光导航移动机器人新模态

激光导航AGV因其能够适应复杂的应用场景和繁琐、智能的指令需求,以及在精益化柔性生产方面展示出来的无与伦比的优势,已成为目前搬运机器人的高水平代表,并在越来越多的智能制造领域得以投入使用。     

Investigation on flammability of rigid polyurethane foam‐mineral fillers composite

This study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with mineral fillers feldspar or kaolinite clay in order to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties. Influence of mineral fillers on the mechanical strength was characterized by compressive strength and flexural strength measurement. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to diagnose the changes in thermal properties, while cone calorimeter test was performed to ascertain the flame retardancy of the mineral filler–incorporated rigid polyurethane foam composites. Results showed that the foams incorporated with mineral filler demonstrated up to 182% increase in compressive strength and 351% increase in flexural strength. Thermal stability of these composite foams was also found to be enhanced on the incorporation of kaolinite clay filler with an increase in 5% weight loss temperature (T_5%) from 192°C to 260°C. Furthermore, peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decreased on the incorporation of mineral filler in the rigid polyurethane foam. So mineral fillers are ascertained as a potential filler to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant behaviors of bio‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites.     

Recycling carbon fiber from composite waste and its reinforcing effect on polyvinylidene fluoride composite: Mechanical,morphology, and interface properties

Recycled carbon fiber (RCF) was reclaimed from thermoset composite waste and employed as reinforcement from 0 to 30 wt% to prepare polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/RCF composite. Commercial virgin carbon fiber (VCF) was used as comparison. The surface morphology, chemistry, and tensile properties of carbon fibers were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and tensile test. Results showed that the roughness, O/C ratio and –COO content of RCF surface were significantly improved after recycling. In addition, the single fiber tensile strength and modulus of RCF was lower than that of VCF. The interfacial adhesion between RCF and PVDF was much stronger due to the high chemical activity and roughness over the RCF surface. Mechanical properties of composites were investigated by flexural test, impact test, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). It is found that the PVDF/RCF composite showed higher flexural properties, storage modulus, and lower impact strength, which indicated the strong interfacial adhesion, played an important role in reinforcing. The morphology of fracture further demonstrated the strong interface in PVDF/RCF composite. The fiber length distribution and crystallinity of composites were also evaluated to characterize the composites. The work develops potential for recycling and reuse of carbon fiber, and also expands the application of PVDF based composite. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:2544–2552, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

玄武岩连续纤维及其复合材料

介绍了玄武岩连续纤维及其复合材料在国内外发展的历史和现状,以及该新材料的主要特点、应用领域。     

Investigation of new composite materials based on activated EPDM rubber waste particles by liquid polymers

Despite of the variety of existing techniques, there is still a continuous demand in the development of more efficient recycling technologies, for economic and environmental reasons. A new approach for recycling EPDM rubber waste has been recently introduced utilizing a solvent free activation process by addition of liquid polymers (LP). The present study investigates the influence of the content and varying types of activated rubber waste particles (RWP‐LP) in new composites. By varying the proportion of RWP‐LP in the range from 25 up to 75 v/v % information about optimized compositions of new compounds were obtained. It was found that the ratio and type of RWP‐LP induce significant differences in terms of cure characteristics, mechanical properties, crosslink density and morphology. Promising results with high potential application for the production of seal and sealing systems on the industrial scale were obtained by using up to 50 v/v % of RWP‐LP with low ethylene amount. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42097.     

新型水泥基功能复合材料的研究进展

随着人类社会和科学技术的发展．功能单一的传统水泥材料已不能满足日新月异的工程需要和新技术革命的挑战。现代建筑要求水泥材料不仅要承受荷载，还要有光、电、磁、声、热等功能．以适应多功能和智能建筑的要求。因此，越来越多的研究者致力于新型水泥基功能复合材料的研究．以期拓宽水泥基材料的应用范围。本文重点介绍以下几种新型水泥基功能复合材料的组成、性能及研究状况。     

Characterization of a ceramic composite material based on beidellite clay and ash-and-slag waste

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of mullitized glass, which is the main structural element of ceramics responsible for the strength of finished articles, were determined by local X-ray spectrum analysis. It was experimentally found that the amount of a mullitized glass phase formed in compositions with increased iron oxide content was greater; however, in this case, the acid resistance of the material decreased.     

Multifunctional advanced ceramics from preceramic polymers and nano-sized active fillers

In this paper, the introduction of nano-sized active fillers into preceramic polymers for the realization of multifunctional ceramic components is discussed. Several silicate and oxynitride systems have been produced, by heat treatment in air or nitrogen, greatly widening the compositional range of ceramics made from preceramic polymers. Phase pure ceramics were obtained with very favorable reaction kinetics, and therefore at low temperature and for short heating times. Shaping of the components was carried out using several plastic forming technologies, such as warm pressing, extrusion, injection molding, foaming, machining, fused deposition and 3D printing. Some significant examples of this new methodology are described, ranging from relatively simple oxide systems (mullite, zircon, cordierite, fosterite, yttrium-silicates) to more complex oxynitride ceramics (SiAlONs, YSiONs). Some results concerning the potential application of these components, ranging from structural or thermo-structural functions (bulk components and environmental barrier coatings) to more functional purposes (bioactive ceramics and inorganic phosphors), are also reported.     

Direct ink writing of silica-carbon-calcite composite scaffolds from a silicone resin and fillers

Calcite-based composite scaffolds have been successfully 3D-printed by direct ink writing, starting from a paste comprising a silicone polymer and calcite (CaCO₃) powders. The firing in nitrogen, at 600?°C, after preliminary cross-linking step at 350?°C, determined the transformation of the polymer matrix into a silica-carbon nano-composite, embedding unreacted calcite particles. Compared to previously developed silica-calcite scaffolds, obtained after firing in air, the new composites exhibited a significant strength improvement (up to ～10?MPa, for a total open porosity of 56%). The new formulation did not compromise the in vitro bioactivity and the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as shown by dissolution studies in SBF and preliminary cell culture tests, with human fibroblasts. Due to the simplicity of the processing and the outstanding mechanical performances, the developed scaffolds are promising candidates for bone tissue engineering applications.     

Preparation of microgel composite hydrogels by heating natural drying microgel composite polymers

Acrylamide‐co‐2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid‐based microgel composite (MC) hydrogels were prepared by heating natural drying MC polymers. It can reduce the influence of water content on the hydrogel properties. The natural drying MC polymer was swelling when the microgel content exceeded 0.5. It was soluble when the microgel content was 0.25, which was used to investigate the heating conditions. Under 50°C, MC hydrogels was obtained and hydrogen bonding was the reason for their formation. The tensile strength increased and the tensile elongation decreased as the heating time increased. When the heating time was 3 h, the tensile elongation decreased, as the heating temperature increased from 50°C to 80°C. However, the tensile strength increased first and then decreased. Under 60°C, the MC hydrogel had a high tensile strength of 155.3 kPa and a high tensile elongation of 313.3%. The more crosslinking density and the formation of covalent crosslinking bonds between the microgel particles and hydrogel matrix led to an increase in the tensile strength. However, the excess crosslinking of the polymer chains under high temperature could reduce the tensile strength. The tensile strength increased as the microgel content increased to 0.75 and then decreased as microgel content further increased. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40841.     

Properties of composite laminated material produced with layers of beech and paperboard made from waste paper

One of the basic principles for sustainable development is to prevent wasting resources, preserve natural resources, and recycle the products obtained from resources. For this study, paperboard obtained from waste paper was laminated with natural wooden layers in accordance with the order of beech‐paperboard‐beech‐paperboard‐beech and an alternate material was produced. In this context, experiments were made for determining the specific gravity, compression, shearing, bending strength, elasticity module, and the resistance to direct withdrawal of screws and nails on a radial section surface with the objective of determining the usability of this material as a building material. When the findings obtained at the end of the experiments are studied carefully in a comparative manner, it was observed that paperboard laminated materials could be used with different objectives in interiors to protect against humidity. It was determined that it could be used in place of solid poplar materials for places of use where resistance to compression, elasticity module, and resistance to direct withdrawal of screws and nails on a radial section surface are important and in places where resistance to bending and shearing is required after taking the necessary measures. In the end, a contribution to the literature was provided by researching possibilities for different use of a material regained from waste and to provide sustainability. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1943–1952, 2006     

Development of a bio‐based composite material from soybean oil and keratin fibers

A novel bio‐based composite material, suitable for electronic as well as automotive and aeronautical applications, was developed from soybean oils and keratin feather fibers (KF). This environmentally friendly, low‐cost composite can be a substitute for petroleum‐based composite materials. Keratin fibers are a hollow, light, and tough material and are compatible with several soybean (S) resins, such as acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO). The new KFS lightweight composites have a density ρ ≈ 1 g/cm³, when the KF volume fraction is 30%. The hollow keratin fibers were not filled by resin infusion and the composite retained a significant volume of air in the hollow structure of the fibers. Due to the retained air, the dielectric constant, k, of the composite material was in the range of 1.7–2.7, depending on the fiber volume fraction, and these values are significantly lower than the conventional silicon dioxide or epoxy, or polymer dielectric insulators. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the 30 wt % composite was 67.4 ppm/°C; this value is low enough for electronic application and similar to the value of silicon materials or polyimides used in printed circuit boards. The water absorption of the AESO polymer was 0.5 wt % at equilibrium and the diffusion coefficient in the KFS composites was dependent on the keratin fiber content. The incorporation of keratin fibers in the soy oil polymer enhanced the mechanical properties such as storage modulus, fracture toughness, and flexural properties, ca. 100% increase at 30 vol %. The fracture energy of a single keratin fiber in the composite was determined to be about 3 kJ/m² with a fracture stress of about 100–200 MPa. Considerable improvements in the KFS composite properties should be possible by optimization of the resin structure and fiber selection. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 1524–1538, 2005     

新型水溶性芯模材料的研制

将磷酸酯淀粉与刚性填料,通过共混制备了新型的水溶性芯模材料。并对其压缩强度、水溶性等进行了测试,分析了影响性能的各种因素。实验结果表明,在磷酸酯淀粉中加入质量分数10%的刚性填料所制得的水溶性芯模材料,具有强度高、表面光洁、水溶性好等特点。     

无机非金属矿物填料的研究进展

简要概述了无机非金属矿物填料出现的时代背景、填料性质及对聚合物性能的影响、应用技术现状以及未来的发展趋势 ,并提出了一些有待进一步完善的不足之处     

高性能聚乙烯纤维及其复合材料研究进展

作为新型有机纤维,高性能聚乙烯纤维的性能与应用研究是科研人员研究的热点之一。本文综述了近年来高性能聚乙烯纤维的制备、表面改性及其复合材料应用方面的研究进展。