国内外卫生陶瓷标准比较

我国卫生陶瓷产量约占世界总产量的30％，陶瓷作为我国的传统出口产品，在世界上占有重要地位。经过70余年的发展、调整与创新，我国建筑卫生陶瓷生产实力更加强大，特别是加入啪后，我国许多陶瓷企业加大了走向国际市场的力度，使建筑卫生陶瓷产品出口取得了很大的成绩。     

建筑卫生陶瓷的促销组合策略

１前言随着我国经济的快速发展,建筑卫生陶瓷的生产状况也得到前所未有的发展。特别是建筑陶瓷,１９９５年便以９亿ｍ２／年的瓷砖产量而居世界第一,超过了一直雄居世界建筑陶瓷榜首的意大利。我国瓷砖产量占世界产量的２７%;消费量也是第一,占世界消费量的２７．７%。卫生瓷增长也很快,但质量档次低,高档卫生瓷依赖于进口。总的情况是,建筑卫生陶瓷产量增长过快,超过了市场的总需求增长,国内市场供过于求,厂家被迫竞相降价;在国际市场上竞争力薄弱,特别是卫生瓷,在质量和档次上难与先进国家的产品抗衡。目前虽然很多企业的产品大量积压、滞…     

2014中国硅酸盐学会陶瓷分会建筑卫生陶瓷专业委员会学术年会暨西部瓷都建陶产业发展研讨会

<正>随着我国建筑卫生陶瓷行业加快产品结构调整和节能减排的步伐,建筑卫生陶瓷行业面临着巨大的发展机遇与挑战。2014年随着房地产调控政策的持续,房地产市场持续低迷,建筑卫生陶瓷企业面临市场低迷和产能过剩的双重压力,在此情况下,中国硅酸盐学会陶瓷分会建筑卫生陶瓷专业委员会力邀建筑卫生陶瓷协会、咸阳陶瓷研究设计院、陕西科技大学材料学院、景德镇陶瓷学院、佛山出入境检疫检验局、杭州诺贝尔陶瓷集团等单位,决定于2014年7月16~18日在四川·夹江峨眉山月酒店隆重召开2014学术年会,共同商讨建筑卫生陶瓷行业所面临的问题,请与会专家研讨新技术、新产品、新装备。同期举办西部瓷都建陶产业发展研讨会,会期3     

中国建筑卫生陶瓷行业发展现状及趋势

通过分析我国建筑卫生陶瓷行业,特别是陶瓷成套技术装备自改革开发以来的发展现状和水平,认为虽取得长足发展,国际竞争力与日俱增,但与发达国家相比,仍存在一定的差距。同时根据陶瓷行业的发展特点和市场需求,对建筑卫生陶瓷技术发展进行了预测。     

广东陶瓷业发展的必然选择大力推广清洁生产

目前广东建筑卫生陶瓷既是全国最大的生产、出口省份和最具影响力的产区,也是世界最大的生产基地,2003年建筑及卫生陶瓷类获“中国名牌”的12个品牌中广东省就占了8个,广东的建筑卫生陶瓷出口额占全国的60％以上,近几年来,我国建筑卫生陶瓷出口量逐年增长,每年出口量增长率保持30％。参与国际市场的竞争、开拓国际市场已成为广东陶瓷行业共同努力的方向。     

论建筑卫生陶瓷生产的调整对策

1 建筑卫生陶瓷工业的现状和存在问题1.1 自1983年以来,全国各地先后引进陶瓷生产线400多条,卫生陶瓷窑炉40多座和注浆线数十条,消化吸收国外先进设备和技术,使行业技术进步取得了长足发展,先进技术和设备已占主导地位.但是传统落后的工艺和设备仍占有相当大的比例,技术改造任务还很艰巨.1.2 八五期间,我国陶瓷砖和卫生陶瓷分别以47%和22%的年均增长率高速发展,陶瓷砖的年产量已超过10亿m~2,卫生陶瓷的年产量也达5000万件以上,均居世界之首.为振兴我国的陶瓷工业,美化城乡建设发挥了巨大作用.然而由于产量的剧增,建筑卫生陶瓷产销不平衡的矛盾非常突出,市场供大于求.在激烈的市场竞争中,部分国有、大集体和合资企业占据着质量和品种领先的地位,而乡镇和个体企业则占据着产量和牵制着市场价格的优势.为争夺市场,不少企业竟相降价,令企业经济效益严重受挫.     

中国陶瓷市场发展状况及国际市场趋势

国内陶瓷市场发展状况 目前,建筑卫生陶瓷市场销售中,80％以上的产品属于中低档产品,20％为高档产品（包括进口产品）。低档产品充满了市场,产品大量积压,市场销售疲软。产品质量低,配套能力差,产品结构不合理,特别是缺乏市场应变能力和竞争能力,致使一些高档产品还依赖进口（四星级以上的饭店使用的建筑卫生陶瓷还依赖进口）。     

新标准下建筑卫生陶瓷行业应对能耗问题的研究——循环经济思想指导下的途径探索

伴随着陶瓷行业的飞速发展,其耗能严重的问题也日益突出.产生高能耗问题的重要原因之一是建筑卫生陶瓷行业的标准滞后,旧标准<建筑卫生陶瓷能耗等级定额>将能耗等级定额分为4级,从最高的国家特级到及格级,范围很宽,对行业的能耗几乎没有约束管理作用,仅有评比定级的作用.为此,国家建筑卫生陶瓷标准化委员会颁布了新标准<建筑卫生陶瓷产品单位能源消耗限额>,其中的限额基本上都高于旧标准中的国家特级.我国企业必须适应"新能耗标准",达到节能降耗的目的,可行之路就是发展循环经济,通过技术、管理、政策三管齐下,才能实现建筑卫生陶瓷行业真正的节能和降耗.     

2014中国西部国际陶瓷卫浴展览会

<正>"中国西部国际陶瓷卫浴展览会"是由国家工业和信息化部原材料司、陕西省工业和信息化厅、中国建材集团有限公司、咸阳陶瓷研究设计院、陶城报联合主办,面向我国西北、西南十省区、内蒙古、中亚、西亚以及俄罗斯的国际性陶瓷和卫浴产品的贸易展览会。中国建材咸阳陶瓷研究设计院是我国唯一一家面向建筑卫生陶瓷行业的国家级专业科研院所,多个国家级行业平台均设在该院。在建筑卫生陶瓷及卫浴产品行业拥有良好的背景。佛山市陶城报社出版有限公司是中国陶瓷行业权威专业媒体机构,出版发行的《陶城报》是中国陶瓷行业独     

加大科技投入使建筑卫生陶瓷工业由大变强

截止到1998年底的统计资料表明:我国建筑陶瓷产量已达18.7亿m~2,占世界产量的2/5,卫生陶瓷产量为5400万件,占世界产量的l/4,其总量已居世界第一.但就其产品质量而言,我国建筑陶瓷产品中高中档产品仅为20%,卫生陶瓷中高档产品仅为10%左右,是一个典型的大而不强的行业.因此,加快行业的技术进步,加大科技投入势在必行.     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

Wetting properties of homopolymers and copolymers of pentafluorostyrene and methylacrylate and homopolymer blends

Polypentafluorostyrene (PPFS), polymethylacrylate (PMA), and poly(pentafluorostyrene-co-methylacrylate), poly(PFS-co-MA) were prepared and the wetting characteristics of polymer blends of PPFS and PMA were compared with that of poly(PFS-co-MA) via contact angle measurements. The critical surface tension of polypentafluorostyrene was found to be 22.6 dyne/cm, which is comparable to the value reported for polytrifluoroethylene (22 dyne/cm). The critical surface tension of poly(PFS-co-MA) is not linearly related to its composition. The polymer blends of PPFS and PMA exhibit significant surface enrichment of the fluoropolymer. The harmonic-mean method¹ was employed to determine surface tensions of these polymers and many known polymers. It is found that the method produces useful surface tension data provided the contact angle values are derived from testing liquids of dissimilar polarity.     

责任和责任心的涵义与结构

责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.