H型鳍片副省煤器在丰城新高焦化干熄焦的应用

介绍了 H型鳍片副省煤器的结构、原理、特点和实际使用情况,并提出设备使用过程中的建议,为H型鳍片副省煤器在干熄焦的应用提供了可借鉴资料.     

5号锅炉上级省煤器技术改造

本文介绍了5#锅炉上级省煤器改造技术,通过对国内外锅炉省煤器技术对比,证明采用H型鳍片省煤器代替光管省煤器进行技术改造具有显著的经济效益。     

基于Inventor特征的H型鳍片管省煤器参数化设计

本文主要介绍了H型鳍片管省煤器参数化设计的原理及方法。     

H型鳍片管结构参数选取方法

提出了单位质量鳍片管换热量与引风单位耗功所回收热量两个评价H型鳍片管性能的主要指标,给出了H型鳍片管结构参数选取的方法。通过对不同鳍片宽度与鳍片间距的H型鳍片管进行数值研究发现,单位质量鳍片管换热量随鳍片宽度的增加先增加后降低,并且在不同鳍片间距下,该指标达到最大值时所对应的鳍片宽度均在55～60 mm;引风单位耗功所回收热量随鳍片宽度的变化也呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,但在不同鳍片间距下,该指标达到最大值时所对应的鳍片宽度逐渐增加。当两个指标达到最大值时,所对应的鳍片间距均为最小值,因此,在选取鳍片管结构参数时,应根据单位质量鳍片管换热量与引风单位耗功所回收热量两个指标并兼顾制造工艺与热量回收区域的积灰状况进行选取。     

CFB锅炉应用螺旋鳍片管省煤器技术改造

针对云宁矸石热电有限公司锅炉尾部烟道省煤器产生的磨损、漏水、堵灰、排烟温度偏高的实际情况,应用螺旋鳍片管省煤器对高温段锅炉省煤器进行改造,消除锅炉省煤器缺陷,降低锅炉排烟温度,减少排烟热损失,提高锅炉效率,满足锅炉运行的要求。     

三维管烟气换热器传热特性的实验及模拟研究

通过实验对三维管换热元件与传统H型鳍片管进行测试,研究其传热特性. 结果表明,三维管换热器的总换热系数是H型鳍片管换热器的2?3倍,采用错列布置换热管比顺列布置换热管的阻力大. 修正的气侧对流换热系数关联式更符合实际,计算结果比原式提高约26%,FLUENT软件能很好模拟三维管换热器的实际情况,模拟结果误差较小.     

干熄焦锅炉膨胀节问题分析及处理方法

分析了干熄焦锅炉膨胀节压缩不均、省煤器上部H型钢出现裂纹的原因,并从设备、施工和运行方面给出解决方法,供相关企业参考。     

鳍片管式省煤器在130t/h煤粉锅炉上的应用

介绍了鳍片式省煤器在煤粉锅炉上使用后,增强了锅炉水与烟气的换热效果,提高了锅炉给水介质温度,降低了排烟温度,起到了较好的节能减排作用,值得推广。     

垂直水冷壁异形鳍片区域温度与热应力分布

超/超超临界锅炉垂直水冷壁中间集箱附近的水冷壁异形鳍片区域向火侧易出现横向裂纹,可能导致水冷壁泄漏或爆管。以某660 MW超超临界锅炉为对象,介绍了水冷壁异形鳍片区域温度和热应力的数值计算模型。针对横向裂纹问题,基于计算数据分析了该区域的温度和热应力分布特征,以及锅炉负荷变化和水冷壁尺寸的影响。结果表明,异形鳍片旁的管壁向火侧顶点的轴向拉应力和等效应力大,锅炉变负荷运行易产生交变热应力,导致横向裂纹;异形鳍片中心为整个模型温度最高处,轴向应力和等效应力值也较大,需要重点关注;异形鳍片与管壁交接处等效应力大,材料失效时容易产生裂纹,可能向旁边的异形鳍片区域管壁向火侧延伸。     

垂直水冷壁异形鳍片区域温度与热应力分布

超/超超临界锅炉垂直水冷壁中间集箱附近的水冷壁异形鳍片区域向火侧易出现横向裂纹,可能导致水冷壁泄漏或爆管。以某660 MW超超临界锅炉为对象,介绍了水冷壁异形鳍片区域温度和热应力的数值计算模型。针对横向裂纹问题,基于计算数据分析了该区域的温度和热应力分布特征,以及锅炉负荷变化和水冷壁尺寸的影响。结果表明,异形鳍片旁的管壁向火侧顶点的轴向拉应力和等效应力大,锅炉变负荷运行易产生交变热应力,导致横向裂纹;异形鳍片中心为整个模型温度最高处,轴向应力和等效应力值也较大,需要重点关注;异形鳍片与管壁交接处等效应力大,材料失效时容易产生裂纹,可能向旁边的异形鳍片区域管壁向火侧延伸。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。