CeO2抛光液对SiO2介质的抛光性能

以CeO₂为磨料配制抛光液,研究了磨料质量分数、pH及添加剂对SiO₂介质去除速率和表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明,在抛光液的磨料质量分数为1%,pH为5的条件下,SiO₂介质的去除速率为248.9 nm/min。向其中加入质量分数为1%的L-脯氨酸或0.075%的阴离子表面活性剂TSPE-PO(三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯)后,SiO₂介质的去除速率分别提高至268.6 nm/min和302.5 nm/min,表面粗糙度(Rq)从原来的0.588 nm分别变为0.601 nm和0.522 nm。     

Effect of hydroxy carboxylates as complexing agent on improving chemical mechanical polishing performance of M-plane sapphire and action mechanism analysis

As sapphire device performance continues to improve, greater challenges are posed to the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of sapphire, with its high degree of hardness and brittleness. M-plane sapphire substrates are not widely used because they are more difficult to process, despite having higher luminous efficiency than C-plane substrates. In this study, the effect of three hydroxyl carboxylates, namely potassium tartrate (PT), potassium citrate (Cit) and sodium gluconate (Gluc), as complexing agents on the CMP of M-plane sapphire was investigated to obtain a high material removal rate (MRR) and low root mean square surface roughness (Sq). First, the chemical reactivities of the three complexing agents were predicted with Material Studio (MS) software. The predicted results showed that the complexing ability of the three complexing agents was greatest for Gluc, followed by Cit, with PT having the least complexing ability. Experimental results confirmed that Gluc was the optimal complexing agent for the M-plane sapphire CMP. The mechanism of action during CMP was revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the Al(OH)₄^? ions produced by the sapphire were complexed by Gluc to form the soluble complex Al(OH)₄^?/Gluc^?. At the same time, a solid phase reaction also occurred between the M-plane sapphire, SiO₂, and water during CMP, and Al₂Si₂O₇?2H₂O was generated. After polishing with the optimized slurry, the M-plane MRR was improved to 5.358 μm/h, a 50% improvement compared with the reference slurry, and the Sq decreased from 0.345 nm to 0.172 nm. These findings provide important guidance for the development of high-performance sapphire devices.     

ZrO2纳米颗粒的添加对ZrO2/HA复合陶瓷物相和力学性能的影响

将液相掺杂CeO2和Fe2O3的钇稳定四方ZrO2纳米粉作为着色剂添加到微米ZrO2/HA体系中,1400℃烧结制备了ZrO2/HA纳米复合陶瓷.利用X射线衍射分析了复合陶瓷的物相组成;三点弯曲法、单边切口梁法及压痕法测试了陶瓷的力学性能;讨论了纳米氧化锆的添加对复合陶瓷力学性能及物相组成的影响,分析纳米氧化锆导致复合陶瓷力学性能改变的原因.根据复合陶瓷断裂前后单斜相氧化锆的含量变化,证实氧化锆纳米粉的添加不仅有利于复合陶瓷中四方相氧化锆的稳定存在,而且可以提高基体相变四方相氧化锆的含量,相变增韧作用加强.力学性能测试结果显示:体系中适量纳米氧化锆的存在可以提高材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性20%以上,密度和硬度少量增加,但由于没有新物相引入,对弹性模量未造成影响.     

化学机械抛光中Co/Ti电偶腐蚀与去除速率选择性研究

通过电化学测试研究了pH、配位剂(柠檬酸钾)和缓蚀剂[包括1,2,4-三氮唑(TAZ)和3-氨基-5-巯基-1,2,4-三氮唑(AMTA)]对Co/Ti电偶腐蚀的影响.结果表明,溶液pH升高会增大Co与Ti之间的腐蚀电位差.当pH=8时,加入0.5％(质量分数)柠檬酸钾会加剧Co和Ti之间的电偶腐蚀,而再加入缓蚀剂TA...     

锆硅包膜金红石型钛白粉工艺优化及性能

采用溶胶–凝胶法制备了锆硅包膜金红石型钛白粉。通过正交实验研究了浆液浓度、分散剂用量和Zr O2、Si O2两种包膜剂含量对锆硅包膜金红石型钛白粉的影响,得到了制备锆硅包膜金红石型钛白粉的优化工艺条件。采用Nano-ZS型粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和能谱仪、Fourier红外光谱仪等测试手段,考察锆硅包膜金红石型钛白粉的效果和包膜机理。结果表明:金红石型钛白粉表面包覆了两层均匀而致密的Zr O2膜和Si O2膜。包膜后金红石型钛白粉的失光率、吸油量和遮盖力都有所下降,白度值增加。同时,证实了这两层膜是以化学键Zr-O-Ti和Si-O-Zr的形式结合在金红石型钛白粉颗粒表面。     

光催化氧化对GaN材料腐蚀电化学及化学机械抛光的影响

考察了氮化镓(GaN)晶片在不同质量分数和pH的溴酸钾(KBrO3)溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为.结果显示,GaN在溴酸钾质量分数为1％时腐蚀电位最低.在此基础上使用光催化氧化法能够显著降低腐蚀电位,使GaN材料的腐蚀速率进一步提高.CMP实验结果显示:紫外光(UV)的加入使GaN在1％KBrO3溶液(pH=4)中的抛光速率...     

Structural characteristics and properties of silica/poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) nanocomposites prepared by mixing colloidal silica or tetraethyloxysilane (TEOS) with PHEMA

Two methods were used to prepare the silica/poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) nanocomposites: one was the direct mixing of colloidal silica with PHEMA using methanol as a co-solvent (colloidal silica/PHEMA) and the other was the adding of the inorganic precursor, tetraethyloxysilane (TEOS), to the PHEMA/methanol solution, followed by the sol-gel process with an acid-catalyst (TEOS/PHEMA). The structure of the colloidal silica/PHEMA hybrid consisted of nano-silica uniformly dispersed in the PHEMA phase with slight inter-molecular hydrogen bonding. The structure of TEOS/PHEMA hybrid was similar to a semi-interpenetrated network with PHEMA chains tethered into the nano-silica network by inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding. Consequently, the TEOS/PHEMA hybrid gels exhibited a smoother surface, higher transparency, and better thermal stability than the colloidal silica/PHEMA hybrid gels.     

焦磷酸钾和双氧水对化学机械抛光中铜/钴电偶腐蚀及去除速率的影响

通过电化学测试和化学机械抛光(CMP)试验研究了pH=10的抛光液中焦磷酸钾和双氧水的质量分数对Cu/Co电偶腐蚀的影响。结果表明,适量K₄P₂O₇和H₂O₂的存在能够有效减小Cu与Co之间的腐蚀电位差,最小可降至11 mV。采用由0.3%H₂O₂、0.1%K₄P₂O₇和2%硅溶胶组成的抛光液进行化学机械抛光时,Cu、Co的去除速率分别为312.0?/min和475.6?/min。     

Studies on surface preparation and smoothness of nanostructured Bi2Te3-based alloys by electrochemical and mechanical methods

Significant improvements in the dimensionless thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT) for nanostructured bismuth telluride, Bi₂Te₃, and its alloys have been demonstrated. In designing high-performance thermoelectric devices, variations in the thermal and electrical contact resistances due to interfacial effects between the nanostructured alloy and the metallic electrodes remain a significant issue. Smooth scratch-free surfaces should provide a baseline for contact resistance studies. In this paper, the root mean square roughness over a 10 μm² of nanostructured bismuth tellurium based alloys was reduced from 133 nm to 1.9 nm by a procedure consisting of electrolysis, mechanical polishing, and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Post-CMP cleaning was also developed to yield a wettable surface for the subsequent conformable metallization.     

Interplay of the phase and the chemical composition of the powder feedstock on the properties of porous 8YSZ thermal barrier coatings

Some chemical impurities enhance sintering kinetics of ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) which can cause their premature failure during operation in gas turbine engine by causing reduction in coating’s strain compliance as well as faster bond-coat oxidation due to increased thermal conductivity. Certain chemical impurities are also believed to suppress resistance to tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation in 8YSZ, which can also be an important factor regarding TBC’s performance. Most of the impurities and some of the monoclinic phase present in the powder feedstocks can survive into the as-sprayed coating. Therefore, there is a general trend towards OEMs requiring the lowest amounts of chemical impurities and the lowest amounts of monoclinic phase in the powder feedstocks. This paper presents a comprehensive investigation aimed at understanding the role and the relative importance of the chemical and phase purities of the powder feedstock for the properties and performance of thick 8YSZ TBCs.     

Effect of nano-silica on the chemical durability and mechanical performance of fly ash based geopolymer concrete

In this study, the effect of nano silica on the short term severe durability performance of fly ash based geopolymer concrete (GPC) specimens was investigated. Four types of GPC were produced with two types of low calcium fly ashes (FAI and FAII) with and without nano silica, and ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPC) concrete was also cast for reference. For the geopolymerization process, the alkaline activator has selected a mixture of sodium silicate solution (Na₂SiO₃) and sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) with a ratio (Na₂SiO₃/ NaOH) of 2.5. Main objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of usability or replaceability of nano silica-based low calcium fly ash based geopolymer concretes instead of OPC concrete in structural applications and make a contribution to standardization process of the fly ash based geopolymer concrete. To achieve the goals, four types of geopolymer and OPC concretes were subjected to sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) and seawater (NaCl) solutions with concentrations of 5%, 5%, and 3.5%, respectively. Visual appearances and weight changes of the concretes under chemical environments were utilized for durability aspects. Compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strength tests were also performed on specimens to evaluate the mechanical performance under chemical environments. Results indicated that FAGPC concretes showed superior performance than OPC concrete under chemical attacks due to low calcium content. Amongst the chemical environments, sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) was found to be the most dangerous environment for all concrete types. In addition, nano silica (NS) addition to FAGPC specimens improved both durability and residual mechanical strength due to the lower porosity and more dense structure. The FAIIGPC specimens including nano silica showed the superior mechanical performance under chemical environment.     

ZrO2微粒与基质金属及溶液间相互作用的研究

介绍了Ni-ZrO2复合镀工艺配方。通过镀液中ZrO2微粒的Zeta电位分析以及ZrO2微粒质量浓度对镀液pH的影响研究,探讨了微粒与镀液间的相互作用。分别通过纯镍镀层和Ni-ZrO2复合镀层的X-射线衍射实验及SEM形貌分析,研究了微粒与基质金属间的相互作用。结果表明,镀液中的pH随着ZrO2质量浓度的增加而增大;ZrO2微粒因吸附镀液中的H^＋而带正电,有益于其阴极扩散,从而增加镀层中粉体的含量;ZrO2微粒与基质金属间不是简单的机械混合,而是存在相互作用。而且,它的存在改变了基质金属镍的择优取向,也细化了金属镍的晶粒。     

气相白炭黑的比表面积与表面特性对硅橡胶补强效果的影响

探讨了气相白炭黑的比表面积和表面特性对硅橡胶力学性能的影响,同时采用扫描电镜和溶胀法分别研究了不同表面特性白炭黑补强硅橡胶的拉伸断面形貌和交联密度。结果表明：随着疏水性白炭黑比表面积的增加,硅橡胶拉伸强度和断裂伸长率增加;对比发现,疏水性白炭黑的补强效果优于亲水性白炭黑,这是由于疏水性白炭黑在橡胶基体中分散更加均匀,而且疏水性白炭黑补强硅橡胶的交联密度更大。     

Efficiency of adding very fine silica in high-silica and corundum ceramic concrete technology. Part 2

Results are provided for comparative evaluation of the properties of pressed specimens of a matrix system and ceramic concrete specimens prepared on the basis of bauxite with very fine quartz glass and quartz sand (VFQG and VFQS), and also the thermal expansion of castings based on a suspension of quartz sand, bauxite and bauxite ceramic concrete. It is established that high-silica molded and unmolded ceramic concretes prepared on a basis of bauxite VFQG (85%) and VFQS (15%) have improved physicomechanical properties. After firing at 1150 and 1420°C their open porosity is 16 – 18% and the ultimate strength in compression is 95 – 125 MPa. Their temperature for the onset of softening is above 1570°C and higher than 1650°C (for compositions containing SiC). Part 1 was published in Novye Ogneupory, No. 1 (2009). Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 34 – 40, March 2009.     

稠油污水回用锅炉化学除硅技术的研究

以稠油采出污水为主要研究对象,比较分析各种除硅方法的利弊,确定了添加镁剂的化学除硅方法。通过条件实验确定了最佳除硅配方,处理后的污水可达到热采锅炉用水标准。     

Effect of adding of SiC particulate on the microstructure and shear strength of SiC ceramic joint brazed with Si-24Ti alloy

In order to refine the grain size of TiSi₂ silicide and reduce the formation of micro-defects in the joint, and thereby increasing the joint strength of SiC ceramic brazed with Si-24Ti (wt.%), a small amount of SiC particulates were added in the brazing alloy. The microstructure and mechanical strength of SiC joints was investigated by using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectrometer, and shear strength test. The results indicated that SiC particulates enhanced the nucleation and grain refinement of the TiSi₂ and Si phase. The adding of appropriate content of SiC (<1 wt.%) could effectively refine the size of TiSi₂ phase and increase the fraction of Si-TiSi₂ eutectic zone. However, excess addition of 1.5 wt.% SiC caused the coarsening of TiSi₂ phase due to the clustering of added fine SiC particulates. With the increasing of SiC particulate content, the shear strength of the joints increased at first and then decreased. The maximum shear strength of 106.3 MPa of SiC joint was obtained for the joint brazed with 1 wt.% SiC addition, which was ~19% higher than that of the joint brazed without SiC particulates.     

Ti-B位置换改性Mg2SiO4陶瓷微结构与微波介电性能研究

Ti-B位置换改性Mg2SiO4陶瓷微结构和微波介电性能的研究中发现,在合成Mg2SiO4陶瓷过程中,Mg2SiO3总是作为第二相出现,Ti的引入能够有效地抑制Mg2SiO3的出现.但Ti不是进入Si-O四面体取代置换Si形成Mg2(Si1-xTixO4固溶体,而是Mg与反应形成Mg2TiO4、Mg2Ti2O5等第二相.Mg2(Si1-xTix)O4陶瓷随着值x增加,介电常数εr从6.8增加到8.1,Qf值也获得显著改善,但谐振频率温度系数不会因Ti引入而得到优化.在x=0.1时,Mg2(Si0.9Ti0.1)O4陶瓷获得优良的微波介电性能:εr=7.4,Qf=73 760GHz,τf=60·10-6/℃.     

精铁矿粉中微量硅的碱洗脱除工艺研究

以精选河北矿和陕西矿为原料,研究出一种通过碱液溶解脱除精铁矿粉中微量硅的新方法,具有污染小和成本低等优点。经检验其产品的化学成分为:w(FeT) >71. 2 %, w(SiO2 )<0. 01%,达到了精铁矿粉固相催化氧化法生产超高纯αFe2O3 产品工艺对原料纯度的要求,该新工艺路线具有良好的工业化推广前景。     

原位生成甲基丙烯酸锌对天然胶/气相法白炭黑纳米复合材料力学性能及加工性能的作用

研究了气相法白炭黑及甲基丙烯酸锌（ZDMA）对天然胶的力学性能、加工性能的影响.ZDMA采用原位生成的方法制备.力学性能的结果表明：ZDMA和气相法白炭黑对NR有协同补强的效应.橡胶加工性能分析（RPA）表明：ZDMA的加入,不仅能使天然胶/气相法白炭黑体系的加工性能得到很好的改善,而且能降低60 ℃时硫化胶的损耗因子.     

Vapor phase dehydrogenation of methanol to methyl formate in the catalytic membrane reactor with Cu/SiO2/ ceramic composite membrane

The Cu/SiO₂/ceramic composite membrane was prepared on the SiO₂/ceramic mesoporous membrane by an ion exchange method, and vapor phase dehydrogenation of methanol to methyl formate in the catalytic membrane reactor was investigated. It showed much better performance in the catalytic membrane reactor than that in the fixed-bed reactor under the same reaction conditions. At 240 °C, 57.3% conversion of methanol and 50.0% yield of methyl formate were achieved in the catalytic membrane reactor and only 43.1% conversion of methanol and 36.9% yield of methyl formate were achieved in the fixed-bed reactor.