基于改进小波包的风电机组齿轮箱复合故障特征提取研究

针对小波包分解振动信号时会产生频谱混叠从而导致齿轮箱复合故障特征能量谱提取困难的问题,提出基于旁路滤波改进小波包的方法对双馈风电机组齿轮箱复合故障振动信号进行研究,并以风电场的大量齿轮箱振动信号为基础,运用传统小波包及旁路滤波改进小波包分别对齿轮箱振动信号提取特征能量谱。实验结果表明：运用旁路滤波改进小波包对双馈风电机组齿轮箱复合故障振动信号进行分析,可有效避免传统小波包分析振动信号的频谱混叠现象,准确提取每种故障状态的特征能量谱。     

基于Lab VIEW的小波理论在风力机齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用

给出一种基于Lab VIEW实现信号的小波包络分析的方法。在Lab VIEW的高级信号处理工具箱中包含了小波包信号分解和重构的模块,利用这些模块快速实现了小波包分解,然后对风电机组齿轮箱采集振动数据进行包络分析,得到了直观的包络谱线,进而得到准确判断风力发电机组的实际工作状态。另外采用小波分解对齿轮箱故障振动信号进行消噪滤波,通过小波包分解系数求取频带能量,根据各个频带能量的变化提取故障特征,为实现智能诊断提供故障特征值。     

基于Zigbee无线技术和粒子滤波的风电机组无线监测系统故障定位研究

为满足风电机组处理故障数据准确性和实时性的要求。文章通过采集无线风电机组振动信号,对其进行数学建模,利用小波分析提取振动信号的随机噪声和状态信号叠加,并以此为观测方程。利用小波包分解求取降噪前和降噪后的信号,根据各个频带能量变化提取故障信号,并采用SVM方法进行故障模式识别,从而实现对风电机组的故障定位。实验验证了该算法能有效提高风电机组故障定位的精确性和可靠性。     

小波包算法在振动信号分析中的应用

针对柴油机振动信号的时频特性,阐述运用小波包算法对振动信号进行分析的方法.利用小波包良好的时频局部化特性以及避免信号频率混叠的移频处理方法,实现了对几种气阀状态振动信号时频特性的分析.结果表明,该算法在柴油机气阀故障诊断中具有可行性和有效性.     

基于小波包的EITD风力发电机组齿轮箱故障诊断

基于三次样条插值和固有时间尺度分解中的线性变换,提出了集成固有时间尺度分解(EITD)方法,将该方法与小波包变换相结合,实现了风电机组齿轮箱故障的精确诊断.首先使用三次样条插值拟合基线控制点,将振动信号分解为一系列固有旋转分量;然后选择相关系数最大的PR分量进行小波包分解,计算分解后小波包系数的能量分布,选择能量比重较大的小波包系数重构PR分量;最后计算重构PR分量的关联维数,实现振动信号的故障诊断.利用所提出的方法对风电机组齿轮箱振动信号进行了分析,结果表明:与经验模态分解(EMD)方法处理后直接计算关联维数和经小波包的EMD方法处理后计算关联维数相比,采用小波包的EITD方法处理后计算关联维数更具有区分性,可有效识别齿轮的工作状态和故障类型.     

基于小波包提取尾水管水压脉动特征的研究

采用小波包与傅立叶变换相结合的方法，对尾水管振动信号进行小波包多层分解，以提取信号的低频特征信息，然后进行精确的频谱分析取得涡带的特征频率。仿真实验表明，该方法能利用小波包时频局部聚焦分析能力，有效提取尾水管微弱低频特性信息，对尾水管振动故障提供早期预诊手段。     

基于小波分析和时序分析的柴油机气缸压力识别

运用小波分析方法分析研究了柴油机缸盖振动信号的时频特性,较为详细地讨论了柴油机缸盖系统的激励源及其振动响应。用小波包分析方法对振动信号及气缸压力信号进行了有效的信噪分离,并依此利用时间序列分析方法对缸盖振动信号和气缸压力信号分别建立时序模型,求取缸盖振动系统的传递函数,再利用Ｐｏｗｅｌ算法对传递函数的参数进行优化处理,然后利用缸盖表面的振动信号识别气缸压力。     

柴油机气缸盖振动信号特征提取方法的研究

研究了基于短时AR分析、小波多分辨率分析和小波包分析的故障特征提取和识别方法,分析了柴油机气缸盖振动信号特征提取方法。得出了两条重要结论:基于短时AR分析的柴油机气缸盖振动信号整循环特征提取方法特别适合于短序列数据的分析;利用小波多分辨率分析和小波包分析以及Kllback-Leibler信息量最小,对柴油机表面振动信号进行分解与分析,确定各故障状态的特征频带,进而可用频带的时间序列的时序模型作为特征矢量,实现对柴油机运行状态故障的诊断。     

小波包改进算法及其在柴油机振动诊断中的应用

针对柴油机缸盖表面振动信号的非平稳时变特点,提出了基于小波包分析的柴油机振动诊断方法。给出了小波包变换的一种改进算法,通过移频处理,克服了原算法中的频率混叠现象,使分解序列的排列顺序与频带的线性划分顺序一一对应。通过对完整工作循环内的缸盖信号进行小波包分解,实现了整循环诊断特征向量的快速提取。试验结果表明,该方法在柴油机振动诊断中是有效可行的,对其它复杂机械的振动诊断同样具有参考价值。     

汽轮机振动信号的最优小波包基消噪与检测

在利用小波包进行汽轮机振动信号的消噪和检测时,最优小波包基和消噪阈值的选取是必须解决的两个关键问题。通过对基于shannon熵的最优小波包基的快速搜索算法的探讨,提出了基于最优小波包基的汽轮机振动故障信号的消噪与检测方法;对于消噪阈值的选取,提出一种以小波包能量为基础,以原始信号与降噪后信号之间的均方误差(MSE)极小化为目标的基于小波包的降噪算法,并与传统的Donoho的硬阈值降噪算法作了比较。结果表明:在故障检测前先采用最优小波包基方法对故障信号进行消噪,有利于提高汽轮机振动检测的准确性。图5参9     

基于小波分析的柴油机故障信号特征的提取

本文提出了一种新的柴油机表面振动信号的故障特征的提取方法，利用柴油机表面振动信号经过小波降噪处理，有效地剔除柴油机表面振动信号的噪声干扰，提高信号的信噪比。用小波包提取降噪后振动信号的能量特征参数。以表征柴油机故障特征，建立起能量到柴油机故障的映射关系。实际研究表明这一特征提取方法是有效的。     

柴油机机体振动分析与诊断研究

柴油机运行时因激振力的作用会产生一定方向和频率的冲击振动,构件的裂纹或松动等故障会影响到其响应成分的频率能量特性.针对柴油机运行时的冲击响应振动信号,利用小波分析快速进行信噪分离,频域范围内采用功率谱分析结合小波包分解对各频段能量谱分析.根据振动信号时域峰值和时刻,频域能量的变化和分布,给出故障诊断层使用的状态特征向量...     

基于粗糙集和神经网络的柴油机故障诊断

介绍了粗糙集理论的核心内容和ROSETTA软件的特点,给出了基于粗糙集理论的柴油机缸盖振动信号的故障诊断系统。以某型号大功率柴油机为例,首先将提取的缸盖振动信号经过小波包消噪和时域、频域分析,构造出用于故障诊断的特征值,然后应用ROSETTA软件约简特征属性,最后通过神经网络进行故障模式分类。通过对比ROSETTA软件处理前后神经网络的输出结果,表明粗糙集理论能优化特征属性,有效地减少神经网络的输入节点数,提高故障分类的准确率。     

Innovative experimental study for slagging diagnosis based on vibration signal of the superheater tube panels in coal-fired boilers

Slagging on the exchanger surfaces in boiler in power plants is still a serious issue that reduces thermodynamic efficiency and threatens the operation of the generation unit. In this paper, an innovative slagging diagnosis method based on the analysis of vibration signal of the exchanger tube panels is proposed to monitor the slagging condition. We build a scaled-down tube panel according to the actual structure of the superheater panel in laboratory to study the relationship between vibration signal and varied slagging conditions and air speed. Root Mean Square (RMS) in time domain and wavelet packet decomposition in frequency domain are employed to extract the features from vibration signals and predict the slagging condition without shut-down in the future. It is found that RMS value of the tube panel signals decreases with the increase of slagging weight, especially at a low air speed. Relative signal energy in a certain frequency band will experience significant change after tube panel slagged. In order to verify the experimental result on the feature changes of the tube panel vibration signals with varied slagging conditions, we successfully demonstrate our laboratory result via analysis of vibration signals of a superheater tube panel in Banshan Power Generation (Hangzhou). It indicates that the vibration signals of tube segment between the header and furnace wall of the superheater panel can be collected and used for slagging diagnosis in a running pulverized coal boiler. Our study is promising for prediction of slagging and furtherly reduce the risk induced by slagging of exchanger panel in the boiler.     

Feature extraction method of wind turbine based on adaptive Morlet wavelet and SVD

Analyzing the vibration signals of wind turbine usually requires feature extraction. However, in many cases, to extract feature components becomes challenging and the applicability of information drops down due to the large amount of noise. In this paper, a new denoising method based on adaptive Morlet wavelet and singular value decomposition (SVD) is applied to feature extraction for wind turbine vibration signals. Modified Shannon wavelet entropy is utilized to optimize central frequency and bandwidth parameter of the Morlet wavelet so as to achieve optimal match with the impulsive components. The time-frequency resolution can be adapted to different signals of interest. Then, an improved matrix construction method is used to construct matrix of the wavelet coefficient, and the scale periodical exponential (SPE) spectrum is obtained by SVD for selecting the appropriate transform scale. Experimental analysis and application into signal denoising indicate that the proposed method has better denoising performance than other wavelet transforms. The results of the experimental analysis in rolling bearing and the application in planetary gearbox show that the proposed method is an effective approach to detecting the impulsive feature components hidden in vibration signals and performs well for wind turbine fault diagnosis.     

A new noise-controlled second-order enhanced stochastic resonance method with its application in wind turbine drivetrain fault diagnosis

Condition monitoring of a wind turbine is important to extend the wind turbine system's reliability and useful life. However, in many cases, to extract feature components becomes challenging and the applicability of information drops down due to the large amount of noise. Stochastic resonance (SR), used as a method of utilising noise to amplify weak signals in nonlinear systems, can detect weak signals overwhelmed in the noise. Therefore, a new noise-controlled second-order enhanced SR method based on the Morlet wavelet transform is proposed to extract fault feature for wind turbine vibration signals in the present study. The second-order SR method can obtain better denoising effect and higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of resonance output by means of twice integral transform compared with the traditional SR method. Morlet wavelet transform can obtain finer frequency partitions and overcome the frequency aliasing compared with the classical wavelet transform. Therefore, through Morlet wavelet transform, the noise intensity of different scales can be adjusted to realize the resonance detection of weak periodic signal whatever it is a low-frequency signal or high-frequency signal. Thus the method is well-suited for enhancement of weak fault identification, whose effectiveness has been verified by the practical vibration signals carrying fault information. Finally, the proposed method has been applied to extract feature of the looseness fault of shaft coupling of wind turbine successfully.     

基于LabVIEW的风力机振动数据采集和信号分析

利用NI公司的硬件设备和LabVIEW虚拟仪器开发平台构建风力发电机组振动数据采集与信号分析系统。该系统具有以下显著特点:①小波降噪功能模块是利用LabVIEW高级小波分析工具包编程,能更好地还原真实信号;②倒频谱分析功能模块谱线定位准确、幅值突出,能较好地识别频域调制信号的边频成分;③小波包络功能模块通过小波变换得到原始振动信号在不同频率段内的振动特性,并用小波变换来代替带通滤波器的设计,与倒频谱分析的结果对比,可体现小波包络解调的优越性。     

小波神经理论在风力机齿轮箱故障诊断系统中的应用

风力机齿轮箱振动信号是一种时频特性复杂的非平稳信号,常规的时域和频域分析方法难以有效的分析齿轮箱故障及提取故障特征。提出一种基于小波分析和神经网络的风力机齿轮箱故障诊断方法,该方法采用小波时频分析技术对风力发电机故障振动信号进行消噪滤波,通过小波包分解系数求取频带能量,根据各个频带能量的变化提取故障特征,为实现智能诊断提供故障特征值。应用BP神经网络进行故障识别,并采用LabVIEW和matlab软件予以实现。结果表明,该方法能有效提高风力发电机组齿轮箱故障诊断的准确性。