Interhelical contacts are required for the helix bundle fold of apolipophorin III and its ability to interact with lipoproteins

Skin cancer is the most common human malignancy and is strongly associated with exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Several mechanisms including an increase in immediate early gene activation have been postulated to be involved in UVR-mediated carcinogenesis. We show that in a dose-dependent manner, UVR induces the expression of messenger RNA of a novel immediate early response gene, IEX-1, in human keratinocytes. Human keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts transfected with an expression plasmid for IEX-1 grow at a faster rate than keratinocytes transfected with a similar plasmid that does not contain the IEX-1 sequence. IEX-1 protein is localized predominantly in the nucleus of keratinocytes by fluorescent antibody methods and by examination of the location of a green fluorescence IEX-1 fusion protein. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), a major mitogen of keratinocytes, and a tumor-promoting phorbol ester increase IEX-1 mRNA expression. IEX-1 may play a role in keratinocyte proliferation especially following UVR.     

Residue-residue mean-force potentials for protein structure recognition

We present two new sets of energy functions for protein structure recognition, given the primary sequence of amino acids along the polypeptide chain. The first set of potentials is based on the positions of alpha- and the second on positions of beta- and alpha-carbon atoms of amino acid residues. The potentials are derived using a theory of Boltzmann-like statistics of protein structure. The energy terms incorporate both long-range interactions between residues remote along a chain and short-range interactions between near neighbors. Distance dependence is approximated by a piecewise constant function defined on intervals of equal size. The size of the interval is optimized to preserve as much detail as possible without introducing excessive error due to limited statistics. A database of 214 non-homologous proteins was used both for the derivation of the potentials, and for the 'threading' test originally suggested by Hendlich et al. (1990) J. Mol. Biol., 216, 167-180. Special care is taken to avoid systematic error in this test. For threading, we used 100 non-homologous protein chains of 60-205 residues. The energy of each of the native structures was compared with the energy of 43,000 to 19,000 alternative structures generated by threading. Of these 100 native structures, 92 have the lowest energy with alpha-carbon-based potentials and, even more, 98 of these 100 structures, have the lowest energy with the beta- and alpha-carbon based potentials.     

基于MF-DFA的语音情感识别

针对语音情感线性参数在刻画不同情感类型特征上的不足,将多重分形理论引人语音情感识别中．通过分析不同语音情感状态下的多重分形特征,提取多重分形谱参数和广义hurst指数作为新的语音情感特征参数,并结合传统语音声学特征,采用支持向量机SVM对其进行语音情感识别．试验结果表明,该方法可使系统的准确率和稳定性得到有效提高．非线性参数的引人为语音情感识别提供了一个新的思路．     

基于Gabor特征和EHMM的人脸识别方法

针对传统人脸识别方法在受到表情、姿态和光照等影响时存在鲁棒性差的问题,提出了一种改进的人脸识别方法.在特征提取上,该方法首先提取人脸的Gabor特征,接着利用DCT(discrete cosinetransform)压缩使得相似特征得到聚合,最后利用PCA(principal component analysis)分别筛选出最能够代表人脸各个区域的DCT系数.在识别方法上,该方法采用了嵌入式隐马尔科夫模型(embedded hidden markov model,EHMM),并基于人脸的认知结构信息对嵌入式隐马尔可夫人脸结构模型进行了改进.对比实验结果表明,该方法识别率高,复杂度低,并具有较好的鲁棒性,易于在工程上应用.     

基于特征融合的三维人脸识别

针对单一的人脸特征在识别中的局限性,将基于深度图像的全局特征和基于测地线的局部特征进行融合,以提高识别率.将三维人脸点云转换为深度图像后进行预处理,然后使用主成分分析法(PCA)找到一个低维的特征脸空间,依照最近邻法则将其与库集样本进行匹配,所得结果即为全局特征;将测试样本与模板人脸进行匹配,得到35个特征点,这些特征点间的测地线距离所组成的矩阵即为局部特征.使用加权求和法对这2种特征进行融合,并根据最近邻匹配法则,在FRGC人脸数据库上进行测试.实验结果表明,该方法可以很好地结合全局特征和局部特征的互补信息,识别效果优于各单一特征的分类性能,并且具有较好的表情鲁棒性.     

基于未确知测度的视频情感内容识别

为有效识别视频情感的内容,基于未确知数学理论,建立了视频低层特征和高层认知情感之间的联系,提出了一种基于未确知测度的新算法.首先,选取能反映情感变化的场景亮度、镜头切变率和色调效能作为视频情感低层特征,介绍了每种情感特征的数据提取方法,并由此构建了视频情感特征向量.其次,构造了视频场景的未确知对象空间和指标空间,并给出了量化用的场景亮度、镜头切变率和色调效能未确知测度函数,建立了未确知测度矩阵.最后,采用信息熵确定3个情感特征的权值,用置信度识别准则对视频场景的情感类型进行判定.实验结果验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

Structure of the foot-and-mouth disease virus leader protease: a papain-like fold adapted for self-processing and eIF4G recognition

The leader protease of foot-and-mouth disease virus, as well as cleaving itself from the nascent viral polyprotein, disables host cell protein synthesis by specific proteolysis of a cellular protein: the eukaryotic initiation factor 4G (eIF4G). The crystal structure of the leader protease presented here comprises a globular catalytic domain reminiscent of that of cysteine proteases of the papain superfamily, and a flexible C-terminal extension found intruding into the substrate-binding site of an adjacent molecule. Nevertheless, the relative disposition of this extension and the globular domain to each other supports intramolecular self-processing. The different sequences of the two substrates cleaved during viral replication, the viral polyprotein (at LysLeuLys/GlyAlaGly) and eIF4G (at AsnLeuGly/ArgThrThr), appear to be recognized by distinct features in a narrow, negatively charged groove traversing the active centre. The structure illustrates how the prototype papain fold has been adapted to the requirements of an RNA virus. Thus, the protein scaffold has been reduced to a minimum core domain, with the active site being modified to increase specificity. Furthermore, surface features have been developed which enable C-terminal self-processing from the viral polyprotein.     

Handwritten billet number recognition algorithm based on edge extraction

Character recognition has always been a hot topic in the field of computer vision.However,it is often difficult to obtain high-precision results in the actual scene owing to factors such as lighting conditions and imaging angle.Aiming at the problem of handwritten billet identification in the steel industry,this paper proposes the use of the canny edge extraction method to enhance the contour characteristics of characters.This technique is combined with the object detection network to achieve the automatic identification of blank square numbers and solve the problem of automatic tracking of billet logistics in the production process.The proposed algorithm is applied to the site with more than 2019 images containing characters in the test set.Results show that the proposed algorithm has good practical application potential.     

基于统计特征的人脸识别研究

奇异值特征向量是用于图像识别的有效代数特征,但直接用奇异值特征向量做匹配进行人脸识别,识别率极低.通过对人脸图像奇异值向量和其对应的左右正交特征矩阵分析,发现图像的奇异值向量与图像的灰度范围具有相关性,即最大奇异值反映了图像灰度范围的位置,其他奇异值反映了灰度范围的宽度,而且与图像奇异值向量对应的左右正交特征矩阵能够表现图像轮廓的结构信息.基此,提出基于奇异值分解(singular value distribution, SVD)的基空间人脸识别算法,并通过ORL和ORL-IC数据库进行仿真,实验结果分析证明了图像的左右正交特征矩阵能够表现图像轮廓的结构信息.     

Three-dimensional object recognition based on the combination of views

Visual object recognition is complicated by the fact that the same 3D object can give rise to a large variety of projected images that depend on the viewing conditions, such as viewing direction, distance, and illumination. This paper describes a computational approach that uses combinations of a small number of object views to deal with the effects of viewing direction. The first part of the paper is an overview of the approach based on previous work. It is then shown that, in agreement with psychophysical evidence, the view-combination approach can use views of different class members rather than multiple views of a single object, to obtain class-based generalization. A number of extensions to the basic scheme are considered, including the use of non-linear combinations, using 3D versus 2D information, and the role of coarse classification on the way to precise identification. Finally, psychophysical and biological aspects of the view-combination approach are discussed. Compared with approaches that treat object recognition as a symbolic high-level activity, in the view-combination approach the emphasis is on processes that are simpler and pictorial in nature.     

Photoactive yellow protein: a structural prototype for the three-dimensional fold of the PAS domain superfamily

PAS domains are found in diverse proteins throughout all three kingdoms of life, where they apparently function in sensing and signal transduction. Although a wealth of useful sequence and functional information has become recently available, these data have not been integrated into a three-dimensional (3D) framework. The very early evolutionary development and diverse functions of PAS domains have made sequence analysis and modeling of this protein superfamily challenging. Limited sequence similarities between the approximately 50-residue PAS repeats and one region of the bacterial blue-light photosensor photoactive yellow protein (PYP), for which ground-state and light-activated crystallographic structures have been determined to high resolution, originally were identified in sequence searches using consensus sequence probes from PAS-containing proteins. Here, we found that by changing a few residues particular to PYP function, the modified PYP sequence probe also could select PAS protein sequences. By mapping a typical approximately 150-residue PAS domain sequence onto the entire crystallographic structure of PYP, we show that the PAS sequence similarities and differences are consistent with a shared 3D fold (the PAS/PYP module) with obvious potential for a ligand-binding cavity. Thus, PYP appears to prototypically exhibit all the major structural and functional features characteristic of the PAS domain superfamily: the shared PAS/PYP modular domain fold of approximately 125-150 residues, a sensor function often linked to ligand or cofactor (chromophore) binding, and signal transduction capability governed by heterodimeric assembly (to the downstream partner of PYP). This 3D PAS/PYP module provides a structural model to guide experimental testing of hypotheses regarding ligand-binding, dimerization, and signal transduction.     

A neural network based artificial vision system for licence plate recognition

This paper presents a neural network based artificial vision system able to analyze the image of a car given by a camera, locate the registration plate and recognize the registration number of the car. The paper describes in detail various practical problems encountered in implementing this particular application and the solutions used to solve them. The main features of the system presented are: controlled stability-plasticity behavior, controlled reliability threshold, both off-line and on-line learning, self assessment of the output reliability and high reliability based on high level multiple feedback. The system has been designed using a modular approach. Sub-modules can be upgraded and/or substituted independently, thus making the system potentially suitable in a large variety of vision applications. The OCR engine was designed as an interchangeable plug-in module. This allows the user to choose an OCR engine which is suited to the particular application and to upgrade it easily in the future. At present, there are several versions of this OCR engine. One of them is based on a fully connected feedforward artificial neural network with sigmoidal activation functions. This network can be trained with various training algorithms such as error backpropagation. An alternative OCR engine is based on the constraint based decomposition (CBD) training architecture. The system has showed the following performances (on average) on real-world data: successful plate location and segmentation about 99%, successful character recognition about 98% and successful recognition of complete registration plates about 80%.     

基于CNN电流数据形态识别的电动机故障诊断研究

为实现层冷辊电动机由预防性批量更换向预测性定点维修转变的目标,提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)电流数据形态识别的故障智能诊断方法.该方法首先对电流采集数据进行特征提取,并建立分类故障的各关键特征形态图形集;采用卷积神经网络识别故障下各特征的异常形态,建立以误报率和漏报率为目标的优化模型,通过以异常形态为基因片段的遗传算法寻优不同故障类型的各特征形态组合,建立分类故障形态组合模式库.现场数据验证结果表明所提方法能够满足现场漏报率和误报率要求.     

基于改进的微粒群算法的板形模式识别方法

针对在实际生产中板形信号识别精度不高的问题,通过对板形信号和板形识别数学模型的分析,采用基于混沌序列的微粒群寻优算法对板形信号进行识别。以勒让德正交多项式作为板形缺陷的基模式,将板形信号模式识别过程转化为函数的优化问题,有效地提高了算法的寻优效果,改进了板形信号模式识别的速度和精度。     

Note on Bem and Funder's scheme for scoring Q sorts.

A correlational procedure reported by D. J. Bem and D. L. Funder (see record 1979-28632-001) for using situational information when predicting behavior from personality Q sorts is shown to be essentially equivalent to standard questionnaire methodology. (5 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)