基于块联模型的动态非线性校正方法比较

针对以块联模型表示,且静态特性位于第一象限的饱和型非线性传感器,进行基于块联模型的动态非线性校正方法研究.块联模型包括Hammerstein和Wiener模型,虽然它们都是由静态非线性校正环节和动态线性补偿环节组成,但是由于位置不同,即对传感器输出信号进行处理的顺序不同,校正效果也就有所不同.根据传感器不同的阻尼比,分别研究Hammerstein和Wiener模型的动态非线性校正方法的实现,并比较它们的校正效果.结果表明,传感器模型或阻尼比不同时,动态非线性校正方法的选择也应有所不同.研究成果为以后设计同类型传感器的动态非线性校正系统提供了先验知识.     

一种动态非线性模型传感器的辨识和补偿方法

针对利用Wiener模型表达的具有动态非线性的传感器进行系统辨识和性能补偿。将系统分解为动态非线性环节和静态线性环节,利用函数链人工神经网络和遗传算法分别进行系统辨识,通过静态非线性补偿将系统简化为线性系统,再进行动态性能补偿。利用LabVIEW设计虚拟仪器,经过仿真表明该方法是有效的。     

基于Wiener模型的传感器动态非线性辨识研究

针对实际测量中传感器存在较大非线性的缺点,提出利用改进型Wiener模型描述传感器动态非线性模型;将Wiener模型的动态线性环节和静态非线性环节分别利用Laguerre函数和最小二乘支持向量机进行辨识,最终实现传感器模型的建立;通过仿真实验验证比较不同方法的辨识误差与速度,最终结果表明该方法在非线性动态传感器模型辨识方面具有明显的速度和精度优势。     

利用SVR的非线性动态系统Wiener模型补偿

提出一种新的利用支持向量回归机(SVR)的非线性动态系统维纳(Wiener)模型补偿方法.首先,将非线性动态系统用Wiener模型描述成线性动态子环节和非线性静态增益;再设计结构上与之对应的Wiener补偿器,并进一步将其变换为可用SVR辨识的线性中间模型;最后,通过关系矩阵将中间模型的估计值转换为Wiener补偿器的实际参数.用实际压力响应系统的动态标定实验数据进行测试,结果表明,与最小二乘方法比较,所提方法建立的Wiener补偿器具有更强的抗干扰能力.因此,该研究为非线性动态系统补偿又提供了一种可选方法.     

基于CMAC的非线性逆滤波改善传感器的动态特性

在测量系统中许多传感器存在着严重的非线性静态特性和响应滞后的动态特性,当被测量对象的变化率高于传感器的响应速度时,测量结果与真值之间存在较大的误差.为了补偿这个测量误差,采用了一个由无限响应的IIR滤波器和静态非线性环节构成的非线性滤波器去改善传感器的特性.IIR滤波器的系数通过实验数据得到,非线性静态环节采用单输入单输出小脑神经网络(SISO CMAC)实现.SISO CMAC具有学习简单、收敛速度快、函数逼近精度高等特点.最后,通过对热敏电阻动态测量误差的补偿,验证了该方法的有效性.     

非线性动态系统的Wiener神经网络辨识法

提出了一种新的Wiener神经网络结构并将其应用于非线性动态系统辨识问题.首先,用Wiener模型对非线性动态系统进行描述,将其分解成线性动态子环节串接非线性静态增益的形式.其次,设计一种新型的神经网络结构,使网络权值对应于相应的Wiener模型参数;并推导了基于反向传播的网络权值调整方法.最后,通过网络迭代训练,可同时得到线性动态子环节和非线性静态增益的模型参数.通过一个Wiener模型的数值仿真来验证方法的有效性,仿真结果表明所提辨识方法切实可行.     

传感器动态非线性补偿方法及DSP实现

利用Hammerstein模型描述传感器的动态非线性。动态非线性环节表示为静态非线性子环节和动态线性子环节的串联,相应的动态非线性补偿分为两个阶段：动态线性补偿和静态非线性校正。通过仿真和对腕力传感器响应的补偿验证了两阶段补偿方法的可行性。研制了基于DSP的动态非线性实时补偿系统,通过实验验证了动态非线性补偿方法的有效性。     

基于Hammerstein-Wiener逆模型补偿的预测控制非线性变换策略

针对一类Hammerstein-Wiener模型描述的非线性控制系统,提出一种基于逆模型补偿的预测控制策略.在控制优化计算中,利用Wiener非线性环节的逆模型分别对系统输出设定值和采样值进行变换;控制实施过程中,将控制器输出操作量经过Hammerstein静态非线性环节模型逆变换后施加到实际被控对象上,通过两次逆变换,使得标称模型下控制器输出与闭环系统中线性环节的输入相一致.通过非线性变换补偿将非线性过程的控制转化为线性系统控制,避免了对非线性模型进行优化计算量大及预测不准确的问题.最后通过仿真验证了所提方案的可行性及有效性.     

基于递归神经网络的热电偶测温滞后的动态补偿

提出了一种基于递归神经网络的热电偶测温滞后的动态补偿方法,利用神经网络良好的非线性映射能力,建立传感器的动态逆模型,实现对传感器的动态补偿。实验结果表明:检测信号经过动态补偿后,能够克服传感器的测量滞后,达到稳态的时间从补偿前的26 s缩短到大约5 s,传感器的动态性能得到较大的提高。     

基于递归神经网络的加速度传感器动态特性补偿

提出了一种基于递归神经网络的加速度传感器动态性能补偿方法,利用神经网络良好的非线性映射能力,建立传感器的动态逆模型,用实际工作参数训练神经网络,实现对加速度传感器动态特性的补偿。实验结果表明:经过动态补偿后,加速度传感器的系统工作频带得以拓宽,检测信号达到稳态的时间从补偿前的7m s缩短到大约1m s,传感器的动态性能得到明显的改善。     

Identification of wiener model with discontinuous nonlinearities using differential evolution

This paper deals with the identification of Wiener models with discontinuous nonlinearities. The identification of the Wiener model is formulated as an optimization problem. Differential evolution algorithm, a powerful and robust evolutionary algorithm, is used to search the optimal parameter of the Wiener model such that the error between the output of true model and that of the identified model is minimized. The proposed method can identify the parameters of linear dynamic subsystems and static nonlinear function of the Wiener model simultaneously, and overcome the difficulty of unavailability of the intermediated signal. Two application examples verify that the proposed method can accurately estimate the parameters of the Wiener model even in a low SNR environment.     

基于W iener 模型的混沌系统辨识研究

提出一种基于Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ模型辨识混沌系统的新方法。该方法利用三层前馈神经网络来辨识Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ模型中的静态非线性环节和学习混沌系统的内在规律性。同时给出了辨识混沌系统的结构和网络权值调整的学习算法。对Ｈｅｎｏｎ系统的仿真结果表明,该方法是有效的。     

Identification of IIR Wiener systems with spline nonlinearities that have variable knots

An algorithm is developed for the identification of Wiener systems, linear dynamic elements followed by static nonlinearities. In this case, the linear element is modeled using a recursive digital filter, while the static nonlinearity is represented by a spline of arbitrary but fixed degree. The primary contribution in this note is the use of variable knot splines, which allow for the use of splines with relatively few knot points, in the context of Wiener system identification. The model output is shown to be nonlinear in the filter parameters and in the knot points, but linear in the remaining spline parameters. Thus, a separable least squares algorithm is used to estimate the model parameters. Monte-Carlo simulations are used to compare the performance of the algorithm identifying models with linear and cubic spline nonlinearities, with a similar technique using polynomial nonlinearities.     

基于逆模型的温度传感器动态补偿方法

在瞬态测量中,温度传感器的测量滞后会影响到测量系统的精度。提出了一种通过建立温度传感器的动态逆模型来扩宽其工作频带,以此来减小因温度传感器测量滞后所形成的动态测量误差的补偿方法。用该方法设计的动态补偿器具有不依赖温度传感器动态模型的特点,可根据温度传感器和参考模型对输入激励响应的实测数据,通过微粒群(PSO)算法的优化学习得到补偿器的参数。检测信号经补偿计算后输出,能够克服传感器的测量滞后。实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

一种基于Wiener模型的非线性预测控制算法

针对一类Wiener模型描述的非线性系统,提出了一种改进的非线性预测控制算法.该算法利用Laguerre函数描述Wiener模型动态线性部分的控制信号，将预测控制中在预测时域内优化求解未来控制输入序列转化为优化求解一组无记忆的Laguerre系数,以减少优化所需的计算量.利用静态模糊模型来逼近Wiener模型的非线性部分,将非线性预测控制优化问题转化为线性预测控制优化问题,克服了求控制输入时解非线性方程的困难,进而推导出了预测控制输入的解析式.CSTR过程的仿真结果表明了本文算法的有效性和可行性.     

执行机构带宽对动态逆方法的影响及解决方案

本文从理论上分析了执行机构带宽对动态逆闭环控制系统动态特性影响, 发现较低的执行机构带宽会在伪线性系统中引入一个非线性干扰项, 为此提出了两种方法来消除这个非线性干扰项, 一个是采用参考模型的思想设计补偿器提高执行机构子系统的等效带宽, 另一个思路则是直接在非线性反馈项中引入补偿直接对消非线性干扰项. 仿真结果表明, 两类方法都能较好地消除非线性干扰项, 直接补偿方法能精确消除干扰项, 但需要准确动力学模型, 提高等效带宽的方法虽然是近似的, 但能方便地引入自适应算法, 可以抑制执行机构模型参数不确定的影响.     

Adaptive discrete-time sliding-mode control of nonlinear systems described by Wiener models

In this paper, we propose an adaptive control scheme that can be applied to nonlinear systems with unknown parameters. The considered class of nonlinear systems is described by the block-oriented models, specifically, the Wiener models. These models consist of dynamic linear blocks in series with static nonlinear blocks. The proposed adaptive control method is based on the inverse of the nonlinear function block and on the discrete-time sliding-mode controller. The parameters adaptation are performed using a new recursive parametric estimation algorithm. This algorithm is developed using the adjustable model method and the least squares technique. A recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm is used to estimate the inverse nonlinear function. A time-varying gain is proposed, in the discrete-time sliding mode controller, to reduce the chattering problem. The stability of the closed-loop nonlinear system, with the proposed adaptive control scheme, has been proved. An application to a pH neutralisation process has been carried out and the simulation results clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control scheme.     

System identification of Wiener systems with B-spline functions using De Boor recursion

In this article a simple and effective algorithm is introduced for the system identification of the Wiener system using observational input/output data. The nonlinear static function in the Wiener system is modelled using a B-spline neural network. The Gauss–Newton algorithm is combined with De Boor algorithm (both curve and the first order derivatives) for the parameter estimation of the Wiener model, together with the use of a parameter initialisation scheme. Numerical examples are utilised to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.     

Identification of time-varying pH processes using sinusoidal signals

This paper presents an approach to the identification of time-varying, nonlinear pH processes based on the Wiener model structure. The algorithm produces an on-line estimate of the titration curve, where the shape of this static nonlinearity changes as a result of changes in the weak-species concentration and/or composition of the process feed stream. The identification method is based on the recursive least-squares algorithm, a frequency sampling filter model of the linear dynamics and a polynomial representation of the inverse static nonlinearity. A sinusoidal signal for the control reagent flow rate is used to generate the input-output data along with a method for automatically adjusting the input mean level to ensure that the titration curve is identified in the pH operating region of interest. Experimental results obtained from a pH process are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach. An application of these results to a pH control problem is outlined.