复杂产品的层次语义模型研究

针对复杂产品的设计建模提出了一个层次语义模型。在现有三维CAD系统的基础上，从用户需求、产品设计、零件建模、部件装配各个阶段入手，将其中蕴含的行业知识加以分类、提取、抽象，形成设计语义、建模语义和装配语义，使虚拟样机在建立过程中能够利用并且包含更多的行业知识。对该语义模型的三个层次进行了详细讨论，并结合曲柄压力机的产品实例给出了具体实现。     

A feature-based approach towards an integrated product model in intelligent design

Conceptual design is an early stage in the product design process, which has an essential effect on the product innovation. Existing approaches for product knowledge engineering for conceptual design always focus on knowledge modelling and organization, etc. However, the traditional approach is lack of better comprehending representation and reuse of design knowledge in conceptual design. This paper is devoted to presenting a systematic effective integrated modelling approach of principle solutions in conceptual design to make the knowledge of functional design be transferred efficiently to the subsequent principle conceptual design and structure conceptual design process, and even detail design. With the introduction of the physical quantity model, feature-based representation model of function, effect, physical quantity, working principle and structure concept are put forward step by step, and then an integrated principle solution model is presented based on the generalized assembly model. The knowledge organization method of principle solutions based on physical quantities is also proposed. Conceptual design process based on integrated modelling and knowledge organization of principle solutions is presented, which discloses that physical quantity model is a bridge across functional design, principle conceptual design and structure conceptual design. The conceptual design of new devices for decreasing resistance of petroleum equipment offshore platform is given as an example, which demonstrates that the methodology is obviously helpful to increase opportunities for product innovation in conceptual design.     

基于语义关联与驱动的产品概念装配模型研究

面向概念设计的装配模型表示是机械产品装配建模技术研究的一个重要问题,现有的基于几何约束关系的CAD系统不能很好地解决这一问题。基于装配语义“三位一体”性给出了面向概念设计的产品装配模型表示方法,提出采用装配语义关联图表达零件之间的装配语义关系,通过装配语义关联图建立起支持概念装配模型的多层次语义关联和基于语义的装配驱动,从而实现机械产品从概念设计出发的自顶向下和从详细设计出发的自底向上的双向设计。     

Development of Expert System for Concurrent Product Design and Planning for Assembly

This paper addresses the development of an expert system for concurrent product design and assembly planning (CDAPFAES) including conceptual design, detailed design, assemblability analysis and design for assembly, assembly system design, assembly process planning and stimulation, and technical–economics justification. This approach is implemented through an agent-based framework with concurrent integration of multiple cooperative knowledge sources and software. This intelligent system can offer systematic assistance for assembly design and planning in the early stage of product development and facilitate, as far as possible, the use of flexible assembly equipment, including robots. Finally, this new design methodology is illustrated with a successful implementation of a switch product design.     

面向产品概念设计的知识网络模型

产品的概念设计对其最终设计结果具有重要的影响。提出了支持产品概念设计的知识网络模型,通过该模型将显性知识进行组织,以支持产品需求转换为产品功能,进而转换为产品结构的概念设计过程,并根据模型对产品参数间的隐性联系进行挖掘,使其转换为显性知识以支持重用。通过对某工业汽轮机转子通流部分设计过程的知识网络应用过程给出实例论证。     

Research on collaborative conceptual design based on distributed knowledge resource

Conceptual design is an early stage of the whole product development process, which involves the generation of solutions to satisfy the design requirements. It is a crucial issue on how to find proper principle solutions from enormous, isomeric, and even distributed knowledge resources repositories and then ally with these correlative distributed knowledge resources providers to collaborative conceptual design. Design is a task-solving process using corresponding resource, so it does not always have an agency in product design. This paper proposes a model of collaborative conceptual design based on distributed knowledge resources, which is centered on design tasks and based on dynamic knowledge alliance without agency. After a model of knowledge resource unit and a model of Web services based on knowledge resource are proposed, a virtual quantitative and qualitative knowledge resource representation based on knowledge grid is then put forward. The mixed knowledge resource repository is also proposed to support collaborative conceptual design. The strategies of knowledge register, publish, storage, reorganization, orientation, and problem solving based on mixed knowledge resource repository are then discussed in detail. The data exchange mode of principle solutions is then described. The selection strategy of dynamic knowledge alliance members is established. The framework of distributed knowledge resource is also put forward to support collaborative conceptual design. The process of collaborative conceptual design based on distributed knowledge resource is then proposed. The conceptual design of new devices for decreasing resistance of amphibious vehicles is given as an example, which demonstrates that the methodology is obviously helpful to produce valuable principle solutions with distributed knowledge for product innovation.     

计算机辅助模具概念设计系统的研究

概念设计是设计中最重要的阶段之一,由于概念设计在思维空间上表现得较为广泛和分散,需要有相应的理论、方法和工具作为设计支持,但传统的CAD系统不能对概念设计阶段进行有效地支持。本文以冲压模具结构设计为研究对象,将逻辑构件的形式化表示方法应用在模具概念设计中,具体探讨了模具构件及模具逻辑将配模型的表示方法,建立了计算机辅助模具概念设计支持环境,为模具概念设计提供了有效的支持工具。     

Novel Cylinder Movement Modeling Method Based on Aerodynamics

The cylinder movement is affected by multiple factors and it is difficult to establish the accurate movement model of the cylinder. In order to improve the reliability of the production line design and to speed up the production line debugging, a novel cylinder movement modeling method based on aerodynamics is proposed. The kinetic theory, thermodynamic theory and kinematics knowledge are applied and integrated various factors which affect the movement characteristics of the cylinder are considered. According to the proposed mathematical model of cylinder movement, thecombined simulation software of cylinder movement based on Visual Studio and Visual Component (3D Create) is developed to calculate thevelocity, acceleration and movement time of the cylinders during the running of the assembly line. Comparison results of cylinder’s movement time under different intake air and displacement show that the mathematical model of cylinder movement based on aerodynamic is more accurate and the degree of fittingis 0.9846, which proves the effectiveness of the combined simulation software of cylinder movement. By the cylinder movement modeling method based on aerodynamic, accurate value of takt and the debug parameters can be calculated as a reference for the designers and debuggers of the cylinder-driven assembly lines.     

基于Witness的齿轮生产装配线的仿真设计与改善

为研究齿轮的生产装配工艺及其过程,利用源于离散事件来进行动态仿真的Witness软件,建立基于齿轮装配过程的仿真模型.通过对整个装配过程中各元素的改善设计及仿真数据的分析,优化生产装配过程,对比得到更加适合企业生产装配的齿轮生产装配线.     

Balancing–sequencing procedure for a mixed model assembly system in case of finite buffer capacity

In the last decades, the necessity to make production more versatile and flexible has forced assembly line production systems to change from fixed assembly lines to mixed model assembly lines, where the output products are variations of the same base product and only differ in specific customizable attributes. Such assembly lines allow reduced setup time, since products can be jointly manufactured in intermixed sequences (Boysen, Flieder, Scholl. Jena Research Papers in Business and Economics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, 1;1–11, 2007a; Boysen, Flieder, Scholl. Jena Research Papers in Business and Economics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, 2;1–33, 2007b). Unfortunately, the installation of customization options typically leads to variations in process times, and when the cycle is exceeded within a certain station, an overload is created, forcing other stations to wait and idle. Normally, process time variation in an un-paced line are absorbed by buffers, but in some industrial application the buffer dimensions are critical not only for the reduction of work in progress but also in reducing other constrains (space, technology, model dimensions, etc.). The problem of balancing mixed model assembly lines (MALBP), in the long term, and that of sequencing mixed model assembly lines (MMS), in the short term (Merengo, Nava, Pozetti. Int J Prod Res 37:2835–2860, 1999), are the two major problems to solve. The object of this paper is to illustrate an innovative balancing–sequencing step-by-step procedure that aims to optimize the assembly line performance and at the same time contain the buffer dimensions in function of different market demand and production mix. The model is validated using a simulation software and an industrial application is presented.     

计算机辅助创新技术驱动的产品概念设计与详细设计集成研究

针对计算机辅助创新(Computer-aided innovation,CAI)技术提出的创新概念方案不能顺利地输出给CAD系统的问题,从分析具备产品的功能信息及结构信息的CAD装配结构模型入手,通过建立产品装配结构的信息模型图,分析并确定装配模型存在的问题和冲突,然后应用计算机辅助创新(CAI)技术驱动的知识工程(Knowledge based engineering,KBE)及语义处理技术集成的创新技术进行解决,进而驱动产品结构设计,创新性地解决装配结构中存在的问题,形成从构思创新方案产生-形成知识-驱动结构设计的有机创新过程,初步实现了概念设计与详细设计的集成。进而建立了计算机辅助创新(CAI)技术驱动的产品概念设计和详细设计的集成过程模型,通过无磨损蝶阀产品的创新案例验证了该模型的可行性。     

基于NPort串口服务器的座椅滑道装配线监控系统

为了解决座椅滑道装配线中各个独立工位的运行状态监控问题,采用了NPort串口服务器的形式进行各控制器的联网,介绍了串口服务器的发展过程、结构和设计原理,分析了滑道装配线的组成和装配工艺,分析了串口通讯时的通讯参数和自定通讯协议的构成,介绍了LabVIEW软件的功能和MX-Component模块的作用,提出了上位机监控软件的主体结构,设计的软件经过调试后能够稳定运行,实际使用结果表明,串口服务器可以很好地解决由独立工位构成的装配线中各控制器的联网监控问题。     

Knowledge management to support product development in cold roll-forming environment

Knowledge and information management has focused on how available knowledge is exploited to enhance organisational performance especially in marketing, costing, design, and manufacturing activities; however, there is limited information on how knowledge acquired during product development can be utilised to provide decision support throughout the product life cycle. Existing knowledge management systems do not seem to provide information on well-known manufacturing constraints and product attributes identified during product development. Secondly, such systems do not provide the means to identify, capture, formalise, present and utilise tacit knowledge which have a major impact on overall product development process. Consequently, knowledge and experiences gained from existing projects are sometimes poorly documented and therefore are not available for reuse in future projects. An organised transfer of knowledge from previous projects will no doubt enhance the quality, efficiency, cost, and time to market of new products and processes. The study carried out here has developed a knowledge management framework to support product development in a cold roll-forming manufacturing environment. Process modelling supported by Integrated Definition for Function Modeling methodology was applied to guide the identification of information and knowledge required to support product development and also for effective decision making in routine cold roll forming.     

A case study in the design of flexible assembly systems

The design of production systems is generally based on economic considerations, which are related to certain technical criteria, such as capacity, availability, and reliability. To realize a cost-effective design, these technical and economic criteria should be considered in their mutual coherence during the conceptual design process. This paper focuses on a productivity model, which is related to this subject. This model allows an opinion to be formed about the technical and economic performance of conceptual robotic assembly cells, during the process of design. First, the system design process is discussed in brief, after which the productivity variables are presented. An illustration of the model is used to assess the technical and economic behavior of alternative system structures for the assembly of a power plug assortment.     

Vehicle conceptual assembly variation analysis system

Assembly success requires an integrated view of assembly sequence, joint configuration, and tolerance fields setting. As a result of incompleteness and uncertainty of design information, it needs to introduce qualitative analysis and reasoning into quantitative methods to help and instruct designers in the project conceptual design stage. A proposed framework for vehicle conceptual assembly design system is presented in the paper. The heuristic algorithm is improved to increase efficiency such as uncertainty presentation in qualitative analysis, fuzzy inferring, and qualitative reasoning of uncertainty knowledge. Some continuous improvement in knowledge-based system is used to help assembly solution generation and greatly increase analysis efficiency. Practical application is broadened to perfect the quantitative and qualitative simulation program. The research will help to construct the big and uniform platform of vehicle body digital concurrent design.     

基于多色集合理论的概念设计建模和推理技术研究

对产品信息建模和推理技术的形式化方法进行了研究。将机械产品中存在的约束关系分为3类4种，在功能方法树中以边的形式进行了表示，建立了包含约束信息的功能方法树模型，在此基础上，利用多色集合理论的元素、统一颜色、个人颜色等概念以及多色图，建立了产品概念设计形式化结构模型；从功能分解和约束条件两方面进行了数学形式的描述、推理，给出了实现产品概念设计形式化推理的计算机算法流程；以隔振系统的概念设计为例，应用和验证了以上理论和方法。研究表明，基于多色集合理论建立的机械产品概念设计模型易于形式化描述和推理，方便计算机编程。     

Sequencing mixed-model assembly lines by considering feeding lines

A mixed-model assembly line is a type of production line where different models of a product are assembled on. Mixed-model assembly lines can respond to unanticipated changes in product demands quickly without keeping so many inventories. Designing mixed-model assembly line involves solving the traditional problems of the assembly line design (consists of balancing problem, determining cycle time, and the number and sequence of stations) in addition of determining the sequence of products in assembly line. The main goal of this paper is presenting a method in order to determine the sequence of products in mixed-model assembly line by considering Just-in-Time systems. Moreover, supplying some required components from feeding lines is considered. A mathematical model is presented which is capable of specifying the sequence of products in the mixed-model assembly line by considering main criteria and keeping feeding lines balanced. Mathematical model can be used for solving small-size problems. Because the combinatorial nature of sequencing problems typically provides an intractable search space for problems of “real world” size, the search heuristics of simulated annealing and ant colony algorithms are presented and used to find solutions for several problem sets. Experimentations show that the simulated annealing approach outperforms the ant colony approach in objective function performance.     

基于eM_Plant的发动机装配线平衡研究

以上汽乘用车发动机厂为案例,通过eM_Plant软件进行仿真,运用人工平衡的方法,对该装配线进行了分析和改进,指出平衡问题是装配线的设计与管理中的重要部分,会直接影响到制造系统的生产率。     

产品概念设计中方案实例的表达与方案生成

概念设计方案实例的知识表达关键是将CBR应用于产品概念设计。将行为信息引入公理化设计中，建立了扩展“之”字映射；在此基础上，构造了概念设计方案实例的知识表示模型——域结构模板；给出了基于域结构模板的多方案生成过程。以高速链式平缝机为例对所述模型和方法进行有效性验证。     

Integrated intelligent design and assembly planning: A survey

This paper reviews the relevant literature of the development of methodologies and systems for integrated intelligent design of assembled products and processes. Based on a combination of the concurrent engineering approach and artificial intelligence techniques, an assembly oriented intelligent scheme for the integration of design and planning is proposed, in which the following components or activities are considered and carried out concurrently and intelligently: assembly modelling and design (conceptual design; preliminary design; detailed design), assembly process planning, assembly system layout and design, assembly simulation, econo-technical (e.g. assembl-ability, assembly time and cost) and ergonomic analysis and evaluation. The literature is reviewed and discussed in relation to the methodologies and systems of implementing the above components or activities and an integrated environment to support them. In addition, some research of our group on this topic is introduced.