食品中使用的天然抗氧化剂

天然抗氧化剂较之合成抗氧化剂更容易被消费者和生产者所接受，其来源主要有，植物油中的天然抗氧化剂，如生育配合及相关化合物，芝麻油和橄榄油中的抗氧化剂以及磷脂；谷物中的天然抗氧化剂，如燕麦粉和燕麦提取物，其它来源的天然抗氧化剂，如酚类化合物，类黄酮，中草药和调味品以及海藻类中抗氧化剂。     

天然抗氧化剂在肉制品中的应用

文章介绍了天然抗氧化剂的种类、性质,重点阐述了不同天然抗氧化剂在肉制品中的应用现状,同时,对天然抗氧化剂在肉制品应用中存在的一些问题进行了分析。     

肉制品加工中使用的辅料——增稠剂

增稠剂是食品添加剂的一种,是指在水中溶解或分散,能增加流体或半流体食品的黏度,并能保持所在体系的相对稳定性的亲水性食品添加剂.在肉制品加工过程中增稠剂是一类重要的添加剂,它不仅可以改善肉制品的结构、质地、保水性等功能,还可以降低生产成本.本文介绍了影响增稠剂作用效果的因素,增稠剂在食品加工中的应用,常用的食品增稠剂及其...     

肉制品加工中使用的辅料——防腐剂

食品防腐剂是一类具有抑制微生物增殖或杀死微生物的化合物。防腐剂抑制与杀死微生物的机理十分复杂,在食品的生产过程中,要正确选用防腐剂,注意其种类、性质、使用范围、价格、毒性、防腐剂的并用及其他因素。目前我国常用的化学防腐剂有苯甲酸及其钠盐、山梨酸及其钾盐、丙酸盐、对羟基苯甲酸酯类、脱氢醋酸及其盐类等;常用的天然防腐剂有植物来源的食品防腐剂、动物来源的食品防腐剂、微生物来源的食品防腐剂及一些新型海洋生物型食品防腐剂等。     

肉制品加工中使用的辅料(二) 香辛料及其在肉制品中的作用

本文论述了我国香辛料的现状、发展趋势以及制备方法,并分析了香辛料在肉制品中的作用。     

天然抗氧化剂抑制肉制品氧化研究进展

天然抗氧化剂具有较好的抗氧化活性,对易腐败变质的肉制品能发挥良好的抗氧化与抑菌作用,且安全性高.针对肉制品在贮藏期间脂质氧化等问题,文章通过从植物、蔬菜、水果等中提取的天然抗氧化剂在香肠、肉饼、腊肉和火腿等肉制品中的保鲜应用进行了综述,为其在肉制品防腐保鲜中的应用提供了理论依据,提高了天然抗氧化剂的附加值,能更有效地应...     

天然抗氧化剂肌肽及其在肉制品中的应用

本文对天然抗氧化剂肌肽的结构、性质、抗氧化机理及安全性作了介绍;综述了肌肽的抗氧化活性在肉制品中的应用,并展望了其发展前景.     

天然抗氧化剂在肉制品中的应用研究进展

肉制品中的脂肪、蛋白质含量丰富,水分活度高,在贮运过程中易被氧化而产生酸败味和褪色,从而失去食用价值和商业价值。因此,如何提高肉制品的货架期成为肉品工业的挑战之一。天然抗氧化剂具有安全性高、抗氧化能力强、无副作用和防腐保鲜等优点,将在肉类工业领域具有广阔的前景。文章概述了天然抗氧化剂的来源、活性成分和抗氧化作用机理以及天然抗氧化剂在肉制品中的应用,讨论了天然抗氧化剂的研究现状及以后的研究趋势。     

肉制品中抗氧化剂的应用概述

肉制品无论是中式制品或西式制品,在一定的保存期内,都会发生氧化现象,其最主要的感观特征表现为食品退色或褐变,肉制品的氧化一直是困扰企业生产发展和消费者食用安全的难题,因此在肉制品中合理添加抗氧化剂是非常必要和有效的,所谓抗氧化剂是阻止或延缓食品氧化,提高食品的稳定性,延长食品贮存期的添加物质,作为食品抗氧化剂应具备几个条件：（1）可食用,无毒、无害。（2）与食品可以共存,（3）微量添加即有效,（4）对食品本身的感官性质没有影响。     

天然抗氧化剂控制草莓加工中Vc损失效应研究

研究了几种天然抗氧化剂在草莓果实浸洗、打浆工序中控制 Vc损失的效应,并与果品加工常用的 EDTA进行比较。结果表明 0 015％的植酸处理组在浸洗、打浆工序中表现出对 Vc良好的保存效果, Vc保存率分别达 91 62％和 70 18％;采用 0 015％的天然混合抗氧化剂进行打浆处理, Vc保存率最高可达 92 14％,表现出极高的增效作用。     

Fruit-based Natural Antioxidants in Meat and Meat Products: A Review

Due to the potential toxic effects of synthetic antioxidants, natural antioxidant sources especially fruits are being preferred now-a-days for use in different meat products. The majority of the antioxidant capacity of a fruit is especially because of numerous phenolic compounds. Many of the phytochemicals present in fruits may help protect cells against the oxidative damage caused by free radicals, thereby reducing the risk of degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, various types of cancers, and neurological diseases. Various parts of the fruit including their byproducts like skin and seeds have been used in meat products. Plum has been used as plum puree, prunes (dried plum), and plum extracts. Grape skin, seed, peel extracts, and grape pomace; berries as cakes and powder extracts; pomegranate rind powder and its juice; and most of the citrus fruits have proved beneficial sources of antioxidants. All these natural sources have effectively reduced the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values and free radical frequency. Thus, lipid oxidation is prevented and shelf life is greatly enhanced by incorporating various kinds of fruits and their byproducts in meat and meat products. There is a great scope for the use of fruits as natural sources of antioxidants in meat industry. The review is intended to provide an overview of the fruit-based natural antioxidants in meat and meat products.     

Recent Trends in the Use of Natural Antioxidants for Meat and Meat Products

Antioxidants are added to fresh and processed meat and meat products to prevent lipid oxidation, retard development of off‐flavors, and improve color stability. In the food industry, they can be divided into natural and synthetic antioxidants. Synthetic antioxidants have been confirmed for their toxicological and carcinogenic effects. Thus, the food industry now chooses natural products over synthetic ones. This review provides an overview of the current trends in the use of antioxidants from natural sources, for potential applications in meat and meat products. These natural antioxidants contain some active compounds, which exert antioxidative potential in meat and meat products by different mechanisms of action. The efficient extraction of these antioxidants from their natural sources, along with establishing their in vitro and in producto antioxidant activity, has been a great challenge for researchers engaged in this field. Therefore, this review is focused on all these aspects, along with current studies related to this area, to provide in‐depth information to readers.     

天然抗氧化剂对动物肉品的作用

肉品中含有丰富的脂肪和蛋白质,在生产、加工及运输过程中极易被氧化,极易发生氧化酸败,使肌肉中的肌红蛋白突发褐变,失去原有的食用价值和商业价值。为了减少肉品的氧化,提高产品品质,添加抗氧化剂己经成为必然选择。天然抗氧化剂具有较高的安全性、抗氧化能力、无副作用和防腐保鲜等优点。本文对天然抗氧化剂在肉品中的应用进行主要的综述。     

单宁的抗氧化调控机制及其在肉品中的应用

肉品的过度氧化严重影响产品质量,给肉品企业造成巨大的经济损失。单宁作为天然抗氧化剂具有资源丰富、可再生、价格低廉、食用安全等优势,且抗氧化效果与合成抗氧化剂相当。单宁在生物体内对机体具有抗氧化作用,其调控机制是一个多途径、多靶点的复杂过程。在肉品加工贮藏过程中,单宁也可通过清除自由基、螯合金属离子等机制发挥抗氧化作用。因此单宁不仅可添加到动物日粮中减缓屠宰后肉的氧化,而且可通过直接添加到肉或肉品包装材料中等方式发挥作用。本文综述单宁在动物体内及肉品加工贮藏过程中的抗氧化调控机制和氧化评价方法,并分析单宁的抗氧化作用在肉品中的应用现状,以期为单宁作为抗氧化剂的广泛应用提供理论参考。     

Effect of Antioxidants and Cooking on Stability of n-3 Fatty Acids in Fortified Meat Products

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to determine the effect of processing and cooking on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) stability and to determine the efficacy of antioxidants (ANTI) to minimize lipid oxidation in cooked n-3 PUFA-fortified meat products. An emulsion of n-3 PUFAs (25% algal oil) was incorporated into ground turkey, pork sausages, or restructured hams (500 mg n-3 PUFA/110 g meat) with or without an "antioxidant cocktail" containing citrate (0.5% w/w), erythorbate (1 g/kg product), and rosemary (0.2% w/w). Ground turkey and pork sausages were frozen 2 d, then cooked to 71°C, and stored at 4°C for 2 d. Cooked, restructured hams were sliced, vacuum packaged, and stored at 4°C, or frozen and thawed with subsequent storage at 4°C. Treatments were CON (control), n-3 (n-3 PUFAs), CON + ANTI and n-3 + ANTI. Products were analyzed for color, lipid oxidation (TBARS and peroxide values), and n-3 PUFA profile. TBARS of n-3 PUFA-fortified treatments in ground turkey and pork sausages increased with storage ( P < 0.05); there were no changes in TBARS for CON + ANTI and n-3 + ANTI groups ( P > 0.05). For restructured hams nitrite curing appeared to delay lipid oxidation such that antioxidant treatment effects were unobservable ( P > 0.05). Overall recovery of n-3 PUFAs after heat processing was 69% to 85%, and there was no effect of storage on n-3 PUFA concentration in raw or cooked products ( P > 0.05). Sensory scores for n-3 treated restructured hams were lower than controls ( P < 0.05). Results suggested that cooking resulted in some losses of n-3 PUFAs in fortified meat products and that an "antioxidant cocktail" protected against lipid oxidation during subsequent storage in non-cured meat products.     

诃子抗氧化剂的研究

对诃子中抗氧化剂的提取、分离、性能及有效成分作了较系统的研究。结果发现：诃子的乙醚、乙酸乙酯及丙酮提取物均有很强的抗氧化活性；诃子抗氧化剂的有效成分主要是鞣花单宁、单宁和黄酮类化合物。研究表明，诃子抗氧化剂有望用于油脂和含油食品的抗氧化，对其进一步研究和开发是富有意义的。