防止油脂氧化抗氧化剂

<正>抗氧化剂系指能防止因氧化而导致食品败坏,酸败和脱色的一类物质,它们能抑制或延迟分子氧化,但用“抗氧化剂”这样一个简单术语表示它们复杂的作用似乎过于简单。食品的氧化会导致食品气味和滋味严重劣变,然而这些又是影响消费者接受的重要因素。虽有许多防止食品氧化变质方法,如提高加工工艺水平、冷藏和适宜的阻气包装,但这些方法均不能有效抑制氧化,所以常在食品加工中加入抗氧化剂来抑制氧化。     

油脂抗氧化剂的研究进展

油脂氧化是影响油脂质量的主要因素,油脂抗氧化剂在油脂储藏和食品加工过程中起作重要的作用。综述了油脂氧化机理、油脂中天然及人工合成抗氧化剂的种类及其抗氧化效果,并提出使用天然抗氧化剂和复配抗氧化剂是油脂工业的发展趋势。     

食品抗氧化剂TBHQ在油脂及食品保存中作用的研究

氧化是导致油脂及食品产品品质变劣的重要因素这一,油脂酸败不仅会造成产品外观和滋气味的变化,而且会降低其内在质量和营养价值,甚至产生有害物质,引起食物中毒。因此,防止氧化是食品工业中需要重视的问题。防止食品氧化,应从原料、加工、保藏等环节上采取相应的措施。此外,适当地配合使用某些安全性高、效果明显的抗氧化剂,在防止油脂及食品氧化的问题上具有良好效果。本文以大量实验数据说明了在各种不同起始条件下,不同     

银杏叶黄酮粗提物的抗氧化性研究

油脂及含油脂食品在贮存中,不饱和脂肪酸极易氧化生成低级脂肪酸,使食品发生酸败,品质变劣。采用抗氧化物来延缓食品的氧化是贮存食品的有效手段,然而在食品添加剂中,抗氧化剂又是最薄弱的一环,天然食用抗氧化剂的研究开发更是亟待加强。     

食品抗氧化剂及其进展(Ⅰ)

抗氧化剂是指能防止食品成分因氧化而导致变质的一类食品添加剂。主要用于防止油脂及富脂食品的氧化酸败,以及由氧化所导致的褪色、褐变、维生素破坏等。食品中的油脂可发生两种化学变化;水解和氧化。水解一般受脂肪酶催化而使油脂水解为甘油、单双甘油醋和游离脂肪酸,可通过加热、精炼,以破坏或消除脂肪酶而达到保护作用。更普通和重要的是油脂的氧化,这是一个十分复杂的过程。也是使用抗氧化剂的主要目的。１　油脂氧化基本过程脂类的氧化主要是脂类与氧分子的直接反应,称“自动氧化”,另有光敏氧化及酶氧化。其中最主要的是自动氧…     

维生素类油脂抗氧化剂

<正> 在食品加工及保存期间,氧化是影响其腐败变质的主要因素之一,这种脂肪变化过程称为酸败。一般来说,在油脂及含脂类食品中较易发生氧化,而氧化也是食品产生异味的主要原因。动植物组织或细胞中存有的天然抗氧化剂,如生育酚(维生素E)和抗坏血酸(维生素C),可以抑制和延缓这种氧化进程。市场上各式各样的维生素类抗氧化剂产品,正是基于此而开发的。     

TBHQ特性、安全性及国内外应用介绍

<正>食品腐败变质的因素是多样的,氧化导致食品变质而最终达到腐烂是其中常见的原因。它使食品的色、香、味和其它的质量要素均发生不良的变化。抗氧化剂是防止食品成份氧化变质的一种(类)食品添加剂,通过给予食品中易氧化成份分子脱氢基团以氢原子,阻止氧化连锁反应或与其形成络合物,或抑制氧化酶类的活性,从而防止或延缓食品被氧化。     

天然抗氧化剂抑制油脂氧化的研究进展

油脂氧化是食品工业中经常遇到、严重影响食品品质的主要问题之一.虽然应用各类人工合成抗氧化剂在抑制食品中脂肪氧化的问题上取得了比较好的效果,但是这一类抗氧化剂会带来食品安全问题.深入研究和推广应用天然抗氧化剂是同时解决脂肪氧化和食品安全问题的重要途径.     

新型天然抗氧化剂日益走俏

为了保证食品长时间内的食用安全性,食品生产企业通常会在食品中添加抗氧化剂。正确使用抗氧化剂可防止食品有效成分被氧化,但如果使用方法不当,往往不能达到理想效果。     

食品中抗氧化剂的发展趋势

综述了食品中油脂氧化的基本过程、天然抗氧化剂的活性成分和抗氧化机理、天然抗氧化剂的开发及不同抗氧化剂协同增效机理和食品抗氧化剂的发展趋势。     

Recent Trends in the Use of Natural Antioxidants for Meat and Meat Products

Antioxidants are added to fresh and processed meat and meat products to prevent lipid oxidation, retard development of off‐flavors, and improve color stability. In the food industry, they can be divided into natural and synthetic antioxidants. Synthetic antioxidants have been confirmed for their toxicological and carcinogenic effects. Thus, the food industry now chooses natural products over synthetic ones. This review provides an overview of the current trends in the use of antioxidants from natural sources, for potential applications in meat and meat products. These natural antioxidants contain some active compounds, which exert antioxidative potential in meat and meat products by different mechanisms of action. The efficient extraction of these antioxidants from their natural sources, along with establishing their in vitro and in producto antioxidant activity, has been a great challenge for researchers engaged in this field. Therefore, this review is focused on all these aspects, along with current studies related to this area, to provide in‐depth information to readers.     

抗氧化天然植物提取物及其在肉品中的应用研究进展

在各类肉品的生产和加工过程中,食品防腐添加剂对于保持产品营养特性和安全性必不可少。然而,人们期待肉品中所添加的成分尽可能源自天然产物,因此寻找可替代食品防腐抗氧化添加剂功能的天然提取物越来越受到关注。现有研究的抗氧化天然提取物来源于蔬菜、水果、香辛料、草本和种子等,主要作用是抑制脂质氧化、酸败,也可在一定程度上抑制微生物生长,应用于各类肉制品中,以有效延长其保质期,甚至还具有其他的功能特性。本文对抗氧化天然提取物的来源、萃取、氧化反应、功能性表现,特别是在各类肉品中的应用进行综述,以期为健康、安全、具有较长保质期和稳定货架期肉品的加工提供借鉴。     

单宁的抗氧化调控机制及其在肉品中的应用

肉品的过度氧化严重影响产品质量,给肉品企业造成巨大的经济损失。单宁作为天然抗氧化剂具有资源丰富、可再生、价格低廉、食用安全等优势,且抗氧化效果与合成抗氧化剂相当。单宁在生物体内对机体具有抗氧化作用,其调控机制是一个多途径、多靶点的复杂过程。在肉品加工贮藏过程中,单宁也可通过清除自由基、螯合金属离子等机制发挥抗氧化作用。因此单宁不仅可添加到动物日粮中减缓屠宰后肉的氧化,而且可通过直接添加到肉或肉品包装材料中等方式发挥作用。本文综述单宁在动物体内及肉品加工贮藏过程中的抗氧化调控机制和氧化评价方法,并分析单宁的抗氧化作用在肉品中的应用现状,以期为单宁作为抗氧化剂的广泛应用提供理论参考。     

Prevention of lipid oxidation in muscle foods by milk proteins and peptides: A review

Muscle foods (especially fresh meat, precooked, and restructured meat products) are highly prone to lipid oxidation, which ultimately leads to certain problems, viz. discoloration, off-flavor, drip losses, loss of essential fatty acids and vitamins, and generation of toxic products. These problems can be minimized with the help of various agents and or techniques such as use of natural/synthetic antioxidants, metal chelating agents, physical conditions, vacuum packaging, and encapsulation techniques. Among these, the role of synthetic antioxidants is quite debatable due to certain health risks to humans. Among the natural molecules, milk proteins and their bioactive peptides offer a promising potential for the meat industry. Various forms of milk proteins and peptides including caseinates, whey proteins, skim milk, and milk co-precipitates can be used to prevent lipid oxidation in meat products either in the form of added ingredients or as edible coatings. However, in addition to prevention of lipid oxidation, they also provide nutritional benefits and improve the technological processing and shelflife of meat and meat products. This review focuses on the utilization, mechanism of action, and efficacy of milk proteins and peptides to inhibit lipid oxidation in muscle food products.     

抗氧化剂抑制血色素蛋白介导的脂质氧化的研究进展

脂质氧化是导致肉类食品质量下降的主要原因,其中血色素蛋白介导的脂质氧化不仅可以引发肉的异味和变色,还会进一步增强血红素蛋白的促氧化活性.在肉制品的加工和储藏过程中,抗氧化剂抑制肉制品氧化速度、最大限度地保留肉制品的风味并延长其货架期.本文从肉制品中血红素蛋白和脂质在贮藏加工中的氧化过程,抗氧化剂抑制血红素蛋白介导的脂质...     

发酵剂抗氧化活性对发酵肉制品品质的影响研究进展

发酵肉制品中脂肪的适度氧化能够赋予产品独特的风味,而脂肪和蛋白质的过度氧化则会对产品的风味、色泽、质地等产生不利影响,甚至产生有毒物质。天然和人工抗氧化剂因来源或安全性问题而使用受到限制,发酵剂作为发酵肉制品的生产原料其抗氧化能力逐渐受到关注。本文探讨了发酵肉制品中脂肪与蛋白质的氧化及发酵剂的抗氧化作用,同时概述了微生物主要的抗氧化酶系,对抗氧化评价方法进行了比较,并对近年来发酵剂在发酵肉制品中的抗氧化活性研究进行了梳理和总结,以期为功能性发酵剂在发酵肉制品中抗氧化性的研究及应用提供理论参考。     

Phospholipids in foods: prooxidants or antioxidants?

Lipid oxidation is one of the major causes of quality deterioration in natural and processed foods and thus a large economic concern in the food industry. Phospholipids, especially lecithins, are already widely used as natural emulsifiers and have been gaining increasing interest as natural antioxidants to control lipid oxidation. This review summarizes the fatty acid composition and content of phospholipids naturally occurring in several foods. The role of phospholipids as substrates for lipid oxidation is discussed, with a focus on meats and dairy products. Prooxidant and antioxidant mechanisms of phospholipids are also discussed to get a better understanding of the possible opportunities for using phospholipids as food antioxidants. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

不同抗氧化剂体外抗氧化活性及其对肉品氧化稳定性的影响

为明确GB 2760-2014《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》中允许添加至热加工肉制品使用的不同抗氧化剂的体外抗氧化活性与其抑制肉制品蛋白质氧化和脂肪氧化能力之间的关系,分别测定8种抗氧化剂的体外抗氧化活性(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由...     

Main characteristics of peanut skin and its role for the preservation of meat products

BackgroundThe produced peanuts by-products are a huge challenge, but they are recognized to be a source of valuable nutrients, including natural antioxidants and antimicrobials. Antioxidants are considered as necessary ingredients in food to prevent oxidative reactions and their undesirable effects in food quality during processing and storage. However, the use of such compounds is regulated due to their harmful effects revealed by in vitro and in vivo studies. The use of natural antioxidants appears as an interesting alternative for food producers, particularly meat industries.Scope and approachPeanut skin (PS), a by-product of peanut processing in agro-industries, constitutes an under-explored source of natural antioxidants. Thus, this review was focused on both the reuse of peanuts by-products and societal health, reducing the use of synthetic antioxidants and antimicrobials.Key findings and conclusionsProanthocyanidins are the main compounds in PS that are associated with the antioxidant activity in vitro and its protective effect in meat products. Studies in recent literature strengthen the role of PS as a natural source of antioxidants wherein oxidative reactions involving mainly pigments, lipids and proteins are delayed.