厌氧折流反应器+好氧处理豆腐生产废水的试验研究

采用酸化预处理、厌氧折流反应器和好氧处理组合工艺对高浓度豆腐生产废水进行处理研究 ,主要考察温度、停留时间对处理效果的影响。结果表明 :预处理对污染物的去除和废水水质的改善有一定的效果 ;厌氧折流反应器是处理的主要单元 ;好氧处理是对厌氧处理出水的进一步处理 ,处理效果受进水浓度和水力停留时间的影响 ;COD和凯氏氮 (TKN)总去除率都超过 95 % ,最终出水能达标排放。     

常温纵向折流套筒式厌氧污泥床反应器处理淀粉废水研究

本文采用常温纵向折流套筒式厌氧污泥床反应器在常温下处理淀粉废水，当ＨＲＴ＝１２ｈ，平均ＣＯＤ容积负荷为９０３ｋｇ／（ｍ３·ｄ）时，ＣＯＤ平均去除率可达８１４７％，并且在反应器中培养出了活性良好的颗粒污泥，反应器出水水质适于进一步好氧生物处理。     

新型废水厌氧处理工艺——内循环厌氧反应器

介绍内循环(IC)厌氧反应器的发展、基本结构、运行机理。分析该反应器的工艺过程,指出该工艺具有处理效率高、抗冲击能力强等优点。针对IC反应器存在的缺陷,人们对该反应器进行技术改进:通过提高它的内循环的气量进行处理低浓度有机废水;增加外循环装置缩短IC反应器的启动周期。     

改良ABR预处理生活污水的启动研究

采用改良的折流式厌氧反应器预处理生活污水,在存在自然接种厌氧污泥的前提下,考察了反应器的启动情况,并研究了HRT对CODCr和SS去除效果的影响.结果表明:反应器在2周后完成启动,CODCr去除率达到80%以上,且运行稳定;HRT对污染物去除影响较大,当HRT为4.8 h时,CODCr和SS的去除率均达到75%以上,实现了较好的预处理效果.     

一体式厌氧平板膜生物反应器处理酒厂废水的研究

研究了容积负荷、水力停留时间对一体式厌氧平板膜生物反应器处理高浓度酒厂废水效果的影响。试验结果表明,CODCr负荷为5．2～8 kg／(m3·d),水力停留时间3～5 d时,CODCr平均去除率为95％。正常运行时的碱度与VFA的比为2．5～4．5。当CODCr负荷超过10 kg／(m3·d),系统 VFA出现累积,COD去除率下降。水力停留时间对一体式厌氧平板膜生物反应器处理效果有重要影响,水力停留时间应大于70 h。     

复合流式与推流式人工湿地去除效果的比较

本文通过一个小型复合流式和一个推流式人工湿地的设计及实验,监测了CODMn、NH3-N、N03^-N、N02^N等指标,比较了两种湿地对有机物的去除效果。结果表明,复合式人工湿地对CODMn、N03^-N的去除效果比推流式的好;而对NH3^-N的去除效果没有推流式的好;在两种湿地中增加污染负荷和延长水力停留时间都能增加污染物的去除率。     

厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床反应器水力优化数值模拟研究

厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床（EGSB）反应器内部流场及浓度场分布影响反应器运行效率,污染物不均匀分布会导致反应器内微生物无法与污染物充分接触,使处理效率下降。对EGSB反应器内部流场及浓度场进行模拟,研究污染物浓度分布对处理效率的影响,可实现对反应器结构的优化。在流体力学模型的组分浓度输运方程源项中嵌入厌氧消化数学模型,构造CFD-厌氧消化耦合模型进行模拟。结果表明,EGSB反应器内部污染物浓度分布呈现中轴处高近壁处低的不均匀分布,在一定高度处甚至出现死区,不利于微生物的生长,严重降低了反应器处理效率。通过在反应器内增设挡流板,使中轴处污染物随水流向壁面分流,可以有效提高近壁面附近污染物浓度,减小死区体积,提高反应器处理效率。     

新型对称折板式竖井水力特性

为提高传统折板式竖井的入流稳定性、结构对称性和空间利用率,构造出一种新型对称折板式竖井.利用Fluent的Realizable k-ε模型和VOF两相流模型,分别模拟了具有相同高度、直径及折板层数的传统折板式竖井和新型折板式竖井的水力特性,对比了进口水流流量为5.5 l/s-16.5 l/s时两种竖井的流态、流速、压强...     

厌氧颗粒污泥悬浮床反应器的理论基础初探

从反应器理论上对现有高效厌氧反应器流动状态进行研究和分析,认为化工过程理论提出的膨胀床和流化床之间实际上还存在着一个过渡区。经过对反应器过渡区流动状态细致研究,提出悬浮床反应器的概念。重点讨论厌氧悬浮床反应器理论,并通过上流式厌氧污泥床运行模式的实际反应器运行分析,从试验角度证实厌氧悬浮床反应器流动状态的优越性。     

厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)工艺特性初探

以蔗糖为基质 ,小试规模对厌氧序批式反应器的工艺特性进行了初步探讨。研究了有机负荷、冲击负荷、进水时间 /出水时间以及搅拌对COD去除率的影响 ,并分析了F/M值和反应器中污泥沉淀速度的关系     

Application of Froude dynamic similitude in anaerobic baffled reactors to prediction of hydrodynamic characteristics of a prototype reactor using a model reactor

An anaerobic baffled reactor is a system developed in recent decades and has been used as part of the treatment of high-strength wastewater. Since the function of this system is based on its hydrodynamic features, hydrodynamics and the regime of the flow through the reactor are crucial. In this study, a prototype reactor with eight chambers, which had a total volume of 48 L, and a model reactor, whose dimensions were half of those of the prototype reactor, were used. The Froude dynamic similitude in these reactors was investigated. The results show that the curve dimensionless variances were 0.089 and 0.096 for the prototype and model reactors, respectively, the short-circuiting indices were 0.483 and 0.489 for the prototype and model reactors, respectively, the effective volume and short-circuiting index measurement errors were both 1%, the hydraulic efficiency error was 2%, and the Peclet and dispersion number errors were both 7%. Most of the compared indices were close to one another in value. Therefore, the model reactor can be used based on the Froude dynamic similitude to determine hydrodynamic characteristics of a baffled reactor at a full scale.     

ABR处理农村生活污水填料选择的研究

采用厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)处理农村生活污水,并选择出适合农村生活污水处理的ABR填料。以立体弹性填料、纤维球填料和鲍尔环填料作为ABR填料,以无填料ABR为对照实验装置,考察了填料对ABR处理效果和生物相的影响,并对各填料ABR工程造价进行了分析。研究结果表明:装填立体弹性填料、纤维球填料和鲍尔环填料后,ABR对COD、SCOD和SS的去除率均有一定程度的提高;装填填料ABR中微生物种类和数量均多于无填料ABR;立体弹性填料的造价分别约为纤维球填料和鲍尔环填料的1/8和1/15。因此,立体弹性填料最适合作为ABR处理农村生活污水用填料,装置稳定后,出水COD、SCOD和SS的平均浓度分别为87.42、49.61和13.20 mg/L,平均去除率分别为59.04%、60.05%和84.12%。     

ABR处理印染废水的生化反应动力学研究

通过静态试验研究了ABR对印染废水各隔室水解动力学.结果表明,在35 ℃±1 ℃条件下,当各隔室初始COD_(Cr)分别为860 mg/L、677 mg/L、601 mg/L和559 mg/L时,反应3 h后出水COD_(Cr)浓度分别为633 mg/L、555 mg/L、505 mg/L和470 mg/L.第1隔室的去除率约为26.4%,2～4隔室COD_(Cr)去除率相对较低,为15%～18%,4隔室缺氧折流板反应器各隔室的水解速率常数分别为0.119 8 h~(-1)、0.070 2 h~(-1)、0.067 6 h~(-1)和0.068 8 h-1.     

A review of modified and hybrid anaerobic baffled reactors for industrial wastewater treatment

This review discusses high-strength wastewater treatment using anaerobic baffled reactors (ABRs) and modified ABRs. The research findings and applications of ABRs in treating various types of high strength wastewater generated from food companies, livestock, and industries were summarized and reported. Measurement parameters affecting the performance of ABRs are briefly discussed. The state-of-the-art laboratory studies are compiled and critically reviewed. Critical challenges and suggestions for future investigation are also addressed.     

Effects of hydraulic retention time,temperature, and effluent recycling on efficiency of anaerobic filter in treating rural domestic wastewater

With rural population expansion and improvement of the socio-economic standard of living, treatment of rural domestic wastewater has rapidly become a major aspect of environmental concern. Selection of a suitable method for treatment of rural domestic wastewater depends on its efficiency, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness. This study investigated the effects of hydraulic retention time(HRT), temperature, and effluent recycling on the treatment efficiency of an anaerobic filter(AF) reactor. The first round of experimental operations was run for three months with HRTs of one, two, and three days, temperatures of 18℃, 21℃, and 24℃, and no effluent recycling. The second round of experimental operations was conducted for another three months with HRTs of three and four days; temperatures of 30.67℃, 30.57℃, and 26.91℃; and three effluent recycling ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. The first round of operations showed removal rates of 32% to 44% for COD, 30% to 35% for TN, 32% to 36% for +4NH-N, 19% to 23% for 3NO-N-, and 12% to 22% for TP. In the second round of operations, the removal rates varied from 75% to 81% for COD, 35% to 41% for TN, 31% to 39% for +4NH-N, 30% to 34% for 3NO-N-, and 41% to 48% for TP. The average gas production rates were 6.72 L/d and 7.26 L/d for the first and second rounds of operations, respectively. The gas production rate increased in the second round of operations as a result of applied effluent recycling. The best removal efficiency was obtained for an optimum HRT of three days, a temperature of 30℃, and an effluent recycling ratio of 2:1. The results show that the removal efficiency of the AF reactor was affected by HRT, temperature, and effluent recycling.     

内循环厌氧反应器在蔗渣堆场喷淋废水处理的应用

介绍了蔗渣喷淋废水特性及处理现状,根据该类废水水质比较了目前常用的几类工艺。基于某工程实例,论述了以内循环厌氧反应器为核心的厌氧处理工艺的实际应用效果。     

琴键堰过流水力特性数值模拟

琴键堰是一种新型的迷宫堰结构形式,其特点是相同堰宽、水头条件下泄流能力提升显著,采用RNG k-ε型湍流数学模型,VOF法处理自由水面,建立三维数学模型。通过对不同工况琴键堰体型的模拟计算,获得三维流场水流流态、流速等信息。结果表明:(1)采用Fluent软件对琴键堰进行数值模拟的适用性强,并验证了琴键堰的泄流效果显著;(2)琴键堰的三维流场流态复杂,具有三元水流的性质,堰上水头的变化影响琴键堰的泄流能力;(3)上、下游处水流呈明渠流状态,速度最小,为0.2m/s,流经堰体时形成水舌,流速增大,水舌与堰壁间空腔处有通气孔掺气,形成漩涡区,气体流速2m/s,水舌入水后有水气混掺。利用数值模拟技术,使获得的流场信息更加详尽,为进一步研究琴键堰流场特性奠定基础。     

Effects of nitrobenzene concentrations and hydraulic retention time on the treatment of nitrobenzene in sequential anaerobic baffled reactor and continuously stirred tank reactor system.

The effects of increasing nitrobenzene (NB) concentrations and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the performance of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and aerobic completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) were studied. In the first step the NB concentration was increased from 30 to 700 mg/L at constant COD and flowrates. Maximum COD removal efficiencies in ABR varied between 88-92% as NB concentrations increased from 30 to 210 mg/L. After this dose, COD removal efficiency decreased to 85 and 79% at NB concentrations of 550 and 700 mg/L, respectively. Removal efficiencies of NB were nearly 100% for all NB concentrations in ABR reactor effluent. In the second step, COD and NB concentrations were kept constant while HRT decreased from 10.38 days to 1 day. As HRT decreased from 10.38 to 2.5 days the COD removal efficiencies in the anaerobic and anaerobic/aerobic reactor effluents were 92-94% and 97-98%, respectively. As HRT decreased from 2.5 days to 1 day COD removal efficiencies in the anaerobic and anaerobic/aerobic reactor effluents decreased to 83 and 95%, respectively. This study showed that HRT is a more important operation parameter than increasing NB concentration in ABR/CSTR sequential reactor system. Although ABR/CSTR system exhibited good COD and NB removal efficiencies, the lower HRTs slightly decreased the removal efficiencies compared to increasing NB concentration.