基于FT与超像素模糊C均值聚类的马铃薯病虫害图像识别技术

本文针对马铃薯病虫害区域难以自动分割的问题,提出了一种基于FT显著性检测与超像素模糊C均值聚类（SFFCM）相融合的无监督分割方法。该算法利用FT显著性检测增强梯度图像,并对梯度增强图像进行重构。经过分水岭分割后,对各超像素区域颜色求平均,利用FCM算法聚类得到最终的分割图。实验表明,与SFFCM、SFFCM-SR相比,本文算法分割效果占优。     

改进的Shearlet变换耦合频率特征的图像融合算法

目的解决当前图像融合算法大都直接在图像的像素灰度空间上进行融合,导致融合图像存在视觉效果差及算法鲁棒性不强等问题。方法文中提出改进的Shearlet变换耦合频率特征的多聚焦图像融合算法。将Shearlet变换(ST)和非下采样小波变换(NSWT)进行融合,形成改进的Shearlet变换(ST-NSWT)对源图像分解,获取图像的低、高频子带系数;构建区域能量模型,对源图像之间的低频子带系数进行相关性度量,完成低频子带的融合;对高频子带的频率特征进行分析,建立方差模型、平均梯度模型、空间频率模型,分别对源图像的灰度相关性、清晰度相关性及活跃度相关性进行测量,完成高频子带的融合,最后通过ST-NSWT逆变换,输出融合图像。结果与当前多聚焦图像融合算法相比,文中算法融合的图像能较好地保留更多的细节及边缘信息,使融合图像具备更佳的视觉效果。结论所提算法具有更好的融合质量,可用于遥感探测与包装印刷检测等领域。     

无需重构的多分辨率图像融合算法(英文)

提出了一种基于平稳小波变换的多聚焦图像融合算法。首先对待融合图像进行平稳小波分解,得到图像尺寸相同的低频分量和高频分量,然后对低频分量使用拉普拉斯能量进行清晰度判断,对于高频分量,则先计算其各个尺度,不同方向高频分量的绝对值和,进而通过能量特征判断其清晰度,最后通过比较低频分量和高频分量清晰度决策图的相同和相异性得到融合图像。计算机仿真实验表明,本文算法得到的融合图像清晰度较好,熵、平均梯度、空间频率和互信息等客观评价指标值高于平均法和传统基于小波变换的图像融合算法,互信息量比文献[3]中的方法提高了约2.4倍,是一种有效的多聚焦图像融合算法。     

基于多策略的多聚焦图像融合方法

针对多聚焦图像融合,在小波变换基础上提出了一种多策略的融合方法.图像小波变换后的低频分量采用基于清晰度的方法,清晰度评价函数选用八邻域拉普拉斯算子和;而高频分量采用基于空间频率的方法,并且只计算与高频方向相一致的空间频率,减小了计算量.融合效果评价除使用传统方法的熵、交叉熵外,还使用了基于三个方向(水平、垂直和对角)的空间频率和通用的主观与客观相结合的新方法.实验结果表明,本文方法得到的融合图像效果最好,优于文中的其它算法,同时本文使用的评价方法也是适用和有效的.     

基于SNIC超像素融合纹理特征和上下文内容的显著性目标检测算法

针对显著性目标检测算法在面对复杂场景图像时存在背景错误凸显和不能凸显纹理细节的问题,提出一种改进的基于SNIC超像素融合纹理特征和上下文内容的显著性目标检测算法。对图像进行SNIC超像素分割,基于超像素的距离、颜色得到超像素显著图;利用LBP算子得到图像的纹理显著图,将超像素显著图以及纹理显著图结合得到初级显著图,最后将初级显著图与CA模型下的显著图融合,得到最终显著图。基于MSRA10K数据集将该文算法与其他5种算法进行对比测试。结果表明：该文所提出的算法与其他现有的显著目标检测算法相比,该文算法可有效抑制相似背景的干扰,突出目标区域的纹理信息,并且具有较高的准确度和稳定性。     

基于焦点度量与模糊逻辑的多聚焦图像融合算法

目的为了使多聚焦灰度图像融合时保持源图像清晰信息,并有效抑制块效应和重影现象,基于3种不同聚焦测量与模糊推理系统,设计一种焦点度量与模糊逻辑的多聚焦灰度图像融合方案。方法首先,分别利用空间频率(SF)、改进的Laplacian能量和(SML),以及梯度和(SOG)计算输入灰度图像在像素邻域的局部焦点特征,并利用像素相关性改善对比度,从而得到SF,SML,SOG等3种聚焦度量。其次,根据SF与SML强度关系,建立焦点三态图,结合互补聚焦信息,并进行形态、中值滤波和一致性检查,消除狭窄的鸿沟和突起问题。然后,引入模糊逻辑算子,将每个图像像素的SF,SML图以及SOG作为模糊化的输入,通过模糊规则和去模糊器,生成每个图像的融合权重。最后,根据焦点权重执行加权融合,形成最后的融合图像。结果实验结果表明,与当前流行的融合方案相比,对于灰度图像,所提算法在融合性能上具有一定的优势,其融合图像具有更好的景深信息,避免了块效应与重影现象。结论所提算法具有良好的融合质量,能够有效提高灰度图像的分辨率,在图像处理领域具有一定的价值。     

一种基于Directionlet变换的图像融合算法

为了提高图像融合效果,提出了一种基于Directionlet变换的图像融合算法.首先对已配准的待融合源图像由给定的生成矩阵分别进行陪集分解,得到每个陪集对应的子图;接着将每两个子图相减,得到源图像的高频和低频分量,其中边缘、纹理等奇异特征包含在高频分量中;然后对低频分量采用直接平均融合的方法进行系数选择,对高频分量选择子区域边缘信息较强的系数;最后,通过Directionlet陪集分解的反变换,得到融合后的图像.多聚焦图像融合实验表明,在主观视觉上,该算法明显更好地融合了边缘等图像特征,从而较好地保持了左右聚焦图像各自的细节信息;在客观评价上,通过熵、平均梯度、标准差和互信息量等性能参数比较,该方法也优于小波变换和其他的融合方法.     

基于复合激励模型的Surfacelet域多聚焦图像融合方法

针对基于传统多尺度分析对图像分解得到的方向子带数量较少,抑制噪声能力弱,融合图像边缘连贯性不好的缺点,本文提出一种基于Surfacelet变换和复合激励模型的多聚焦图像融合方法。通过分别将两幅图像经Surfacelet变换后得到若干不同频带子图像,该方法根据低频子带和高频子带的特点,建立复合激励模型,即分别把改进的拉普拉斯能量和与空间频率作为复合型PCNN的外部激励,采用复合型PCNN优选融合系数,改善融合效果。获取的融合图像的灰度级分布更加分散,图像纹理连贯,细节突出。实验结果表明,该算法克服传统多聚焦图像融合方法的缺陷,客观评价指标显示本方法优于Laplace、DWT和PCA等传统图像融合方法。     

基于超像素快速模糊聚类的印刷品图像分割方法

针对当前彩色印刷品色差检测过程中效率低、复杂性高等问题,提出了一种基于超像素快速模糊聚类的印刷品图像分割方法（SFFCM）。先用简单线性迭代聚类（SLIC）算法将图像分割为紧密相邻的超像素区域。每个超像素区域被视为一个独立的聚类单元。随后,将模糊C均值聚类（FCM）算法应用于超像素的归属关系计算中,即引入隶属度值,允许超像素归属于多个聚类中心,并通过权衡归属度值来实现模糊聚类。实验结果表明,相对于其他算法,本文方法在保持良好实时性的同时,实现了较好的分割效果,有效平衡了算法复杂度与分割效果之间的关系。     

基于超像素的联合能量主动轮廓CT图像分割方法

为解决医学CT图像主动轮廓分割方法中对初始轮廓敏感的问题,提出一种基于超像素和卷积神经网络的人体器官CT图像联合能量函数主动轮廓分割方法。该方法首先基于超像素分割对CT图像进行超像素网格化,并通过卷积神经网络进行超像素分类确定边缘超像素;然后提取边缘超像素的种子点组成初始轮廓;最后在提取的初始轮廓基础上,通过求解本文提出的综合能量函数最小值实现人体器官分割。实验结果表明,本文方法与先进的U-Net方法相比平均Dice系数提高5%,为临床CT图像病变诊断提供理论基础和新的解决方案。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to