钢管柱-H形梁节点中的模块化耗能技术探讨

提出一种应用于矩形钢管柱-H形梁连接的模块化节点型式,对模块化节点型式和传统焊接节点型式进行了单调加载的非线性有限元模拟,对不同节点型式发生延性断裂的倾向大小作出评价。分析研究表明,提出的模块化节点型式比传统的焊接节点型式延性好,能更大程度地利用节点域剪切塑性变形的稳定耗能能力。     

附设粘滞阻尼器的传统风格建筑钢结构双梁-柱节点动力试验研究

将减震技术应用到传统风格建筑钢结构中,在梁-柱节点位置以粘滞阻尼器替代“雀替”。设计了三个传统风格建筑钢结构双梁-柱节点,包括两个附设粘滞阻尼器的节点试件和一个无阻尼器的对比节点试件,模型比例均为1∶2.6。通过周期性动力加载试验研究了滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、耗能能力以及刚度退化等抗震性能指标。试验结果表明:附设粘滞阻尼器的传统风格建筑钢结构节点试件的滞回曲线更加饱满,耗能能力优于无阻尼器的对比节点试件,峰值荷载相比提高了34%~46%;各节点试件的位移延性系数介于1.79~1.96,表明附设粘滞阻尼器对节点试件位移延性系数的影响较小;有控节点的等效粘滞阻尼系数是无控节点的1.1~1.5倍,说明设置于梁-柱节点处的粘滞阻尼器发挥了良好的抗震性能。     

钢骨混凝土异形柱-钢梁节点抗震性能试验研究

为了研究钢骨混凝土异形柱-钢梁节点的抗震性能,进行了4个T形钢骨混凝土柱-钢梁节点和4个L形钢骨混凝土柱-钢梁节点的拟静力试验。试验考虑了混凝土强度等级、核心区配箍率和轴压比等参数的影响,对骨架曲线、承载力、核心区剪切变形、延性和耗能能力等抗震性能指标进行了分析。结果表明,在低周往复荷载作用下,钢骨混凝土异形柱-钢梁框架节点滞回曲线饱满,表现出良好的延性性能和耗能能力,典型破坏形态为节点核心区剪切斜压破坏和节点区焊缝失效破坏;高轴压力下节点具有较高的承载能力但延性性能降低;混凝土强度越高,节点承载能力越大,但延性性能越差;增大核心区配箍率对试件的延性和承载力有明显的提高,并能改善试件屈服后的耗能能力。     

钢框架-装配式两边连接薄钢板剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

该文提出了一种适用于装配式高层钢结构的两边连接间断式盖板钢板剪力墙连接节点（DCPC）,分别对一个带DCPC的装配式两边连接钢框架-钢板剪力墙试件（FPSPSW）和一个两边焊接钢框架-钢板剪力墙试件（FWSPSW）进行了低周往复加载试验,研究了两种不同连接形式的钢框架-钢板剪力墙试件的抗震性能,得到了两组试件各自的破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线及抗震性能指标等,对比分析了两者的破坏特征、延性性能、耗能能力及刚度退化等力学性能。结果表明:带DCPC的装配式两边连接钢框架-钢板剪力墙具有良好的抗震性能;结构本身符合"强框架弱墙板、强柱弱梁"的抗震设计理念;DCPC节点在不损失抗震性能的基础上,可提供比传统焊接钢板剪力墙结构更好的耗能能力,且保证了良好的震后可修复功能。     

钢框架梁翼缘削弱型节点力学性能的试验研究

梁翼缘削弱的梁柱刚性连接是将塑性铰外移的一种典型节点形式。为研究这种连接形式在循环荷载作用下的滞回性能,共进行了6个模型的拟静力加载试验,其中5个模型用于研究梁翼缘的削弱深度、削弱长度、削弱起始位置对节点连接的破坏形态、极限荷载、最大塑性转角、延性性能的影响。作为比较,还进行了一个传统型梁柱全焊接刚性模型连接的试验。试验结果表明:梁翼缘削弱节点比传统梁柱刚性连接具有良好的塑性变形能力和耗能性能,试验中5个节点的塑性转角都大于0.04rad,延性系数大于4.0,达到了抗弯钢框架连接塑性转角不小于0.03rad,延性系数不小于4.0的要求。而普通梁柱全焊接刚性连接的塑性转角仅达到0.026rad,延性系数仅为2.4。5个试件的破坏主要以翼缘削弱处平面外刚度较弱而导致梁发生扭转失稳或梁下翼缘与柱连接的对接焊缝的脆性断裂为主。研究结果表明:将梁翼缘进行适当的削弱后形成的骨型节点可以增加梁柱节点的耗能性能,是一种较为理想的延性节点。     

钢管混凝土柱-双面组合作用梁框架节点抗震性能试验研究

为了研究钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁框架节点的抗震性能,设计了3个钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁十字形框架节点和1个普通钢-混凝土单面组合作用梁十字形框架节点,并对其进行低周往复加载试验,对比分析其破坏模式、极限承载力、初始刚度、耗能能力、延性、刚度退化等抗震性能指标;通过改变下部混凝土板厚度和传力方式,研究下部混凝土板不同厚度和不同传力方式对双面组合作用梁力学性能的影响。结果表明:与普通钢-混凝土单面组合作用梁框架节点相比,钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁十字形框架节点具有更高的承载力和刚度,适用于荷载较大的结构,但在延性、刚度退化和耗能能力等方面无明显优势;下部混凝土板采用集中传力和均匀传力的方式对双面组合作用梁抗震性能的影响无明显区别;下部混凝土板采用预制法制作和螺栓连接更加方便、可靠。     

一种新型装配式梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究

提出一种新型装配式全栓接的方钢管柱H型梁梁柱节点。为研究节点的抗震性能,对6个1:2试件进行了拟静力试验。分析轴压比、抗弯、抗剪螺栓预拉力、槽形钢厚度、狗骨式连接等参数对节点的破坏模式、滞回性能、延性的影响。研究结果表明:在0.2~0.4范围内提高轴压比,节点的极限承载力略有降低,但耗能能力和延性均有提高;降低抗剪螺栓的预拉力,节点的极限承载力,耗能能力与延性均有降低;降低槽形钢的板厚,节点承载力微有提高,节点梁柱相对转角提高,但耗能能力降低;降低抗弯螺栓预拉力,节点的极限承载力提升,但耗能能力与延性均有降低;采用狗骨式连接,虽然梁翼缘削弱部位在加载后期出现撕裂,但节点表现出良好的延性和耗能能力以及稳定的刚度退化性能。节点层间位移延性系数μ=2~2.66,弹性层间位移角φ_y=0.0208~0.0327,弹塑性层间位移角φ_u=0.0486~0.079,梁柱相对极限塑性转角θ_u=0.05~0.087。极限荷载时等效粘滞阻尼系数h_e=0.287~0.45,试验结果表明节点具有良好的抗震性能。     

Q460高强钢管柱-H形梁焊接节点循环拉伸性能试验研究

为研究Q460高强钢管柱-H形梁焊接节点在地震作用下的力学行为,对11个梁翼缘板与柱段焊接组成的节点进行了低周循环拉伸性能试验,研究了梁翼缘板与钢管宽度比α、厚度比β以及钢管宽厚比λ等参数对节点破坏模式、承载力、延性和耗能能力的影响规律。结果表明：在循环拉伸荷载作用下,Q460高强钢管柱-H形梁焊接节点的失效模式主要分为连接处焊缝断裂、连接处钢管面板断裂或梁翼缘板被拉断三种;高强钢梁翼缘板与钢管宽度比、钢管柱宽厚比对焊接节点的受力行为影响较大,当宽厚比α由25.0减小到18.75时,节点的应变能减小了134%;当节点破坏时,具有新型焊接通过孔构造的焊接节点极限位移超过传统构造节点近2倍,前者延性性能较好。研究成果可为高强钢管柱与梁焊接节点的抗震设计以及进一步的理论研究提供依据。     

可更换延性耗能连接组件的钢框架节点抗震性能研究

为满足高烈度、高人口密度地区对高延性和高耗能能力装配式钢结构的迫切需求,采用高性能低屈服点钢材代替传统钢材来制作钢框架节点连接组件,利用高强度螺栓与主体结构连接,实现预制装配功能、"延性耗能保险丝"功能、震后可更换功能的叠加。采用通用有限元软件ABAQUS建立非线性全接触有限元模型,结合国内外已有的钢框架全螺栓连接节点循环加载试验,验证建立的数值模型对模拟局部屈曲以及螺栓滑移现象的准确性。在此基础上,通过建立三类典型带连接组件的全螺栓连接钢框架节点数值模型,采用三种不同材料LYP100、LYP160和Q235制作连接组件,对比其承载性能、滞回行为、累积塑性应变以及耗能能力等,深入探讨采用低屈服点钢材连接组件钢框架节点的工作机理。结果表明:连接组件采用低屈服点钢材,可改变节点破坏模式,使塑性累积变形主要集中在连接组件上,耗散大部分能量（90%左右）,避免主体结构过早进入塑性阶段,有效发挥"延性耗能保险丝"作用;带低屈服点钢材连接组件节点的耗能能力高于带普通钢材连接组件的节点;当节点转角达到0.045 rad时,低屈服点钢材连接组件的最大伸长率远小于低屈服点钢材极限强度所对应的应变,说明连接组件仍具有较大的变形空间,不会发生提早断裂破坏,有效提高节点延性。     

轴压比对不同类型ECC框架节点抗震性能影响EI北大核心CSCD

对低周循环荷载下框架节点位移延性系数μ影响因素进行分析,指出轴压比是影响框架节点延性的主控因素。以ECC框架节点中十字型节点和T型节点抗震性能试验为原型,基于有限元软件ABAQUS中CDP模型建立框架节点计算模型,并与试验结果比较,验证了计算模拟的可靠性。基于此,建立轴压比分别为0.3,0.5,0.7和0.9的二级抗震等级下的ECC框架节点计算模型,研究轴压比对不同类型ECC节点抗震性能的影响。结果表明:轴压比对ECC框架节点抗震性能影响明显,十字型及T型节点的耗能能力、刚度退化及位移延性系数与轴压比(0.5-0.9)呈负相关,其构件破坏形态为延性破坏;而在同一轴压比(0.3-0.7)和加载制度下,T型节点的抗震性能要优于十字型节点,位移延性系数增加4.1%-35.1%。为了保证十字型、T型框架节点的抗震性能,建议ECC框架节点设计轴压比应控制在0.5左右。     

不锈钢真空钎焊

简述了不锈钢真空钎焊技术的应用、原理、工艺及设备情况,并概述了不锈钢真空钎焊技术的发展趋势.     

Method for repairing of adhesive-bonded steel

With an increase in the use of advanced high strength steels in vehicle architectures, materials joining issues (e.g., performance and manufacturability) have become increasingly important. Among the various joining methods, adhesive bonding is increasingly used in automobile manufacturing. Successful implementation of adhesive bonding for vehicle welding application requires not only the knowledge of issues related to processing and design but also a practical method to repair the bonded joints.In this study, a plug stud welding (PSW) process is proposed to repair the bonded steels. The process is as follows: (a) punching a hole at the first metal sheet; (b) inserting slug into hole; (c) and (d) passing electrical arc through slug of sufficient intensity to promote melting at the interface between the first and second metal sheets and slug, thereby (e) securing the metal workpiece. The repaired bonded DP780 steel samples were fabricated and tested. Test results were compared with that of conventional resistance spot welds. The results show that repaired bonded steels had comparable tensile and fatigue strengths to conventional spot welds. These results suggest that plug stud welding process is feasible for repairing the adhesive-bonded steels in vehicle assembly plants and collision body shops.     

Optimal scrap combination for steel production

In steel production, scrap metal is used for cooling the enormous quantity of heat produced by blowing oxygen on hot metal. Scrap differs in regard to the content of iron and of some tramp elements. The price of the scrap depends on these attributes. Each melting bath unit of steel has its own material constraints for the amount of iron and tramp elements in order to guarantee the desired quality. In addition, the transportation of scrap is restricted because it needs time and space: the scrap is kept in some railroad cars in the scrap hall; empty cars must leave the hall, filled cars must be taken from several railroad tracks in the scrap yard and assembled to a train before transportation to the hall. There are upper limits for the number of cars in the hall and in the train, also for the number of railroad tracks used for assembly.Our objective is to find a minimum cost scrap combination for each melting bath unit of steel that obeys the material and transportation constraints. We model the problem using a MIP (mixed integer linear programming) approach. Real-life situations are solved with the commercial MIP-solver CPLEX. We present computational results which show significant improvement compared to the strategy applied today.     

T10钢快速球化退火工艺的研究

通过对球化退火的理论和工艺的研究,制定出T10钢奥氏体化温度Ac1透烧的快速球化退火新工艺,使球化加热的保温时间缩短到原工艺的1/4.     

Alkylated fullerene as lubricant additive in paraffin oil for steel/steel contacts

An alkylated fullerene which bears three eicosyl chains (3,4,5-C₂₀C₆₀, 1) was synthesized via [3 + 2] cycloaddition. At 25°C where the aliphatic chains are in the crystalline state, 1 exhibits a moderately improved solubility in paraffin oil compared to pristine C₆₀. At 80°C which is well-above the chain melting temperature (T_c), a significant solubility increase was observed. Upon cooling to 25°C, suspension containing plate-like aggregates composed of lamellar subunits form, which can be stable for several days. Applications of 1 as a lubricant additive in paraffin oil (PO) for steel/steel contacts both below and above T_c have been investigated in detail. It was found that the addition of 1.0 wt% 1 to PO can reduce the friction coefficient by ～24% at 25°C. Moderate reduction of the friction coefficient at 90°C was also observed. Analysis on the worn surfaces revealed a pronounced antiwear property of 1 by reducing the areas of the worn surfaces and smoothing the scuffing. Our results show that alkylated fullerenes can be potentially used as a new generation of lubricant additives. Finally, the lubrication mechanisms of 1 at different temperatures were discussed.     

Dynamic-failure micromechaimisms for ductile high-tensile steel

Three batches of ductile hightensile Cr-Mo-Ni steel have been used in shock loading at speeds of 50–500 m/sec to show that dynamic strain and failure occur simultaneously at several scale levels, with the dynamic strength in antiphase at adjacent levels. This characteristic is directly related to the kinetics of the elementary plastic-strain carriers. In particular, increasing the spread in particle velocity at the mesolevel (1–10 m) increases the macroscopic strength, which indicates that a wide velocity distribution at the mesolevel favors homogenization and the elimination of local stresses. Microstructure studies show that the highest dynamic strength occurs in a material in which there are rotational strain mechanisms at the mesolevel, and the wider the particle velocity distribution, the less the dynamic-rotation diameter.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 31–42, January, 1994.     

Environmental stress intensity for maraging steel

Stress intensity, K, values for 18 Ni 1800 MPa maraging steel stressed to 90% of its K _IC level and exposed to water, hydraulic oil (servo 317) and water inhibited with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2% dichromate (pH about 7.5) for various durations were determined using the modified wedge opening loading (WOL) technique. Experiments revealed that there is no appreciable deterioration in K in oil and water inhibited with 1.5% and 2% dichromate even after 25 days exposure. The threshold stress intensity is reached after 15 days in 0.5% dichromate inhibited water at 40 MPa m^1/2. Stress corrosion crack growth rate in water is about 40 times the rate in hydraulic oil. Crack path characteristics of the WOL-tested maraging steel specimens in different environments are briefly mentioned.