改变SBR工艺运行方式对污染物去除效果试验研究

SBR法以其运行方式灵活的特点可以实现对不同污染物去除的控制,本试验基于此特点,通过改变SBR工艺的运行方式,考察不同运行条件下CODCr、NH3-N、TP的去除率,从中确定最佳运行参数.在最佳运行参数下,稳定运行8个周期,出水CODCr、NH3-N、TP均能达到生活杂用水标准.     

SBR运行模式优化研究

采用SBR工艺,按照短时进水—厌氧—曝气—缺氧—沉淀—排水—闲置的运行方式对某校园废水进行了单因素试验及正交试验,确定最佳运行模式为厌氧80 min—曝气4 h—缺氧1 h—沉淀0.5 h,该运行模式下CODCr、NH3-N及TP的去除率分别为90.12%5、5.16%、92.45%,较原来传统SBR运行模式得到很大改善。     

采用两级SBR工艺优化除磷脱氮

在充分分析单级SBR工艺在生物除磷脱氮过程中存在的不足的基础上 ,提出了两种两级SBR串联运行的除磷脱氮工艺模式。通过合理控制操作过程 ,该工艺可望从根本上解决单级生物除磷脱氮系统中的泥龄问题、厌氧区的硝酸盐问题、有机物对硝化作用的抑制问题和好氧时间长能耗较高的问题等 ,从而可大大提高系统除磷脱氮效果和稳定性。模式 1工艺适用于处理BOD/TP值较高的污水 ;模式 2工艺对进水BOD/TP值没有特殊的限制。     

曝气池生物脱氮的几种运行方式——介绍德国Hattingen污水处理厂

介绍了德国Hattingen污水处理厂的运行情况 ,着重叙述了曝气池生物脱氮的 5种运行方式 ,对该厂如何根据进水水质、水量及季节变化所采用相应的运行方式进行讨论。     

两级SBR生物除磷脱氮工艺效果实验研究

利用SBR的工艺特点,通过合理控制泥龄,将聚磷菌与硝化茵分别控制在2个SBR反应器中优势生长,以解决聚磷菌与硝化茵等混合生长系统在除磷和脱氮过程中的矛盾.实验证明两级SBR工艺系统生物除磷脱氮是可行的.     

味精废水的SBR处理研究

介绍了SBR工艺处理味精废水的试验研究，着重探讨了曝气时间、脱氮等运行控制参数对处理系统的影响，揭示了SBR工艺处理味精废水的某些特性。     

低碳氮比条件下生物脱氮成本控制方法分析应用

针对低碳氮比条件下城市污水处理厂碳源不足、生物脱氮成本费用较高的问题,以山东某城市污水处理厂为例,用某企业生产过程中产生的乙酸、乙酸钠及乙酸乙酯等短分子链类复合有机液替代葡萄糖作为碳源,并对其脱氮效果进行试验论证;分析缺氧池末端NO^-₃-N与TN的相关关系,以大量数据为基础,建立缺氧池出口处NO^-₃-N与TN控制比值。采取以上控制方法后,污水处理厂节省脱氮成本48%,污泥日均产量降低46%,取得了良好的经济效益。     

半固定生物膜载体耦合改良SBR工艺深度脱氮效能及机理研究

传统SBR反应器TN去除效果较差,研究采用半固定生物膜载体模块、污泥回流系统和快速进出水系统优化传统SBR工艺,并开展中试试验探讨工艺深度脱氮的效果和机理。结果表明半固定生物膜载体耦合改良SBR工艺在低进水负荷情况下对COD、NH₃-N、TN和TP的去除率分别为87.19%、98.24%、63.42%和87.06%,高进水负荷情况下去除率分别为94.34%、98.47%、73.47%和73.73%。通过16S rRNA基因序列和PICRUSt2技术分析,悬浮污泥和生物膜载体的微生物群落存在显著差异。在低进水负荷情况下,悬浮污泥主要负责反硝化,生物膜载体主要负责氨氧化,TN主要通过硝化-反硝化去除。在高进水负荷情况下,悬浮污泥中硝酸盐还原酶的作用逐渐减弱,生物膜载体中厌氧氨氧化和氮的同化作用成为主导,TN主要通过同化作用去除。     

恒液位SBR工艺处理城市污水的研究

采用恒液位SBR工艺对城市污水处理进行实验研究。研究影响恒液位SBR工艺脱氮除磷效果的缺氧-好氧循环、沉淀时间、进水流量等因素。结果表明:在最佳工况下处理城市污水时,COD、TN、TP和NH3-N去除率分别为88.21%~91.04%、68.04%~70.45%、95.26%~96.11%和89.76%~91.17%,说明采用恒液位SBR工艺处理城市污水是可行的。     

废水生物脱氮工艺综述

近年我国城市给排水事业的发展,越来越重视废水以及中水的回用,文中对于一种常规的废水处理工艺,生物脱氮工艺和近些年来新近应用的生物脱氮工艺进行了评述,总结了其应用的状况以及生物脱氮工艺的特点。     

序批式气提循环反应器处理污水的试验研究

介绍了一种新型的污水处理工艺———序批式气提循环反应器。其结合了气提式循环反应器和序批式活性污泥法 (SBR)的特点 ,使气提式循环反应器的工艺过程呈序批式进行 ,解决了气提式循环反应器载体流失和污泥回流等问题 ,并具有SBR的各种优点。试验结果表明 :序批式气提循环反应器具有很好的去除有机物、氨氮和悬浮固体的能力。     

新型生物脱氮工艺的研究进展

氨氮废水是引起水体富营养化的主要因素。综述了传统生物脱氮的一般原理。介绍了生物脱氮领域最近开发的几种新工艺：SHARON、ANAMMOX、SHARON—ANAMMOX联合工艺、同时硝化一反硝化．为高效生物脱氮技术提供了新的理论和思路。     

几种滗水器形式及运行机理

在多种形式的SBR处理系统及其改良工艺中 ,处理水排出过程共同特点是集中滗水、变水位及大流量 ,同时需要滗水器能始终撇出上层液体并有效地避免污泥流失。能否顺利排水对反应器的最终处理效果影响很大 ,滗水器的稳定有效也成为SBR系统设计的关键之一。介绍了多种滗水器 ,并对常用的旋转式、套筒式及虹吸式滗水器作了详细论述 ,结合工程实例对各种滗水器的优缺点做了探讨。     

好氧反硝化生物脱氮研究进展

好氧反硝化新型生物脱氮理论的诞生,克服了传统生物脱氮工艺存在的不足,简化了流程,节省了投资和运行费用,提高了脱氮效率.初步探讨了好氧反硝化机理,从不同角度做了理论分析;阐述了有关好氧反硝化脱氮的研究进展;并对好氧反硝化应用前景做了展望,提出了好氧反硝化今后的研究方向重点应放在对好氧反硝化菌的筛选和驯化上,对于好氧反硝化的发生条件、反应中间产物及其反应机理等方面需要进行深入研究.     

Intelligent monitoring system for long-term control of Sequencing Batch Reactors.

This paper discusses the application of artificial intelligence (AI) concepts to the monitoring of a lab-scale Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) treating nitrogen-rich wastewater (sanitary landfill leachate). The paper describes the implementation of a fuzzy inferential system to identify the correct switching sequence of the process and discusses the results obtained with six months of uninterrupted operation, during which the process conditions varied widely. The monitoring system proved capable of adjusting the process operation, in terms of phase length and external COD addition, to the varying environmental and loading conditions, with a percentage of correct phase recognition in excess of 95%. In addition, the monitoring system could be remotely operated through the internet via TCP/IP protocol.     

Effects of silver nanoparticles on biological nitrogen removal processes

The effects of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) on activated sludge in a biological nitrogen removal (BNR) process were investigated under aerobic and anoxic conditions. We show that nitrification was more vulnerable to Ag NPs exposure than denitrification at the same Ag NPs concentration. In continuous operation of the BNR process, a higher inhibitory effect on nitrification was attributed to a smaller size of Ag NPs. About 70-90% of the Ag NPs supplied were embedded in the sludge matrix but 10-30% of the Ag NPs remained in the supernatant. This indicates that significant amounts of Ag NPs could be discharged from wastewater treatment plants and potentially impact on aquatic ecosystems.     

BICT biological process for nitrogen and phosphorus removal.

An updated biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process--BICT (Bi-Cyclic Two-Phase) biological process--is proposed and investigated. It is aimed to provide a process configuration and operation mode that has facility and good potential for optimizing operation conditions, especially for enhancing the stability and reliability of the biological nutrient removal process. The proposed system consists of an attached-growth reactor for growing autotrophic nitrifying bacteria, a set of suspended-growth sequencing batch reactors for growing heterotrophic organisms, an anaerobic biological selector and a clarifier. In this paper, the fundamental concept and operation principles of BICT process are described, and the overall performances, major operation parameters and the factors influencing COD, nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the process are also discussed based on the results of extensive laboratory experiments. According to the experimental results with municipal sewage and synthetic wastewater, the process has strong and stable capability for COD removal. Under well controlled conditions, the removal rate of TN can reach over 80% and TP over 90% respectively, and the effluent concentrations of TN and TP can be controlled below 15 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L respectively for municipal wastewater. The improved phosphorus removal has been reached at short SRT, and the recycling flow rate of supernatant between the main reactors and attached-growth reactor is one of the key factors controlling the effect of nitrogen removal.     

复合式曝气生物滤池脱氮效果影响因素研究

以某城市污水处理厂二级出水为原水,通过中试研究了复合式曝气生物滤池(CBAF)用于再生水回用的脱氮效果的主要影响因素,包括碳源投加量、气水比和水力负荷。试验结果表明,当碳源投加量为15～25mgCODCr/L,气水比为2:1,水力负荷为10m3/(m2.h)时,CBAF运行工况最优,脱氮性能稳定良好。当进水氨氮浓度为1.0～17.4mg/L,总氮浓度为7～23mg/L时,出水氨氮浓度始终低于2mg/L,总氮浓度低于15mg/L,出水水质满足《城市污水再生利用景观环境用水水质》(GB/T18921—2002)的相关要求。     

Achieving biological nitrogen removal via nitrite by salt inhibition.

The principal aim of this paper is to develop and evaluate an approach to obtain nitrogen removal bypassing nitrate. The method is based on the addition of sodium chloride (NaCI), selective inhibitor of nitrite oxidizers, to influent. Validation of the new method was conducted on laboratory-scale experiments applying the SBR activated sludge process to domestic wastewater with low C/N ratio. With the aerobic-anoxic sequence, three parallel SBRs achieving complete nitrification-denitrification are dosed by a certain concentration of NaCI to influent. The high nitrite accumulation, depending on the salinity in the influent and the application duration of salt, was obtained in SBRs treating saline wastewater. Optimum dosage and application duration of salt, which interact to determine the performance and stabilization of nitrite accumulation, were determined by experiment. In order to evaluate the method, the response of the biological treatment system to salt concentration was also explored. The repeatability of the method was further verified under various operational conditions. Microbial population tests supported the presumption that nitrite oxidizers are inhibited by salt addition and washed out of the system. The presented method is valuable to offer a solution to realize nitrogen removal via nitrite under normal conditions.     

Modelling of biological nitrogen removal during treatment of piggery wastewater.

During this study, a mathematical model simulating piggery wastewater treatment was developed, with the objective of process optimisation. To achieve this, the effect of temperature and free ammonia concentration on the nitrification rate were experimentally studied using respirometry. The maximum growth rates obtained were higher for ammonium-oxidising biomass than for nitrite-oxidising biomass for the temperatures above 20 degrees C; values at 35 degrees C were equal to 1.9 and 1.35 day(-1), respectively. No inhibition of nitrification was observed for free ammonia concentrations up to 50 mgN/L. Using these data with others experimental data obtained from a pilot-scale reactor to treat piggery wastewater, a model based on a modified version of the ASM1 was developed and calibrated. In order to model the nitrite accumulation observed, the ASM1 model was extended with a two-step nitrification and denitrification including nitrite as intermediate. Finally, the produced model called PiWaT1 demonstrated a good fit with the experimental data. In addition to the temperature, oxygen concentration was identified as an important factor influencing the nitrite accumulation during nitrification. Even if some improvements of the model are still necessary, this model can already be used for process improvement.