不同处理对糙米发芽后酚类含量及其抗氧化活性影响

为研究糙米发芽后不同处理方式对其中酚类物质及体外抗氧化活性的影响,在对同一稻谷品种的精米、糙米、发芽糙米3个样品中游离酚、结合酚及其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH）自由基清除能力、亚铁还原能力（ferric ion reducing antioxidant power,FRAP）和氧化自由基吸收能力（oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC）分析基础上,以常温25℃匀浆处理方式为对照分别考察热风干燥、真空干燥对样品中游离酚、结合酚及其DPPH自由基清除能力、FRAP和ORAC变化情况。结果表明,精米、糙米、发芽糙米中游离酚、结合酚及DPPH自由基清除能力、FRAP、ORAC均有显著性差异（P＜0.05）,其中经过热风干燥后的发芽糙米相较糙米的游离酚、结合酚增加了27.28、10.24 mg GAE/100 g DW,游离酚和结合酚的DPPH自由基清除能力、FRAP、ORAC也显著增加（P＜0.05）;而热风干燥、真空干燥组之间的游离酚、结合酚及其对应的DPPH自由基清除能力、FRAP、ORAC之间无显著性差异（P＞0.05）,但相较于常温25℃匀浆处理方式,热风干燥、真空干燥组中的游离酚、结合酚及其对应的DPPH 自由基清除能力、FRAP、ORAC 显著降低（P＜0.05）。     

不同品种李子多酚组成及抗氧化活性

为研究不同品种李子果皮、果肉多酚组成及抗氧化活性,以9个不同品种的李子(芙蓉李、巫山李、玫瑰李、红布李、黑布李、西梅李、脆红李、江安李、青李)为原料,提取游离酚和结合酚,测定其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力(oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC)值,并通过高效液相色谱分析其多酚组成。结果显示:9种李子果皮总酚含量范围为111.52~775.88 mg GAE/100 g;果肉总酚含量范围为120.65~301.91 mg GAE/100 g,其中红布李果皮、果肉总酚含量均最高,西梅李总酚含量均最低。在多酚组成上,游离酚含量显著高于结合酚,且多酚组分主要为酚酸(原儿茶酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸)。体外抗氧化结果显示:9种李子果皮、果肉多酚均具有一定的抗氧化活性,DPPH自由基清除IC50值范围为4.38~46.46μg/m L,ORAC值范围为0.24~210.50μmol TE/g,其中巫山李果肉游离酚对DPPH自由基的清除能力最强,红布李果皮游离酚ORAC值最高。     

鸭油的体外抗氧化活性分析

目的:评价鸭油体外抗脂质、蛋白质、DNA等生物大分子物质的氧化活性,为进一步研究其体内抗氧化能力提供依据。方法:测定鸭油对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical,DPPH)自由基的清除率、铁还原能力(ferric ion reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)、氧自由基吸收能力(oxygen radical absorbancecapacity,ORAC)、抑制β-胡萝卜素褪色能力、对牛血清白蛋白羰基含量的影响、DNA保护潜力。结果:鸭油清除DPPH自由基的半抑制质量浓度为(15.03±0.53)mg/mL;当鸭油质量浓度为35 mg/mL时,FRAP为(241.87±3.05)μmol/L,ORAC为(2.59±0.15)μmol TE/g,对β-胡萝卜素褪色的抑制率为(67.29±3.37)%。鸭油质量浓度较低时可保护牛血清白蛋白,但剂量为6 m L/g蛋白时,会导致牛血清白蛋白羰基含量增加(50.00±3.21)%。1 mg/mL的鸭油对DNA的保护率为(43.27±0.01)%。结论:鸭油在体外具有DPPH自由基清除能力、FRAP、ORAC,能抵制脂质、DNA的氧化应激。     

厚朴叶不同溶剂提取物抗氧化活性比较分析

采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除法,2,2-联氮基-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐[2,2/-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulonic acid),ABTS]自由基清除法以及铁离子还原能力(ferric reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)测定,评价厚朴叶7种不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性,并考察总酚含量与抗氧化活性的关系。结果表明,厚朴叶不同溶剂提取物具有良好的抗氧化活性,但抗氧化能力存在一定差异。其中正丁醇提取物的DPPH自由基清除率和ABTS自由基清除率最高,EC50值分别为40.67μg/m L和26.67μg/m L;乙醇提取物的铁离子还原能力最强,在浓度为0.1 mg/m L时,其FRAP值为24.54%;含量测定显示,乙醇提物中总酚含量最高,为174.14 mg/g;相关系数表明,总酚含量与抗氧化能力具有较好的相关性,提示乙醇可以作为厚朴叶抗氧化活性物质提取的优选溶剂。     

山茱萸的化学成分及其抗氧化活性

为明确药食两用山茱萸化学成分的抗氧化活性,本研究以山茱萸乙醇提取物为原料,对乙醇提取物大孔吸附树脂20%乙醇洗脱部位中抗氧化活性组分进行研究,采用大孔吸附树脂柱层析常压正相硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析、Flash闪式正反相硅胶柱层析、高压液相色谱等色谱方法对山茱萸乙醇提取物抗氧化活性部位进行系统的分离纯化,并结合核磁共振波谱数据、质谱数据与文献对比,从山茱萸乙醇提取物中共分离鉴定了5个化合物,分别为7-β-O-乙基莫诺苷(1)、7-α-O-乙基莫诺苷(2)、3-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸甲酯(3)、(7R, 9R, 10R)-3, 9-di-hidroxicalameneno(4)和吐叶醇(5);其中化合物3、4和5为首次从山茱萸中分离得到。同时采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)法和铁离子还原法(Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)对分离得到的单体化合物进行抗氧化活性筛选。在DPPH自由基清除试验和FRAP试验中,化合物1、2和3均显示一定的抗氧化能力,其中化合物3抗氧化活性最好。     

糙米体外消化过程中酚类物质含量及抗氧化活性

以糙米为对象,围绕其体外消化过程酚类物质及抗氧化活性变化开展研究。结果表明：粳型糙米中总酚含量显著高于籼型糙米（约1.5?倍）。胃和小肠消化显著促进粳型和籼型糙米中酚类物质释放（P＜0.05）,其释放量（以没食子酸当量计）最高值为460.9?mg/100?g和401.1?mg/100?g,粳型糙米中酚类物质释放量显著高于籼型糙米;两者酚类物质释放量随消化时间变化趋势均符合幂函数模型。铁离子还原/抗氧化能力（ferric-reducing antioxidant power,FRAP）和氧自由基清除能力（oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC）实验表明糙米体外消化过程中释放的酚类物质具有良好抗氧化能力,粳型和籼型糙米消化液FRAP值（以Trolox当量计）最大为10.76、8.44?μmol/g,ORAC值（以Trolox当量计）最大为6.82?μmol/g和6.23?μmol/g。     

二氧化硫抗氧化能力及其在干果中的含量分析

在前期干果品质分析时,发现部分干果的抗氧化能力异常,推测可能与二氧化硫有关。因此,该文采用了二苯代苦味酰基自由基(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)、2,2-联氮-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐自由基[2,2-diamine-(3-ethyl benzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid)diammonate,ABTS]、铁离子还原能力(ferric reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)和氧自由基清除能力(oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC)4种方法分析二氧化硫的抗氧化能力,同时测定8种新疆常见干果的二氧化硫含量。试验结果:在试验浓度范围内,二氧化硫具有一定抗氧化能力,1 mg二氧化硫相当于1μmol～2μmol 6-羟基-2,5,7,8-四甲基色烷-2-羧酸(6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid,Trolox)的抗氧化能力。此外,二氧化硫浓度与抗氧化能力呈线性相关,其中ORAC法的抗氧化能力最好(R^2=0.998 4);在8种干果中,黄提、枸杞、吊干杏、大无花果和小无花果中检出二氧化硫,其中,黄提(1.45 g/kg DW)和枸杞(0.18 g/kg)二氧化硫超过国家限量标准。这说明二氧化硫可能是导致部分干果抗氧化能力异常高的主要原因,因此在样品分析时,应考虑二氧化硫对样品指标的影响。     

不同产地尖顶羊肚菌多酚组成及抗氧化活性研究

为研究不同产地羊肚菌多酚的抗氧化活性及组成,以3 种不同产地（云南、西藏、新疆）尖顶羊肚菌为原料,提取羊肚菌游离酚和结合酚,测定其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH）自由基清除能力、还原力、2,2’-联苯-二（3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸）二铵盐（2,2’-azinobis-（3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate）,ABTS）自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力指数（oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC）值,并通过高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC）分析其组分。结果表明,3 种尖顶羊肚菌平均总酚含量为5.958 mg GAE/g,游离酚约为结合酚的25 倍;云南尖顶羊肚菌游离酚、结合酚含量最高（（6.157±0.192）、（0.250±0.018） mg GAE/g）,西藏尖顶羊肚菌游离酚、结合酚含量最低（（4.928±0.045）、（0.188±0.026） mg GAE/g）。3 种尖顶羊肚菌多酚组分主要为酚酸和黄酮,组成较一致,但含量差异显著。体外抗氧化结果表明：3 种尖顶羊肚菌多酚均具有一定的抗氧化活性,其中对DPPH自由基的清除能力最强;西藏尖顶羊肚菌多酚的DPPH自由基清除能力和还原力最强;新疆尖顶羊肚菌多酚的ABTS＋·清除能力最强,ORAC值也最高。     

酶解虾副产物制备抗氧化肽的研究

以虾副产物为原料,采用α-胰凝乳蛋白酶和嗜热菌蛋白酶进行酶解制备抗氧化肽。酶解液经透析、Sephadex G-15凝胶过滤层析、离子交换色谱和反向高效液相色谱分离,以1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除能力和铁离子还原能力(FRAP)为指标进行纯化,得到了高抗氧化活性组分F1。质谱分析结果表明组分F1中有三个肽,对这三个肽进行序列合成并测定其活性,发现十肽GCKVALIVVG的活性最高,其DPPH自由基清除能力按抗坏血酸当量计(AAE)为(16.10±0.02)μmol AAE/g pro,铁离子还原能力为(245.37±0.03)μmol AAE/g pro。本实验研究制备并分离纯化得到高活性的抗氧化肽,为虾副产物的生产应用提供了理论依据。     

三华李叶抗氧化活性物质的分离鉴定

对比研究了三华李果肉、果核及叶乙醇提取物的总酚、总黄酮含量及其抗氧化活性。三华李叶提取物总酚、总黄酮含量最高,分别为14.75 g没食子酸当量/100 g提取物和5.45 g儿茶素当量/100 g提取物,且三华李叶具有最强的DPPH自由基清除能力(IC50值为79.75μg/m L)及氧自由基吸收能力(ORAC值为6521.74μmol trolox equiv/g)。采用柱层析法,从三华李叶中分离得到三个黄酮类化合物,通过核磁共振法(NMR)及电喷雾质谱法(ESI-MS),鉴定为山柰酚-3,7-二-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷,山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷以及山柰酚-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷,三个化合物均为首次从三华李叶中分离得到。其中,山柰酚-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷具有最强的DPPH自由基清除能力(IC50为12.93μg/m L)及氧自由基吸收能力(ORAC,8.83μmol trolox equiv/μmol)。山柰酚-3,7-二-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷是三华李叶中含量最多的化合物。因此,三华李叶可作为有效的抗氧化剂用于保健食品。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press