对相交轴鼓形齿传动副加工问题的商讨

对相交轴鼓形齿传动副加工问题的商讨易传云，杨元山（华中理工大学武汉４３００７４）［１］文提出在保证加工出鼓形齿理论齿面上一条曲线作为参考曲线的条件下设计滚齿靠模，可使整个加工出的齿面与理论齿面非常拉近，误差很小且为齿根修缘。进而得出可采用常规滚齿工艺...     

普通滚齿机弧形齿轮加工的辅助装置设计与分析

弧形齿轮是鼓形齿联轴器的基础零件,弧形齿轮的加工一般需要在专用弧形滚齿机上才能完成。通过对弧形齿轮及普通滚齿机结构特点的分析,设计出了一种辅助普通滚齿机加工弧形齿轮的装置,从而实现了在普通滚齿机上加工弧形齿轮的可能。     

基于YW3180型滚齿机加工鼓形齿的靠模设计

基于鼓形齿的加工原理,利用已有的YW3180型滚齿机的仿形功能,通过对靠模的凸度半径、靠模高度和靠模宽度进行计算,设计了一种加工鼓形齿的靠模,以满足目前生产急需,并运用所设计的靠模进行了鼓形齿的加工及检测。试验结果表明,采用该靠模加工出的鼓形齿齿轮的公法线长在设计给定的公差范围内,滚切后的鼓形齿齿轮满足设计要求．实现了加工鼓形齿齿轮的功能。     

阶梯齿滚齿靠模的设计计算

在汽车齿轮生产中,有时会遇到在同一轮齿上齿厚要求不等的齿轮,如锥度齿、鼓形齿或阶梯齿等,在ZM440日野同步器齿壳中EQ—140变速器的两轴和四五档固定齿座上均有阶梯齿(见图1)。此类齿轮都可安装在带有仿形机构的滚齿机上加工。本文仅对阶梯齿的滚齿靠模设计作一介绍。     

GX—87齿轮加工数控装置

鼓形齿联轴器由于具有对安装误差的敏感性低,承载能力大、寿命长、平稳、可靠等优点,已逐步取代了直齿联轴器,获得了愈来愈广泛的应用。鼓形齿加工方法不外乎、机械仿形法、电机仿形法、液压仿形法、手工操作法等。这些传统的加工方法虽各有其优点,但都存在一些缺点。因此,我厂于1987年开始研究应用微型计算机闭环控制,在大型滚齿机上加工鼓形齿齿轮与实现齿向修形。并研制成GX-87齿轮加工数控装置。 GX-87是为在普通大型滚齿机上解决鼓形齿加工和进行齿向修形两个问题而设计的CNC数控装置。它采用微机控制、直流伺服驱动系统,用光栅尺测距形成全闭环系统,整个装置做成一个附件的形式,可不改变滚齿机原来结果,装在滚齿机上,实现鼓形齿加工和齿向修形的自动操作。     

直齿圆锥齿轮鼓形接触面的加工

直齿圆锥齿轮的齿面设计成鼓形接触面具有很多优点，但加工鼓形齿面需采用专门设备或特殊刀具．本文所述在Y236型直齿锥齿轮创齿机上，无须机床改装，不采用特殊刀具，而是根据理论计算来调整机床获得鼓形接触员的方法．一、鼓形接触面的理论基础这种产工方法的理论根据，就是改变假想平顶齿轮（即机床擂台）的分银角，可以使被加工齿轮的分雄角6增大一个角度■δ，即被加工齿轮的分推角等于δ＋△δ。机床摇台分锥角的改变，是由滚切传动比和工件的安装角（即工件根锥角δf）所决定的，该切比改变后会引起压力角的改变，单纯改变滚切交换…     

鼓形齿轮联轴器的啮合分析

1.鼓形齿面及滚齿加工原理鼓形齿面是指在齿长和齿高方向均是曲线的曲面。图1为一鼓形齿轮在三个不同截面上的形状,其中r_a为齿顶圆弧半径;r_f为齿根圆弧半径;R_o为原始位移半径,其值决定了鼓形齿的鼓起程度,实际中常用半径比ε=R_o/r表示R_o和r的关系。     

数控滚削鼓形齿轮时刀具坐标的确定

提出了在数控滚齿机上加工鼓形修形齿轮时，不需推导高次曲线方程就可以确定刀具中心位置坐标的计算方法，并在国家“八五”科技攻关课题《齿轮加工机床CNC系统》中应用。     

在普通滚齿机上加工鼓形齿轮

我厂承接挖掘机行星减速器试制工作,其行星减速器的驱动轮为鼓形齿轮,请看图样如下: 由于我厂设备所限,我们采用一种简易的方法,将圆工作台作手动径向进刀或退刀,从而在普通滚齿机上加工出鼓形齿轮。我们采用Y31125E滚齿机,滚刀     

机电靠模加工鼓形齿轮

鼓形齿轮是矿冶设备中传动零件之一(见图1)。以前,在Y320滚齿机上加工m12的鼓形齿轮,需要八小时左右,由于采用手摇横向进刀,所以劳动强度大,而且精度差、易出废品。现在,我们将横向手动进给改为机械——电气复合靠模装置的自动进给,从而减轻了劳动强度、缩短了加工工时、提高了产品质量,加工光洁度达▽5,保证了设计要求。     

微小型齿轮的微细滚削加工研究

用自行设计的微小型硬质合金齿轮滚刀进行了模数为0.175mm的微小型齿轮滚削加工研究.首先设计了相应模数的微小型齿轮滚刀,并详细阐述该刀具的设计过程,包括刀具材料的选择、结构形式的设计、齿形设计和刀具局部强度的校核等.简述了该滚刀的制造加工工艺,在微小型数控滚齿机上进行了微小型齿轮的滚削加工试验研究.结果表明,采用范成...     

径向剃齿刀在机修磨法的理论分析及试验

对一种径向剃齿刀修形的新方法“剃齿刀在机修磨法”进行了啮合理论分析 ,推导出了修形时的啮合方程及修形后剃齿刀的齿面方程。试验证明 ,“剃齿刀在机修磨法”是一种实用的剃齿刀修形方法     

圆柱齿轮滚切多刃断续切削空间成形模型及应用

滚切加工作为当前圆柱齿轮制造应用最为广泛的工艺具有高效但成形过程复杂的特点。基于展成原理,由规则分布在滚刀基本蜗杆螺旋面上的一系列切削刃相继从圆柱齿坯上切除材料,最终包络形成渐开线齿面。研究其成形原理可以为提升该工艺性能提供有效指导。针对齿轮滚切工艺过程多刃切削成形特征,建立圆柱齿轮滚切的空间成形模型。基于滚刀几何结构参数的理论约束关系,建立滚刀切削刃序列的参数方程;根据滚刀和工件的几何参数以及切削参数确定滚切过程中滚刀与工件的空间位置和运动关系,并基于空间运动学方法推导求得滚刀刀刃序列形成的空间成形曲面参数模型;采用离散数值方法获得滚切过程中的切屑几何形态及切屑厚度,并根据切屑几何计算各刀刃去除材料时的瞬时主切削力。该模型可以为滚切工艺参数优化、滚刀几何设计等研究提供支撑。     

Pitch deviation measurement of an involute spur gear by a rotary profiling system

This paper presents surface-profiling based gear pitch deviation measurement for an involute spur gear. A rotary profiling system, which consists of an air-bearing spindle and a displacement sensor with a diamond stylus, is employed to measure gear pitch deviation. In measurement of gear pitch deviation, an eccentric error between a gear axis and a motion axis of the rotary stage in the profiling system would affect accuracy of gear profile measurement. In this paper, at first, the influence of the eccentric error on measurement of gear pitch deviation is estimated in computer simulation based on a geometric model of the profiling system. After that, a new scanning method named “opposite-direction dual scanning method” is proposed so that a steep profile of gear flank surface with a local slope of up to 90° can be measured by the developed rotary profiling system. For compensating distortions in the measured gear tooth profile, which are induced not only by the eccentric error but also by a probe offset introduced by the proposed scanning method, a self-calibration and compensation method is applied. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, measurement of gear pitch deviation of a master involute spur gear with a certificate data is carried out. Measurement uncertainty of the proposed method is also analyzed.     

Influence of tooth modifications on tooth contact in face-hobbed spiral bevel gears

In this study the influence of tooth modifications induced by machine tool setting and head-cutter profile variations on tooth contact characteristics in face-hobbed spiral bevel gears is investigated. The concept of face-hobbed spiral bevel gear generation by an imaginary generating crown gear is applied. The modifications of tooth surfaces are introduced into the teeth of both members. The lengthwise crowning of teeth is achieved by applying a slightly bigger radius of lengthwise tooth flank curvature of the crown gear generating the concave side of pinion/gear tooth-surfaces, and by the variation of machine tool settings in the generation of pinion/gear teeth. The ease-off in the tooth height direction of meshing tooth surfaces is achieved by applying a head-cutter whose profile consists of two circular arcs, instead of a straight-line. The method of tooth contact analysis applied determines the path of contact, the potential contact lines, the separations along these lines, and the transmission errors. A computer program implements the method. By using this program the influence of the variation of machine tool settings and of head-cutter geometry on tooth contact is investigated and discussed.     

径向剃齿刀在机修磨原理解析计算

径向剃齿是一种高效的齿轮精加工方法,但径向剃齿刀的修磨比较困难。径向剃齿刀在机修磨法是一种新的修形方法,其原理为:用一个与所剃齿轮几何参数完全一致,制造精度较高,齿面镀有金刚石磨粒层的修磨轮,装在径向剃齿机上,取代工序加工中的工件齿轮,与径向剃齿刀啮合,达到修形的目的。运用啮合理论,建立了剃齿刀修形解析模型,推导出了修形时的啮合方程及修形后剃齿刀的齿面方程,并进行了实例分析和计算机运算。试验证明,剃齿刀在机修磨法是一种实用的剃齿刀修形方法。     

双胀套夹具在滚齿加工上的应用

里程表主动齿轮为典型的薄壁类零件,该零件对齿轮的齿形齿向要求较高,采用芯轴定位,端面压紧的方法滚齿,该方法对工件的同轴度要求较高.针对这样的问题,设计了一种双胀套滚齿夹具,在不用提高零件的加工精度的情况下,提高了滚齿加工的精度,同时又满足生产节拍的要求.     

齿轮齿向位置偏差的双面啮合综合检测

简要介绍了国外开发的新型齿轮双啮仪的结构特点,分析了影响齿向位置偏差的工艺因素,初步探讨了齿轮齿向位置误差的双面啮合综合测量原理。带二维测量机构的新型双啮仪可从齿轮双面啮合滚动检测中获取更多的齿轮精度及加工工艺系统信息,在汽车、摩托车齿轮制造业具有广阔的应用前景。     

Precision compensation method for tooth flank measurement error of hypoid gear

When measuring the tooth flank of hypoid gear, the measurement datum surface (the large end surface of the gear) does not always coincide with the design bases (the theoretical mounting distance), and this non-coincidence error would affect the tooth flank measurement results. Based on the measurement theory of the hypoid gear tooth flank, a precision matching method of the theoretical tooth surface and the measured tooth surface is designed, the objective function of the tooth flank matching method is established, and the search iterative method was used to calculate the compensation value of the measurement error of the tooth flank, when the two gear tooth surface is most accurately matched. As the mounting distance of the hypoid gear changes, two experiments are done to verify the proposed method. The experiment results show that, for different tooth flank of the measured gear, the measuring error of the tooth flank along Z-axis dropped significantly after compensated by this method, more than 80% of the error along Z-axis are compensated. It is obvious that this method could improve the measurement accuracy of the tooth flank form of hypoid gear.     

标准插齿刀与修正插齿刀精度分析

讨论了标准插齿刀和修正插齿刀的结构特征及对加工质量的影响;推导了精确齿侧面的理论方程和啮合方程,以及插齿刀二阶母面的数学描述,分析了插齿刀修正齿侧面的形成方法.对两种进给方法铲磨插齿刀的精度进行比较,得出了应用齿侧面修正可以制造出具有合理刃磨角度的高精度插齿刀,而且只需要对齿侧面精磨工序加以改变,采用传统的工艺及设备即可制造出来.