复合催化剂合成香料乙酸异戊酯的研究

探讨了以六水合氯化铝--水合硫酸氢钠为复合催化剂，冰醋酸、异戊醇为原料合成乙酸异戊酯的绿色合成工艺条件，着重考察各因素对合成产率的影响。通过四因素三水平的正交试验优化并确定了最佳反应条件为：反应物料的投料摩尔比n（冰醋酸）：n（异戊醇）=1：1．2，催化剂为A1C13·6H20＋NaHSO4·HzO催化剂；复合催化剂配料摩尔比为n（AlCl3·6HzO）：n（NaHsO4·H2O）=1：1．5，催化剂用量2．0%（催化剂占反应物料的质量分数），带水剂用量20％，反应温度115±5℃，反应时间为90min，得到产率达98．4％。     

绿色表面活性剂烷基多苷的合成研究

以葡萄糖、十二醇为原料，采用直接法合成了十二烷基多苷，研究了反应温度、压力、糖醇量比、催化剂用量等因素对产品得率的影响，获得了最佳的合成工艺为：反应温度115℃，压力392Pa，醇糖量比6：1，催化剂用量为1％（对葡萄糖质量）．     

甘油聚氧乙烯醚油酸酯的合成及应用

研究了甘油聚氧乙烯醚（EO=25）与油酸进行酯化反应的工艺条件，探讨了反应物的量比、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂等因素对产品性能的影响，甘油聚氧乙烯醚油酸酯的优化合成工艺为：n（甘油聚氧乙烯醚）：n（油酸）=1：2，120℃反应4h，催化剂用量为0．5％．测试了产品的移染性，结果表明：甘油聚氧乙烯醚油酸酯具有较好的移染性，可以作为涤纶高温匀染剂的主要成分．     

催化氧化制备氧化淀粉

研究了以Cu^2＋为催化剂、双氧水为氧化剂，玉米淀粉经氧化处理后羧基含量和粘度的变化，考察了催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度和反应pH值对结果的影响。实验结果表明：选用Cu^2＋作催化剂，最适合反应条件为催化剂用量0．02％（淀粉干重）、反应温度45℃、反应时间4．0h、反应pH7．0。在此催化条件下，双氧水用量20mL，可制得羧基含量为1．21％的氧化淀粉。     

羧甲基淀粉的合成及印花性能研究

以玉米淀粉和氯乙酸为原料合成羧甲基淀粉，研究了物料配比、水、碱用量等因素对羧甲基淀粉取代度的影响，确立了合成的最佳条件：量比n（淀粉）：n（氯乙酸）：n（NaOH）：n（水）=1：2：5：16，碱化1h、35℃，羧甲基化4h、70℃．其印花性能与海藻酸钠相近．     

两步法试制生物柴油的研究

采用硫酸作催化剂，利用高酸值油脂与甲醇进行预酯化反应；再用氢氧化钠作催化剂，进行酯交换反应。结果表明：预酯化的反应条件为：醇油摩尔比8：1、催化剂用量0．25％、反应时间1h，游离脂肪酸的转化率达到97．2％；酯交换的反应条件为：醇油摩尔比6：1、催化剂用量0．5％、反应时间0．5h，生物柴油的收率可达98％。     

微波辐射下合成香料水杨酸苄酯的研究

在微波辐射下，以水杨酸和氯化苄为原料，NaHCO3作碱剂，四丁基氯化氨（TBAC）为相转移催化剂，碘化钾为催化剂合成了水杨酸苄酯。研究了水杨酸、NaHCO3、氯化苄和TBAC的摩尔比，碱浓度、微波功率、辐射时间等对产物收率的影响。实验结果表明：n（水杨酸）：n（NaHC03）：n（氯化苄）：n（TBAC）：n（KI）=1：1．2：1．0：0．05：0．06，碱浓度为20％，微波功率为320W，辐射时间为4min，水杨酸苄酯的收率可达83．6％。     

离子液体[Hmim]HSO4催化菜籽油制备生物柴油

以菜籽油为原料,离子液体[Hmim]HSO4为催化剂通过酯交换制备生物柴油。通过正交实验考察了催化剂用量、醇油摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间4个因素对反应的影响,并且考察了离子液体[Hmim]HSO4的酸性和稳定性。通过正交分析得出了最佳反应条件：n（甲醇）：n（菜籽油）：n（离子液体）=8：1：0．08,反应时间5h,反应温度150℃。在此条件下生物柴油转化率高达95％。实验结果表明,[Hmim]HSO4具有较强的酸性,稳定性好,可循环使用。且产品质量达到美国生物柴油标准ASTM PS121-99的相关指标。     

高效防霉剂富马酸单甲酯的合成与抑菌活性研究

以TiSiW12O40/TiO2为催化剂，用富马酸与甲醇直接酯化合成了防霉剂富马酸单甲酯（MMF），通过正交试验确定了醇酸物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对反应产率的影响。得到最佳工艺条件为：n（富马酸）：n（甲醇）=1、0：1、0，催化剂用量为w（TiSiW12O40/TiO2）=2％（占富马酸的质量分数），反应温度为60℃，反应时间为3h，MMF的产率可达91．6％。抑菌活性试验和防腐保鲜试验结果表明，MMF对多种霉菌具有良好的抑制作用，尤其对黄曲霉菌、黑根霉菌和棒柬青霉菌的抑制作用更好，MMF的防霉和防腐保鲜效果优于DMF、丙酸钙。     

淀粉聚乙二醇葡糖苷的合成

用玉米淀粉与聚乙二醇在酸催化下反应合成了聚乙二醇葡糖苷,考察了反应温度、醇糖摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间和反应压力等因素对反应的影响,结果表明在较合适的工艺条件下,6.6 kPa,130℃,120 m in,n(催化剂)n∶(糖元)n∶(聚乙二醇)=0.03∶1∶1,淀粉转化率可达95%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press