Parallel interference cancellation employing RAKE receiver with selection diversity for multiuser asynchronous DS/CDMA detectors in multipath Rayleigh fading channels

In this paper, we propose and analyse parallel CCI multistage cancellation by combining RAKE and selection diversity. In order to account for channel variations, adaptive implementation of decision thresholds at the RAKE output is suggested. It is shown to provide significant improvement over either hard or soft decision techniques especially in the near‐far situation. Investigation of the system robustness to imperfect channel parameter estimation is also presented. The communication channel is modelled as slowly varying Rayleigh fading discrete multipath channel. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种新的应用于多载波码分多址系统的干扰对消算法

本文提出了一种适用于多载波直扩码分多址系统(MC-DS-CDMA)上行信道的低复杂度部分并行干扰对消(LC-PPIC)算法.该算法充分利用MC-DS-CDMA系统的信道估计与子载波分集,在各个子载波上将用户分为可靠,普通和无效三类,对可靠用户进行干扰对消处理并消去后,再对普通用户进行相同操作,并放弃无效用户,最后将各个子载波上的结果通过最大比合并(MRC)输出.这样,在降低运算复杂度的同时,更好地抑制了多址干扰(MAI).通过仿真比较,可以看出LC-PPIC算法的误码率(BER)性能明显优于置于载波合并前后的两种部分并行干扰对消(PPIC)算法,特别是在系统负载较重和信噪比较高的情况下,这种优势十分显著.     

多无人机扩频测控链路的扩频码分析

在码分多址（CDMA）的多无人机扩频测控链路中,多址干扰（MAI）是多目标系统需考虑的重要因素。在此类系统中,针对抗多址干扰的要求,设计具有相应互相关性能的扩频码是首要任务。从多无人机对抗多址能力的需求入手,分析了码速率、用户个数以及码的互相关性能对抗多址干扰能力的影响,得出了Kasami码型互相关性较好、序列部分相关会降低互相关性能的结论。仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性。     

Reference Symbol Assisted Multi-Stage Successive Interference Cancellation for CDMA Wireless Communication: Robustness to Parameter Imperfections with Biphase and Quadriphase spreading

This paper investigates the sensitivity to system imperfections of a reference symbol assisted multi-stage successive interference cancelling (RAMSIC) receiver. Reverse link of a CDMA system with binary antipodal modulation and coherent detection is considered. Performance of systems using either biphase and quadriphase spreading is compared under different operating conditions. Analysis of a conventional matched filter receiver operating on an AWGN channel reveals that when the number of users is small (such that the multiple access interference cannot be accurately modelled as Gaussian), quadriphase spreading has a significant advantage over biphase spreading. This advantage, however, disappears when the number of users per sector is large (of the order necessary for the multiple access interference to be considered Gaussian). Results for the RAMSIC receiver with quadriphase spreading, on the other hand, show that for hexagonal cell geometry with path loss exponent of 4 and without any forward error correction coding, the traffic capacity is between 1.17 and 1.67 times that of the IS-95. These numbers represent a significant increase over those obtained with biphase spreading. Further investigation with nonidealized cell geometries and other path loss exponents also shows substantial capacity improvement over that of conventional correlator receivers. Performance losses due to nonideal transmitter power amplifier gating, imperfect power control and synchronization errors in the RAKE receiver are also determined. The results for biphase spreading show that for path loss exponent of 4, imperfect amplifier gating causes relatively minor decrease in the traffic capacity, while no such effect is observed for path loss exponents of 2 and 3. As expected, relaxing of power control for both biphase and quadriphase spreading has a similar capacity reducing effect. In spite of these two effects the resultant capacity is still significantly higher than that with the conventional matched filter receiver. Capacity increase with quadriphase over biphase spreading is between 1.4 and 2.0 times. Chip synchronization errors of the order to be expected in a properly designed conventional CDMA system have only minimal effect on performance. Therefore, we conclude that conventional synchronization algorithms should perform adequately with successive interference cancelling receivers considered in the paper.     

上行空时分组编码多载波码分多址系统的逐级干扰对消接收机算法

针对空时分组编码多载波码分多址系统的上行物理链路,提出了基于QR分解和基于最小均方误差的逐级干扰对消接收机算法。经算法处理后的数据矩阵保持了空时分组编码的正交结构,从而可以通过简单的线性处理实现空时分组编码的次优译码。与传统的置零接收机算法相比,此算法不会对接收机端的白噪声产生放大作用。计算机仿真结果表明,在独立衰落信道或相关衰落信道下,此算法均优于置零接收机算法。在误码率为10-6水平下,此算法比传统算法的信噪比改善约4dB。     

一种基于组信息的并行干涉消除技术研究

为了克服多址干扰（MAD对光码分多址（OCDMA）通信系统性能的影响,针对提出的二维地址码MPC／OOC,研究了一种基于组信息的并行干扰消除（PIC）技术。考虑MA1、背景光（APD）噪声、热噪声和接收机噪声,详细分析了采用该PIC技术的OCDMA通信系统的性能。结果表明,基于组信息的PIC技术,可以有效地消除采用MPC／OOC作为地址码的OCDMA通信系统的MAI,提高该系统的系统容量和误码率性能。     

一种NOMA系统中的反馈深度神经网络检测算法

在上行非正交多址(Non-orthogonal Multiple Access, NOMA)系统中,针对传统基于串行干扰消除(Successive Interference Cancellation, SIC)检测存在同个时频块内用户间干扰的问题,提出了一种新型的NOMA检测算法。通过将SIC检测的反馈消除结构和深度神经网络结合起来,设计出了一种新型的反馈深度神经网络(Feedback Deep Neural Network, FDNN)结构。FDNN模型分为两个模块,检测模块通过深度神经网络实现非线性检测,反馈模块通过权重矩阵重构信号并消除用户干扰。通过重复检测和反馈过程,FDNN依次检测出各个用户的符号,并达到了良好的性能。仿真结果表明FDNN检测算法相较于SIC检测具有更低的误符号率和误比特率,并验证了其具有更良好的抗用户间干扰的性能。     

Fast Converging Adaptive MMSE Multiuser Detector for DS-CDMA System

A fast converging adaptive minimum-mean-squared-error (MMSE) multiuser detector is proposed for direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems with severe near-far problem where the convergence rate of adaptive MMSE detectors for distinct users can be very different. It is shown that by successively cancelling the interference signals of strong power users, the convergence rate of the proposed detectors for weak power users can be significantly increased, which helps to reduce the length of training sequence for tracking. It is also shown that the order of cancellation and several important parameters required for interference cancellation can be determined from the convergence behavior of the proposed detector. Numerical results are presented to show that the proposed detector offers improved performance in various DS-CDMA environments.Zhiwei Mao received the B.Sc. degrees from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing, China in 1996 and 1999, respectively. Since 2000, she had been a Research Assistant and graduate student in the Department of Electrical and Coumputer Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. She received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering in 2003. Currently, she is an Assistant Professor at Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.Her research interests include wireless communications, multiuser detection, digital communications and digital singal processing.Vijay K. Bhargava received the B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degree from Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada in 1970, 1972 and 1974 respectively.Currently, he is a Professor and Head of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Previously he was with the Univeristy of Victoria (1984–2003) and with Concordia University in Montréal (1976–1984). He is a co-author of the book Digital Communications by Satellite (New York: Wiley, 1981), co-editor of Reed-Solomon Codes and Their Applications (New York: IEEE, 1994) and co-editor of Communications, Information and Network Security (Boston: Kluwer, 2002). His research interest are in wireless communications.Dr. Bhargava is a Fellow of the B.C. Advanced Systems Institute, Engineering Institute of Canada (EIC), the IEEE, the Canadian Academy of Engineering and the Royal Society of Canada. He is a recipient of the IEEE Centennial Medal (1984), IEEE Canadas McNaughton Gold Medal (1995), the IEEE Haraden Pratt Award (1999), the IEEE Third Millennium Medal (2000), IEEE Graduate Teaching Award (2002), and the Eadie Medal of the Royal Society of Canada (2004).Dr. Bhargava is very active in the IEEE and was nominated by the IEEE Board of Director for the Office of IEEE President-Elect. Currently he serves on the Board of Communications Society. He is an Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. He is a Past President of the IEEE Information Theory Society.     

基于纠错编码联合迭代的多址干扰消除方法

在链路资源受限条件下的扩频通信应用中,多址干扰成为限制系统多用户服务能力和通信质量的最主要因素。针对多址干扰问题,提出了一种基于纠错译码联合迭代的并行多址干扰消除方法,显著改善了在多址干扰恶劣条件下,传统并行干扰消除算法多址干扰抑制性能不佳的情况,解决了传统算法难以应用于异步扩频通信系统的问题。仿真实验结果表明相比经典的部分并行干扰消除(PPIC)算法可带来7 dB以上的解调性能增益,同等链路资源可以支持更多用户数量进行通信,有效提高了扩频通信系统多用户信息传输能力。     

Adaptive BLAST-type decision-feedback equalizers for DS-CDMA systems

In this paper, we propose two new adaptive equalization algorithms for direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems operating over time-varying and frequency selective channels. The equalization schemes consist of a number of serially connected stages and detect users in an ordered manner, applying a decision feedback equalizer (DFE) at each stage. Both the equalizer filters and the order in which the users are extracted are updated in a recursive least squares (RLS) manner, efficiently realized through time- and order-update recursions. V-BLAST detection ordering is implemented, that is, the stronger signal is extracted first so that the weaker users can be more easily detected. The spreading codes are unavailable at the receiver of the first scheme, whereas the second algorithm employs the RAKE receiver concept, incorporating knowledge of the spreading sequences to offer performance improvement. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the equalizers is evaluated via simulations, in both mild and severe near-far environments. Their superiority over existing techniques is demonstrated.     

基于时空混沌码分多址系统性能分析

将时空混沌序列应用于DS—CDMA系统，给出了系统同步模型，并对系统性能进行了分析。结果表明：用混沌序列作为地址码的CDMA系统，可以有效地抑制干扰的影响，并能提高系统的传输效率，对CDMA系统性能的改善起到重要作用。     

平衡检测接收的光码分多址系统实验研究

提出了一种基于新的编码方式的频谱编码光码分多址(CDMA)系统。系统采用m序列的反码作为地址码。利用可调谐光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)阵列,实验验证了利用平衡检测法可以消除多址干扰。讨论了该系统与采用原码序列做地址码系统误码率(BER)的差异。采用此种编码方式与采用原码做地址码的系统桕比,同等条件下．可以降低BER至少5dB：同时又可以减少光栅数目,节省系统成本。