An improved method of voltage utility factor for PWM control of a five‐leg inverter in two induction motor drives

This paper presents an improved method of voltage utility factor (VUF) from 50 to 86.6% for a five‐leg inverter when two induction motors are driven in vector control and in a condition where the frequencies of the two motors are not very different, and the improved method of voltage utility is theoretically shown. Many modulation methods for the five‐leg inverter have been proposed, but the voltage utility factor is 50% in these methods. The voltage utility factor of the five‐leg inverter is lower than that of the three‐leg inverter as maximum voltage utility factor of the three‐leg inverter is 100%. © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

感应电机空间矢量直接转矩控制的数字实现

给出一种感应电机空间矢量直接转矩控制(DTC)的数字实现方法,详细阐述了以TMS320F2812作为控制器核心的直接转矩变频调速系统的软、硬件设计方案.采用空间矢量脉宽调制( SVPWM)方式生成逆变器开关控制信号,有效减小了转矩和磁链的脉动,实现了感应电机的高性能控制.实验结果表明,该系统起动迅速,运行平稳,动、静态...     

基于间接矩阵变换器多机传动高性能调速系统的研究

介绍了基于间接矩阵变换器(IMC)的多机传动系统的拓扑结构和控制策略。提出了一种基于间接矩阵变换器的多电机矢量控制系统,该系统将间接矩阵变换器的优点与异步电机矢量控制的优点相结合,将异步电机的矢量控制直接施加于IMC的两个逆变级,而整流级采用空间矢量调制方法,不仅可以实现整流级双向开关的零电流换流,减少输出电流谐波,而且可以实现多台电机独立控制并得到较好地动静态性能。仿真结果验证了所提系统的有效性和可行性;在电机转速和转矩突变时,都能较快平稳跟踪且超调很小;为多机传动系统的进一步研究和软硬件设计提供了理论基础。     

A nine‐switch inverter for driving two AC motors independently

This paper presents a nine‐switch inverter that can drive two AC motors independently. Recently, as an inverter that can drive them independently, a five‐leg inverter has been proposed. Ten switching devices are used for the five‐leg inverter, whereas only nine are used for the nine‐switch inverter. So, the nine‐switch inverter has the merit that one switching device can be reduced compared to the five‐leg inverter. Moreover, the maximum output voltage of the nine‐switch inverter equals that of the five‐leg inverter. In this work, we propose the structure of the nine‐switch inverter and a modulation method for the same, and validate the nine‐switch inverter by showing simulation results. Copyright © 2007 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

计及逆变器电压输出限制的感应电机无差拍直接转矩控制

提出一种新的感应电机无差拍直接转矩控制方法。基于感应电机的离散化模型,在定子磁场定向坐标系中,以定子和转子磁链为状态变量,导出了空间矢量无差拍直接转矩控制的电压控制律。采用一种图形化的分析方法,直观地揭示了无差拍直接转矩控制电压矢量解的物理意义。研究了在电压源逆变器输出电压受限条件下,无差拍直接转矩控制的设计与实现问题。针对电机的不同运行工况要求,给出了3种可选的电压矢量解的实现方案。在理论分析的基础上,对控制算法进行了仿真和实验测试,结果表明调速系统的转矩和磁链动态响应快,控制性能优良。     

基于IMC多机传动系统的控制策略研究

针对传统交直交变换器多机传动系统中间直流环节存在大电感或大电容而使其体积大,笨重等的问题,采用了一种新颖的基于间接矩阵变换器IMC的多机传动系统电路拓扑。其结构紧凑,体积小,重量轻;整流级采用两段式PWM调制策略,可获得单位功率因数的正弦输入电流,多个逆变级均采用空间矢量调制,实现各个逆变级的独立控制,获得不同频率和幅值的正弦电压。在这种调制策略的基础上,分析了零矢量重叠PWM分布方式对输入输出性能的影响,它可以实现整流级电路的零电流换流,减少了逆变级的开关次数,极大地降低了开关损耗,提高了变换器的效率。仿真结果表明:采用零矢量重叠的调制策略可以减少输出电压电流的谐波含量,能够有效改善传动系统的动态和稳态性能。     

基于离散空间矢量调制的直接转矩控制系统的仿真研究

针对异步电动机直接转矩控制(DTC)系统存在转矩和磁链脉动等缺点,提出一种基于离散空间矢量调制(DSVM)的DTC系统。根据转矩、磁链误差和速度的不同,在高低速应用不同的开关表,达到改善异步电动机运行性能的目的。仿真结果表明,利用该方法可明显改善异步电动机的电磁转矩脉动。     

五桥臂双永磁同步电机系统双矢量模型预测电流控制

针对五桥臂双永磁同步电机(PMSM)系统单矢量模型预测电流控制(MPCC)稳态波动大的问题,提出一种优化的双矢量模型预测电流控制策略。利用无差拍的思想分别独立预测2台电机q轴电流准确跟踪参考值所需时间,筛选出在一个控制周期内能够准确跟踪q轴电流的基本有效矢量。依据公共桥臂开关状态必须一致的特性,选择合适的零矢量对符合条件的矢量进行组合,筛选出使系统性能达到最优的矢量组合作用于五桥臂逆变器驱动双电机,改善系统的运行性能。仿真结果验证了所提双矢量MPCC策略的正确性和有效性。     

A novel modulation technique with interleaved‐and‐shifted shoot‐through state placement for quasi‐Z‐source inverters

In this paper, a single‐phase quasi‐Z‐source (qZS) inverter (qZSI), integrating the pulse width modulation (PWM) control with interleaved‐and‐shifted shoot‐through state (STS) placement modulation technique, is proposed to simultaneously achieve both dc voltage boost and dc‐ac inversion. Instead of placing the STS in both inverter legs simultaneously, the addressed method inserts the STS only in left/right inverter leg separately during the positive/negative half cycle of the output voltage to reduce switching losses and thermal stresses of the power devices. The STS shift is also studied to decrease the switching numbers of power devices and thus can improve the efficiency further. Theoretical analysis and design guidelines of the studied inverter are included. Improvement in effectiveness and performance of the devised scheme and modulation strategy are proved experimentally and compared with the previous studies on a built laboratory prototype.     

Frequency domain analysis of beatless control method for converter‐inverter driving systems applied to AC electric cars

In inverter‐converter driving systems for AC electric cars, the DC input voltage of an inverter contains a ripple component with a frequency that is twice the line voltage frequency, due to the use of a single‐phase converter. The ripple component of the inverter input voltage causes pulsations in the torque and current of driving motors. To decrease the pulsations, a beatless control method, which modifies the slip frequency depending on the ripple component, is applied to the inverter control. In the present paper, the beatless control method is analyzed in the frequency domain. In the first step of the analysis, transfer functions which revealed the relationship among the ripple component of the inverter input voltage, the slip frequency, the motor torque pulsation, and the current pulsation were derived with a synchronous rotating model of induction motors. An analytical model of the beatless control method was then constructed using the transfer functions. The optimal setting of the control method was obtained according to the analytical model. The transfer functions and the analytical model were verified by simulations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 174(4): 51–57, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21050     

Variable-structure torque control of induction motors using space vector modulation

Compared with field orient control (FOC), direct torque control (DTC) is known to provide fast and robust response for induction motors. However, while offering high dynamic performance, classical DTC produces notable torque, flux, and current ripples, and operates with a variable inverter switching frequency. In this paper, a novel torque control scheme for induction motors is proposed. The stator flux and the electrical torque are directly controlled by variable-structure controllers, and stator voltage vectors calculated by the variable-structure controllers are applied to the motor by means of space vector modulation. The proposed scheme therefore provides smooth, fast and robust regulations of the electrical torque and the stator flux. Moreover, the implementation of the scheme is simple. Theoretical analysis shows the asymptotical convergence of electrical torque and stator flux tracking. Simulation and experimental results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme.     

采用SVM控制的四桥臂三相逆变器

文章介绍了四桥臂三相逆变器的结构，其三相负载可以是平衡的或不平衡的、线性的或非线性的。由于第4桥臂的加入，空间矢量调制控制变得非常复杂，而且不能处理未知负载。分析了三相逆变器的中点电压这个关键量，提出了1种新的SVM控制方案，该方案易于实现并能带未知负载。仿真结果证实了该方案的可行性。     

Dead‐time elimination SVPWM of six‐leg inverter

We present a six‐leg voltage source inverter (VSI) with a single DC link to feed a three‐phase inductive load. The space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) of the six‐leg inverter is studied in detail. The novel switching strategy in one sampling period for H bridge is proposed to avoid the 180° phase shift of the PWM signals for upper and lower side switches. Based on the novel switching strategy, a dead‐time elimination SVPWM is proposed, which can be easily implemented on a digital signal processor. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the validity and features of the proposed novel SVPWM. © 2015 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

A new high‐frequency voltage injection method for sensorless drive of permanent‐magnet synchronous motors with pole saliency

This paper proposes a new sensorless vector control method for salient‐pole permanent‐magnet synchronous motors. In regard to rotor phase estimation, the sensorless vector control method is characterized by a new high‐frequency voltage injection method distinguished from the conventional ones by a unique ellipse shape of the spatial rotation, and by a new PLL method whose input is a high‐frequency current autocorrelated signal. The new vector control method established by two innovative technologies can have the following high‐performance and attractive features: (1) it can allow 250% rated torque at standstill; (2) it can operate from zero to the rated speed under the rated motoring or regenerating load; (3) it accepts instant injection of the rated load even for zero‐speed control; (4) it accommodates a load with huge moment of inertia; (5) phase estimation is very robust against inverter dead time; (6) the computational load for estimating rotor phase is very small, would be the smallest among the methods with comparable performance. This paper presents the new vector control method by focusing on two innovative technologies from its principles to design rules. Usefulness of the new vector control method is verified through extensive experiments. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(4): 62–77, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20632     

双电机五桥臂逆变器模型预测同步控制

以五桥臂逆变器为控制对象,提出了一种基于模型预测控制策略的双永磁同步电机同步控制策略,与传统算法相比,新算法在价值函数中加入了转矩同步策略,保证了两电机输出功率的均衡,同时将交叉耦合控制思想引入到两电机五桥臂逆变器控制系统的速度外环控制器中,提高了两台电机在参数不匹配情况下的转速同步性能.仿真分析表明,相比传统控制策略,新算法能够在保持模型预测控制算法较高的转矩响应速度的前提下,有效的提高两电机系统转速、转矩的同步性能,具有一定的应用价值.     

变频器参数及调制方式对共模电压的影响

PWM变频器被广泛应用于在电机驱动系统中,但其输出电压中的共模电压会产生许多负面效应,因此确定影响共模电压的各种因素对提出有效的共模电压抑制策略有重要的意义。采用解析、仿真和实验验证的方法围绕变频器参数和调制方式对共模电压的影响展开研究,研究结果表明:变频器参数中直流母线电压利用率增大时共模电压减小;载波比变化时共模电压基本不变;死区时间增加时共模电压增大;不同调制方式SPWM和SVPWM在相同直流母线电压利用率下的共模电压大小相近。进一步讨论了在VVVF控制调速时直流母线利用率和载波比同时变化时共模电压的变化规律,实验表明低速时共模电压更大,应当重视电机低速时共模电压产生的危害。     

五桥臂逆变器-双异步电机调速系统的零矢量交错模型预测控制

五桥臂逆变器-双异步电机调速系统采用模型预测控制相比于传统的矢量控制具有更好的动态性能,易于实现系统的全局性能优化,但却存在稳态性能差、计算量大难以实现、无法消除公共桥臂开关动作需求限制等问题。对此,提出一种零矢量交错模型预测控制(ZVI-MPC)方法,将空间矢量的概念与矢量合成原理引入到模型预测中,在一个采样周期中对每台逆变器均作用两个电压矢量(一个非零矢量和一个零矢量),利用无差拍理论计算两逆变器的非零矢量作用时间,结合公共桥臂开关需求,调节各矢量作用时间并按照零矢量交错原则进行开关状态分布,以避免出现公共桥臂开关动作需求冲突。该方法在任意采样周期内只需考虑12种有效矢量组合,大大减少预测控制计算量。仿真和实验结果表明采用零矢量交错模型预测控制,两台电机可独立稳定运行,且均具有良好的动静态性能,相比于传统模型预测控制方法,本文所提方法稳态性能更理想,且计算量显著减小,易于实现。     

基于DTC-SVM的地铁并联牵引电机控制策略研究

在地铁同一转向架下单逆变器控制两并联异步电机的结构中,轮径差或电机参数不同等因素会导致电机间转矩差和转矩脉动较大。针对这一问题,建立了地铁同一转向架下双异步电机并联时速度耦合的负载模型,采用基于空间矢量调制(SVM)的直接转矩控制(DTC)策略,引入实时计算的加权系数,使DTC权重偏向于转矩较小的电机。该控制方案具有转矩波动更小、逆变器开关频率恒定和电机间的转矩差较小的特点。仿真结果表明,相对于平均DTC,所提出的加权DTC方法有效减小了电机转矩差和降低了转矩脉动。     

矩阵变换器驱动无刷直流电动机间接调制策略

将矩阵变换器用于驱动无刷直流电动机,实现对无刷直流电动机的交-交直接控制.基于矩阵变换器交-直-交等效模型,提出一种新的用于驱动无刷直流电动机的矩阵变换器间接调制策略.兼顾输入输出性能,分别对整流级和逆变级应用不同的PWM调制策略.整流级应用不合零矢量调制,逆变级采用120°PWM斩控调制方式.文中对所采用的调制策略进...     

五桥臂双永磁同步电机系统优化模型预测控制

五桥臂逆变器传统模型预测控制一个控制周期内由单矢量作用,降低了2台电机的运行性能。针对该问题,提出了优化模型预测控制策略。通过对2台电机有效电压矢量和零电压矢量的占空比进行整体优化分配,减小电机的转矩波动,提高2台电机的控制精度,进而在满足2台三相电机控制独立性的情况下,提升了电机系统的控制性能。仿真结果验证了所提优化模型预测控制的正确性和有效性。