人血高密度脂蛋白治疗冠心病的疗效观察

应用人血高密度脂蛋白治疗冠心病患者52例,按1974年及1979年全国冠心病普查和预防座谈会上制订的疗效判定标准,总有效率为100％。治疗后胸闷,气短,乏力症状消失,心慌有了明显改善。心绞痛消失或改善者为100％。心电图恢复或改善者为90.4％,而用硝酸酯和硝苯吡啶常规治疗的对照组,心绞痛和心电图改善者分别为66.6％和50％,HDL明显优于常规药物。应用HDL治疗后心功能和超声心动图有了变化,ICT/LVET和左室舒末内径明显缩小,心功能和超声心动图改善分别为76.92％和57.84％。血脂浓度降低显著,总胆固醇下降高达34.8～43.0％,甘油三酯下降17.0～21.4％。治疗52例,未见有任何副作用。     

应用U937细胞泡沫化模型检测人血高密度脂蛋白生物学功能

目的 准确检测人血高密度脂蛋白（HDL）的生物学功能。方法 采用U937细胞泡沫化模型，检测HDL逆向转运细胞内胆固醇（Ch）的生理功能。用 Brad Ford方法检测蛋白质（Pro）含量，Ch试剂盒检测细胞内 Ch含量，并比较不同剂量HDL转移出细胞内Ch的量。结果 在一定的HDL浓度范围内相关性好（r≥0．98），重复性高（CV=6．l％），回收率为91．8％－110．5％。结论 该方法能更直观地反映HDL转运胆固醇的功能。且具有使用人源细胞、操作简便和易于推广应用的特点。     

木蝴蝶总黄酮对小鼠实验性急性心肌梗死的保护作用

研究了木蝴蝶总黄酮对小鼠实验性心肌梗死的保护作用。通过开胸结扎左冠状动脉前降支(LAD)建立小鼠急性心肌梗死模型。观察木蝴蝶总黄酮对实验性心肌梗死的影响,并从生化学角度探讨其作用机制。结果表明:腹腔注射木蝴蝶总黄酮2 mg/g,4 mg/g和8 mg/g。对急性心肌梗死24 h的小鼠,可明显降低血清磷酸肌酸激酶(CPK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性及脂质过氧化物(LPO)的含量,提高超氧化物转化酶(SOD)活性;从而缩小急性心肌梗死的面积(MIS)。TFO能明显降低小鼠心肌耗氧量,保护缺氧心肌,延长小鼠存活时间具有一定的作用。     

当代实验性青花绘画的创新性思考与展望

当代实验性青花在经历了一段变化迅速的深度变革之后,表现出一种创新性强烈的观念与形式的蜕变。从当代艺术的整体视角来看,这种变革是基于当代文化语境中的广泛影响。本文针对当代实验性青花绘画的创新性思考与展望作合理性分析,同时提出一些建议性观点和思想。     

探析中国当代陶艺的实验性发展

面对传统资源与全球文化开放的现实,部分中国艺术家、陶艺家都在用自己的体验与艺术手段展现自己的艺术思考,使用陶瓷材料不断实践与试验着更多的可能性,也开辟了陶瓷艺术多方面的当代性。     

油茶籽油对大鼠降血脂和预防脂肪肝的影响

观察油茶籽油辅助降血脂和预防脂肪肝的作用。采用SD大鼠,预饲养几天后进行随机分六组,并以高脂饲料建立高脂模型。饲养结束后,观察大鼠体重的变化,测定大鼠血脂、AI及肝功能的各项指标。结果表明:油茶籽油能够显著降低大鼠血清总胆固醇TC、甘油三酯TG的水平(p0.05),对大鼠高密度脂蛋白胆固醇HDL-C水平无显著影响,可以得出油茶籽油具有辅助降血脂的作用。通过对不同组别大鼠的肝脏及AI值比较,得出油茶籽油还具有预防脂肪肝和动脉粥样硬化的作用。     

骨化三醇对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎的治疗作用及相关机制

目的探讨骨化三醇(Calcitriol)对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,EAE)的治疗作用及相关机制。方法用含200μg髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白35-55肽段(Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 33-35,MOG33-35)、250μg结核菌素的50μl弗氏不完全佐剂(IFA)皮内免疫C57BL/6小鼠,并分别于免疫当天和第2天注射百日咳毒素,建立EAE实验性动物模型(EAE组);骨化三醇组从免疫当天起隔日腹腔注射骨化三醇100 ng进行治疗,观察两组小鼠临床评分的差异;于EAE发病高峰期处死小鼠,取脊髓及淋巴结,通过HE及LFB染色观察脊髓中炎细胞浸润及髓鞘脱失;采用流式细胞术检测两组淋巴细胞CD4+T细胞亚型的分布。结果与EAE组比较,骨化三醇组发病延缓且发病较轻,临床评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001);骨化三醇组较EAE组小鼠脊髓白质炎性细胞浸润明显减少,脱髓鞘斑块明显减轻;骨化三醇组与EAE组相比,Th17细胞亚群明显受到抑制(P<0.05),而Th2和Treg细胞水平明显升高(P均<0.05)。结论骨化三醇可以延缓EAE发病,减轻临床症状及病理改变,并能够通过调节CD4+T细胞亚群平衡,即抑制Th17细胞,上调Th2和Treg细胞水平发挥对EAE的预防和治疗作用。     

动脉粥样硬化患者血尿酸水平变化的临床价值分析

目的探讨动脉粥样硬化患者血尿酸水平变化。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,分析我院收治的90例患者的临床资料,依据颈总动脉平均内膜(IMT)进行分组。结果内膜异常患者粥样斑块评分、血尿酸水平明显高于内膜正常患者,P<0.05;血尿酸水平与动脉粥样斑块评分明显正相关,P<0.05。结论血尿酸可以作为动脉粥样硬化的预警指标,值得临床及时检测。     

橙皮苷对载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的影响

目的研究橙皮苷对ApoE~(-/-)小鼠AS斑块形成的影响。方法 10周龄的雄性ApoE~(-/-)小鼠,分为对照组(ApoE~(-/-))和橙皮苷给药组(ApoE~(-/-)+HES-100mg/kg/d),每组10只,所有小鼠喂饲高脂饲料14周后收集各组织样本。采用酶学试剂盒检测各组的血脂(TC、TG、LDL-C);采用油红O染色观察各组全血管及主动脉根部的斑块面积及斑块分布;采用HE染色观察各组主动脉根部病理形态学变化。结果高脂饲料喂养ApoE~(-/-)小鼠14周后,两组之间体重无明显差异,橙皮苷给药组的总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)明显低于对照小鼠(P0.05);同时橙皮苷给药组的LDL-C明显小于对照组小鼠(P0.001);全血管和主动脉根部油红O染色结果表明橙皮苷减少了AS斑块面积(P0.001,P0.01);对照组斑块有大量泡沫细胞及炎症细胞形成,并伴有胆固醇结晶,发生脂纹期病变和纤维期病变,而橙皮苷能降低斑块中的炎性细胞和纤维成分,没有胆固醇结晶,多为脂纹期病变。结论橙皮苷能抑制ApoE~(-/-)小鼠AS斑块形成。     

IL-17对髓鞘碱性蛋白诱导鼻黏膜免疫耐受治疗实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎的影响

目的探讨IL-17对髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)68-86诱导鼻黏膜免疫耐受治疗实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)的影响。方法将大鼠分为5组,分别经鼻黏膜滴注PBS、MBP68-86、MBP68-86+IL-17(0.01μg/d)、MBP68-86+IL-17(0.05μg/d)和MBP68-86+IL-17(0.1μg/d)诱导其发生免疫耐受,并在此基础上建立EAE动物模型,观察各组大鼠发病情况;通过3H掺入试验检测特异性抗原MBP68-86多肽诱导T淋巴细胞增殖活性;HE染色观察脊髓淋巴细胞浸润情况,免疫组化方法检测脊髓中单位面积IL-17+细胞数。结果PBS组和IL-170.1μg/d组与MBP组相比,大鼠免疫后出现进食减少、体重减轻、尾瘫、后肢瘫痪等临床症状,IL-170.01μg/d组和0.05μg/d组大鼠临床症状较轻或无症状。淋巴细胞增殖试验结果显示,PBS组和IL-170.1μg/d组与MBP组相比,特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应显著增高,IL-170.01μg/d组和0.05μg/d组与MBP组相比,差异无显著意义,与IL-170.1μg/d组相比差异有显著意义;PBS组、IL-170.1μg/d组与MBP组、IL-170.01μg/d组和0.05μg/d组相比,脊髓切片中淋巴细胞浸润面积较大且细胞数量较多,IL-17+细胞数也显著增多。结论MBP68-86特异性肽段可诱导EAE免疫耐受的形成,预防EAE的发生;鼻黏膜给予IL-17可以打破MBP诱导的特异性免疫耐受,且存在剂量依赖性。     

CETP and LCAT Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with High‐Density Lipoprotein Subclasses and Acute Coronary Syndrome

We evaluated whether CETP and LCAT gene polymorphisms are statistically associated with the high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) size distribution, the cholesterol level of HDL subclasses, and the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) susceptibility. Two CETP gene polymorphisms (rs4783961 and rs708272) and one LCAT polymorphism (rs2292318) were genotyped by 5′ exonuclease TaqMan assays in 619 patients with ACS and 607 control individuals. For HDL analysis, a subgroup of 100 healthy individuals was recruited; the HDL subclasses were separated via ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis under native conditions. Under a dominant model, the G allele of the rs708272 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of ACS (odds ratios [OR] = 1.45, corrected p‐value [pC_Dom] = 0.036). The linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that one of the eight possible combinations was associated with the risk of developing ACS (OR = 1.52, pC = 0.02), which suggests that it may contribute to coronary atherosclerosis. The rs708272 G allele carriers had a lower concentration of cholesterol associated with the HDL2a and HDL3a subclasses when compared with subjects carrying the A allele. Carriers of LCAT rs2292318 A allele showed a lower concentration of high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐C) in comparison to the GG genotype; the cholesterol associated with the each one of the five HDL subclasses was significantly lower in rs2292318 A than in GG subjects. In summary, this study demonstrates that the rs708272 polymorphism is associated with a heightened risk of developing ACS. In addition, we report the association of the rs708272 and rs2292318 polymorphisms with HDL‐C levels and HDL subclasses.     

Alterations in the High Density Lipoprotein Phenotype and HDL-Associated Enzymes in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) usually have low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. We determined the HDL distribution profile as well as the HDL-related lipoprotein associated phospholipase A₂ (HDL-LpPLA₂) and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activities in subjects with MetS (n = 189) but otherwise healthy. Age and sex-matched individuals (n = 166) without MetS served as controls. The lower HDL-C concentration in MetS patients was due to a reduction in both large and small HDL subclasses (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). As the number of MetS components increased, the HDL phenotype comprised of a greater percentage of small HDL-3 and less large HDL-2 subclasses, resulting in a decreased HDL-2/HDL-3 ratio (P < 0.001 for all trends). Multivariate analysis revealed that HDL-2 levels and the HDL-2/HDL-3 ratio significantly and independently correlated with HDL-C (positively) and TG (negatively) levels. HDL-3 concentration significantly and independently positively correlated with HDL-C and TG levels. HDL-LpPLA₂ activity was decreased in MetS patients (P < 0.01), a phenomenon that may contribute to the defective antiatherogenic activity of HDL in MetS. PON1 activity did not differ between groups. We conclude that MetS, in addition to the decrease in HDL-C concentration, is associated with alterations in the HDL phenotype, which is comprised of a greater percentage of small HDL subclasses. Furthermore, HDL-LpPLA₂ activity is decreased in MetS patients.     

氧化型低密度脂蛋白的制备及其对血管平滑肌细胞增殖能力的影响

目的制备氧化型低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL),并检测其对血管平滑肌细胞(SMC)增殖能力的影响。方法肝素沉淀法提取LDL,Cu2+氧化法制备ox-LDL,MTT法测定其对Wistar大鼠血管SMC增殖能力的影响。结果LDL完全被氧化成ox-LDL SDS-PAGE显示,LDL相对分子质量降低;200mg/Lox-LDL可刺激体外培养的SMC增殖能力明显增强;ox-LDL浓度不低于600mg/L时,SMC增殖能力明显下降。结论成功制备了ox-LDL,一定浓度的ox-LDL可促进SMCs的增殖。     

The Potential Role of Electronegative High-Density Lipoprotein H5 Subfraction in RA-Related Atherosclerosis

Although the heterogeneity of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) composition is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk, the link between electronegative subfractions of HDL-c and atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. We examined the association of the percentage of the most electronegative subfraction of HDL-c (H5%) and RA-related atherosclerosis. Using anion-exchange purification/fast-protein liquid chromatography, we demonstrated significantly higher H5% in patients (median, 7.2%) than HC (2.8%, p < 0.005). Multivariable regression analysis revealed H5% as a significant predictor for subclinical atherosclerosis. We subsequently explored atherogenic role of H5 using cell-based assay. The results showed significantly higher levels of IL-1β and IL-8 mRNA in H5-treated (mean ± SD, 4.45 ± 1.22 folds, 6.02 ± 1.43-folds, respectively) than H1-treated monocytes (0.89 ± 0.18-folds, 1.03 ± 0.26-folds, respectively, both p < 0.001). In macrophages, H5 upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of IL-1β and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner, and their expression levels were significantly higher than H1-treated macrophages (all p < 0.001). H5 induced more foam cell formation compared with H1-treated macrophages (p < 0.005). In addition, H5 has significantly lower cholesterol efflux capacity than H1 (p < 0.005). The results of nanoLC-MS/MS approach reveal that the best discriminator between high-H5% and normal-H5% is Apo(a), the main constituent of Lp(a). Moreover, Lp(a) level is a significant predictor for high-H5%. These observations suggest that H5 is involved in RA-related atherosclerosis.     

Aerobic Training in Young Men Increases the Transfer of Cholesterol to High Density Lipoprotein In Vitro: Impact of High Density Lipoprotein Size

Exercise training not only improves the plasma lipid profile but also reduces risk of developing coronary heart disease. We investigate whether plasma lipids and high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism are affected by aerobic training and whether the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels at baseline influence exercise-induced changes in HDL. Seventy-one male sedentary volunteers were evaluated and allocated in two subgroups, according to the HLD-C levels (< or >40 mg/dL). Participants underwent an 18-week aerobic training period. Blood was sampled before and after training for biochemical analysis. Plasma lipids, apolipoproteins, HDL diameter, and VO₂ peak were determined. Lipid transfers to HDL were determined in vitro by incubating plasma samples with a donor lipid artificial nanoemulsion. After the 18-week period of aerobic training, the VO₂ peak increased, while the mean body mass index (BMI) decreased. HDL-C concentration was higher after the training period, but low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C did not change. The transfer of esterified cholesterol and phospholipids was greater after exercise training, but the triacylglycerol and unesterified cholesterol transfers were unchanged. The HDL particle diameter increased after aerobic training in all participants. When the participants were separated in low-HDL and normal-HDL groups, the postaerobic exercise increment in HDL-C was higher in the low-HDL group, while the transfer of esterified cholesterol was lower. In conclusion, aerobic exercise training increases the lipid transfers to HDL, as measured by an in vitro method, which possibly contributes to the classical elevation of the HDL-C associated with training.     

Anti-Atherogenic Properties of Allium ursinum Liophylisate: Impact on Lipoprotein Homeostasis and Cardiac Biomarkers in Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits

The present investigation evaluates the capacity of Allium ursinum (wild garlic) leaf lyophilisate (WGLL; alliin content: 0.261%) to mitigate cardiovascular damage in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: (i) cholesterol-free rabbit chow (control); (ii) rabbit chow containing 2% cholesterol (hypercholesterolemic, HC); (iii) rabbit chow containing 2% cholesterol + 2% WGLL (hypercholesterolemic treated, HCT); for eight weeks. At the zero- and eight-week time points, echocardiographic measurements were made, along with the determination of basic serum parameters. Following the treatment period, after ischemia-reperfusion injury, hemodynamic parameters were measured using an isolated working heart model. Western blot analyses of heart tissue followed for evaluating protein expression and histochemical study for the atheroma status determination. WGLL treatment mediated increases in fractional shortening; right ventricular function; peak systolic velocity; tricuspidal annular systolic velocity in live animals; along with improved aortic and coronary flow. Western blot analysis revealed WGLL-associated increases in HO-1 protein and decreases in SOD-1 protein production. WGLL-associated decreases were observed in aortic atherosclerotic plaque coverage, plasma ApoB and the activity of LDH and CK (creatine kinase) in plasma. Plasma LDL was also significantly reduced. The results clearly demonstrate that WGLL has complex cardioprotective effects, suggesting future strategies for its use in prevention and therapy for atherosclerotic disorders.     

聚硅氧烷在高密度聚乙烯中的分布及对高密度聚乙烯性能的影响

通过了对聚硅氧烷（PDNE）和高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）共混物之不同厚度片材的Si含量的表面能谱（SEM－EDS）定量测试,找出PDM在HDPE中呈“V”字型分布规律。讨论了PDME对HDPE的摩擦性能及加工性能的影响,当加入5wt%PDME时,共混物的动摩擦系数μ从0．28下降到0.12,同时在加工时使流变仪扭矩和电流明显下降。     

宽峰高相对分子质量高密度聚乙烯专用料的研制

通过淤浆法小试聚合装置合成了不同相对分子质量的高密度聚乙烯粉末,对聚合工艺条件对产物物性的影响进行了研究.同时.考察了不同相对分子质量的聚乙烯共混合成宽峰聚乙烯专用料的规律.结果表明:通过调整聚合工艺条件.在淤浆法小试聚合装置聚合产物的相对分子质量可调;不同相对分子质量的聚乙烯粉末共混可以制备宽峰HDPE:合成的宽峰HDPE专用料的综合力学性能优良,在树脂研究院进行加工,性能良好.