水泥-脱硫灰-脱硫石膏复掺对淤泥固化性能的影响

采用燃煤电厂通过脱硫工序产生的脱硫灰、脱硫石膏及水泥对白马湖淤泥进行固化试验.抗压强度结果表明,淤泥中单掺水泥时,固化土强度随水泥掺量的增加而增加;水泥、脱硫灰和脱硫石膏三者复掺时,总掺量一定时,三者的最优比例为6∶3∶1,此时强度最佳且高于水泥单掺的强度.此外,还借助SEM对水泥-脱硫灰-脱硫石膏固化淤泥质土的机理进行了探讨.     

利用金陵热电厂脱硫灰生产水泥的研究

以金陵热电厂脱硫灰作为混合材,进行了粉煤灰水泥的研制。采用正交试验方法,设计了水泥熟料、脱硫灰、石膏不同的配合比,分别将其混合粉磨。试验结果表明,粉磨时间和脱硫灰的掺量对所磨粉煤灰水泥的强度影响较大,石膏掺量对其强度影响较小。当水泥熟料、脱硫灰、石膏的配合比为52:45:3、混合料的细度控制在80μm方孔筛筛余量小于3%时,该粉煤灰水泥可达42.5级,其安定性、凝结时间等性能指标均达到国家要求。     

半干法脱硫灰对水泥性能的影响

研究了半干法脱硫灰对水泥凝结时间、水化放热速率和强度的影响。结果表明:半干法脱硫灰对水泥凝结时间有延长作用。当半干法脱硫灰掺量低于水泥用量的4%时,水泥的凝结时间随其掺量的增加而逐渐延长;反之,当半干法脱硫灰掺量高于水泥用量的4%时,水泥的凝结时间随其掺量的增加相对会变短;随着半干法脱硫灰掺量的增加,水泥的诱导期均不同程度得到延长。当其掺量高于4%时,会降低水泥水化放热速率;水泥的强度会随着半干法脱硫灰掺量的增加而逐渐降低。     

CFB脱硫灰渣用作水泥混合材的研究

CFB脱硫灰渣是循环流化床锅炉采用脱硫工艺后所得的副产物。针对CFB脱硫灰渣的资源化利用开展将其用作水泥混合材的试验研究,分析灰渣的适宜掺量和主要影响机理。研究表明:CFB脱硫灰、渣在化学组成和颗粒组成上都有较大差异。以脱硫灰为混合材,随其在水泥中的掺量增加,浆体凝结速度明显变缓;试样早强发挥较慢,但28 d强度都能赶上空白对照样的相应强度值,脱硫灰在水泥中最优掺入量为20%左右。将磨细脱硫渣作为水泥混合材,随其掺量增加,试样标准稠度需水量亦呈增大趋势,对水泥凝结时间的影响规律也与脱硫灰相似;水泥早期强度随脱硫渣增加而有所降低,但对28 d强度发展没有明显的不利影响。脱硫渣除可作为混合材外,还能替代部分缓凝石膏,其最大合理掺量为10%左右。     

硅酸盐水泥-粉煤灰-脱硫石膏复合材料的性能研究

在脱硫石膏中掺入不同质量分数的硅酸盐水泥和粉煤灰,组成硅酸盐水泥-粉煤灰-脱硫石膏复合材料,研究了其力学性能和耐水性能.结果表明:当硅酸盐水泥和粉煤灰的掺量分别为16％和8％的时,其7d的抗折强度达5.85 MPa、抗压强度达21.33 MPa,吸水率下降18.19％.在硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰和脱硫石膏的共同作用下,硅酸盐水泥和粉煤灰水化生成的主要产物水化硅酸钙、钙矾石填充于脱硫石膏晶体之间和硬化体的空隙当中,有效增强了脱硫石膏的强度,降低了吸水率.     

水泥-粉煤灰-脱硫石膏干混抹面砂浆制备及变形性能

以粉煤灰(FA)及脱硫石膏(FGD)取代部分水泥,制备了水泥-粉煤灰-脱硫石膏干混抹面砂浆,并对胶凝材料体系进行了试验优选.在材料制备基础上,对优选砂浆进行了力学性能、和易性及体积变形性能测试.结果表明,优选的三组干混砂浆力学性能分别满足M7.5、M10的强度要求;新拌砂浆的流动性、保水性满足规范要求,其中粉煤灰掺量越大,流动性越好;硬化砂浆表现出较好的"收缩补偿"效应,且脱硫石膏掺量越大,减缩效应越明显,28 d干缩率最大仅为110×10-6;圆环法加速开裂试验表明,优选出的砂浆具有较低的开裂敏感性,水泥掺量不超过15%时,砂浆28 d均未见肉眼可见裂纹.综合试验结果,推荐干混砂浆配比为:水泥:粉煤灰:脱硫石膏:砂=0.15:0.60:0.25:3.     

石油焦脱硫灰渣用作水泥调凝剂的研究

研究了石油焦脱硫灰渣用作水泥缓凝剂对水泥性能的影响.研究结果表明,石油焦脱硫灰渣主要舍无水硫酸钙、氧化钙和碳酸钙,单独使用作水泥缓凝剂会使凝结时间明显缩短.与单掺脱硫石膏标准样相比,石油焦脱硫灰渣与脱硫石膏双掺用作水泥缓凝剂,其凝结时间变化不大,强度相近,与减水剂相容性较好.石油焦脱硫灰渣与脱硫石膏双掺用于混合材掺量较大的通用硅酸盐水泥缓凝剂,其强度等性能还有所改善.     

高强石膏和脱硫石膏复掺制备家用装修水泥试验研究

利用高强石膏和脱硫石膏单掺及复掺制备家庭装修水泥,通过研究其掺量变化对水泥凝结时间、胶砂强度、砂浆流动度及保水率的影响,根据小磨试验和大磨工业化试生产结果,高强石膏和脱硫石膏复掺可制备具有良好的施工性能的家装水泥。     

脱硫灰用作硅酸盐水泥缓凝剂的试验研究

研究了以不同来源脱硫灰对两种水泥熟料的凝结时间、安定性、抗压强度和抗硫酸盐侵蚀性的影响。结果表明,以SO3计0.5%~3.5%的脱硫灰添加量对水泥具有缓凝作用,且效果强于天然石膏,水泥安定性合格,抗压强度、抗硫酸盐侵蚀能力与掺天然石膏的相当。当熟料中C3A和C4AF总量一定、C3A/C4AF较低时,与天然石膏配方相比,脱硫灰配方的缓凝时间较长、早期强度较高。对于烧结机脱硫灰,其碱和氯含量较高,会一定程度减弱其缓凝效果。     

回流式循环流化床锅炉烟气脱硫灰用作水泥缓凝剂的研究

借助于XRD和SEM等方法,对回流式循环流化床锅炉(RCFB)烟气脱硫灰用作水泥缓凝剂进行了研究。结果表明,脱硫灰可替代天然石膏用作水泥缓凝剂,水泥的各项物理性能均达到国家标准要求,起缓凝作用的是脱硫灰中CaSO3.0.5H2O与水泥中C3A反应所形成的AFm相。与掺石膏的基准水泥相比,掺脱硫灰水泥的初凝时间缩短,而终凝时间延长;3d抗压强度较低,但7d后与基准水泥持平;各龄期抗折强度均低于基准水泥。掺脱硫灰水泥与掺石膏水泥物理性能的差异,是由于AFm相和AFt相的形成过程与结构不同造成的。     

掺合料对硫铝酸盐水泥基混凝土抗压强度和抗渗性的影响

主要研究了掺合料[m(矿渣):m(粉煤灰)=2:1]、水灰比对硫铝酸盐水泥基混凝土抗压强度、抗渗性的影响,并与普通硅酸盐水泥基混凝土进行对比。结果表明掺合料使硫铝酸盐水泥基混凝土早期和后期强度都明显降低,抗渗性降低,且掺量越高,其抗压强度、抗渗性降低越明显;另外,硫铝酸盐水泥基、普通硅酸盐水泥基混凝土的抗压强度、抗渗性都随着水灰比的减小,其抗压强度、抗渗性明显提高。     

脱硫石膏对水泥性能的影响及其品质差异分析

对不同产地脱硫石膏作缓凝剂对水泥物理性能影响进行了研究比较,并分析探讨了脱硫石膏的品质差异及其对水泥性能影响机制。试验结果表明,与天然石膏相比,脱硫石膏对水泥早期和后期强度均有不同程度提高,但水泥凝结时间有不同程度延长。不同产地脱硫石膏对水泥与外加剂相容性、保水性、流变性和干缩率等性能的影响均存在较大差异。研究还发现,亚硫酸钙含量及钙硫比低的脱硫石膏,其水泥凝结时间、干缩性、保水性和砂浆流变性等物理性能均优于或与掺天然石膏的接近;同时,脱硫石膏的结晶程度、晶体形态和石膏溶解速率对水泥凝结时间、与外加剂相容性等也均有较大影响。     

鞍钢钢渣矿渣制备人工鱼礁混凝土复合胶凝材料

以81.5％的矿渣、5％的钢渣、12.5％的脱硫石膏以及1％的水泥熟料,制备出了28 d抗压强度为56.75 MPa的低碱度胶凝材料,该胶凝材料可用于制备低碱度人工鱼礁混凝土.通过改变钢渣和脱硫石膏的掺量,研究了其掺量变化与试件强度的影响关系.实验结果表明:在该体系中,当钢渣掺量小于5％时,胶砂试块的强度随着钢渣的增加而提高;当钢渣掺量大于5％时,胶砂试块的强度随着钢渣掺量的增加而降低,并在钢渣掺基大于20％时快速下降.脱硫石膏的掺量对胶砂试块的强度影响更为显著;当脱硫石膏掺量达到12.5％时,与不含脱硫石膏的试样相比,抗压强度和抗折强度分别提高了168％和176％.利用XRD和SEM分析净浆的水化过程,结果表明,体系在早期水化主要生成AFt相和C-S-H凝胶,并对强度的增长起了主要作用.     

脱硫建筑石膏耐水性能研究

以脱硫建筑石膏为主要胶凝材料,研究无机改性剂粉煤灰和水泥、复合激发剂、有机硅防水剂对脱硫建筑石膏耐水性的影响。实验结果表明,单掺粉煤灰和水泥对脱硫建筑石膏体系的耐水性提高幅度不大。复掺粉煤灰、水泥和复合激发剂后,可以获得6 MPa以上的抗折强度,22 MPa以上的抗压强度,0．6以上的抗折软化系数,但抗压软化系数和吸水率与单掺体系相比差别不大。在复掺最优配方的基础上添加有机硅防水剂,在防水剂掺量为0．8％时,其复合脱硫石膏试块的抗折软化系数0．756,抗压软化系数0．791,分别提高了64．3％和108．1％,吸水率仅为3．7％,显著地提高了脱硫石膏的防水性能。     

脱硫石膏对矿渣水泥性能的影响

本文研究了脱硫石膏对矿渣水泥物理性能的影响。试验结果表明,在一定条件下进行热处理后的脱硫石膏掺入矿渣水泥后可以改善水泥的物理性能,提高水泥的强度及有效地调节水泥的凝结时间;不同的热处理条件和脱硫石膏在矿渣水泥中的掺量对试验结果有不同的影响,为获得最优的性能相对应有一个最佳的热处理条件和掺量范围。当矿渣水泥中硫含量在一定的范围内,随着脱硫石膏掺量的增大,水泥强度也随着增大。因此,在矿渣水泥中可以大量地掺入脱硫石膏来改善矿渣水泥的性能,并有效地利用脱硫石膏这种工业废弃物。     

An experimental study on strength development of concrete containing fly ash and optimum usage of fly ash in concrete

This paper presents a laboratory study on the strength development of concrete containing fly ash and optimum use of fly ash in concrete. Fly ash was added according to the partial replacement method in mixtures. A total of 28 mixtures with different mix designs were prepared. 4 of them were prepared as control mixtures with 250, 300, 350, and 400 kg/m³ cement content in order to calculate the Bolomey and Feret coefficients (K_B, K_F). Four groups of mixtures were prepared, each group containing six mix designs and using the cement content of one of the control mixture as the base for the mix design. In each group 20% of the cement content of the control mixture was removed, resulting in starting mixtures with 200, 240, 280, and 320 kg/m³ cement content. Fly ash in the amount of approximately 15%, 25%, 33%, 42%, 50%, and 58% of the rest of the cement content was added as partial cement replacement. All specimens were moist cured for 28 and 180 days before compressive strength testing. The efficiency and the maximum content of fly ash that gives the maximum compressive strength were obtained by using Bolomey and Feret strength equations. Hence, the maximum amount of usable fly ash amount with the optimum efficiency was determined.This study showed that strength increases with increasing amount of fly ash up to an optimum value, beyond which strength starts to decrease with further addition of fly ash. The optimum value of fly ash for the four test groups is about 40% of cement. Fly ash/cement ratio is an important factor determining the efficiency of fly ash.     

掺合料对硫铝酸盐水泥基混凝土耐久性影响的研究

研究了掺合料复掺(矿渣∶粉煤灰=2∶1)、单掺矿渣、单掺粉煤灰对硫铝酸盐水泥基混凝土强度、抗渗性、抗冻性的影响,并与相同水灰比下掺合料复掺对普通硅酸盐水泥基混凝土对应性能的影响进行对比。结果表明:在硫铝酸盐水泥基混凝土中,掺合料的加入使混凝土的早期和后期强度都明显降低,抗渗性稍微降低,抗冻性明显降低,且掺量越高,其强度、抗渗性、抗冻性降低越明显;但复掺时的效果比单掺时的效果好,粉煤灰的效果最差;而在普通硅酸盐水泥基混凝土中,掺合料的加入使混凝土的早期强度降低,但后期强度超过空白样的强度,抗渗性、抗冻性明显提高,但是,在无掺合料时其抗渗性、抗冻性大大低于相同水灰比下硫铝酸盐水泥基混凝土的抗渗性、抗冻性。     

Superplasticized portland cement: production and compressive strength of mortars and concrete

This paper deals with the effect of intergrinding different percentages of a naphthalene-based superplasticizer with Portland cement clinker and gypsum on the fineness of the product, and on the water requirement and the compressive strength of the mortars made with the superplasticized cement. The properties of the fresh and hardened concrete made with the superplasticized cements were also investigated. The results showed that the intergrinding of a given amount of a naphthalene-based superplasticizer with Portland clinker and gypsum reduced the grinding time required for obtaining the same Blaine fineness as that of the control Portland cement without the superplasticizer. The water requirement of the mortars made with the superplasticized cements was similar to that of the mortars made with the control Portland cements when the same amount of the superplasticizer was added at the mortar mixer; for a given grinding time and a Blaine fineness of 4500 cm²/g, the mortars made with the superplasticized cement had higher compressive strength than those made with the control Portland cement. For a given grinding time or Blaine fineness of cement ≥5000 cm²/g, the slump loss, air content stability, bleeding, autogenous temperature rise, setting times, and compressive strength of the concrete made with the superplasticized cements were generally comparable to those of the concrete made with the control Portland cements when the superplasticizer was added at the concrete mixer.     

Effect of tricalcium phosphate,hydroxyethyl methacrylate,and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate on the mechanical properties of acrylic bone cement

The effects of the addition of tricalcium phosphate (TCP), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) on the properties of standard surgical Simplex-P radiopaque bone cement have been investigated. The fracture surface after tensile test was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The influence of these components on the temperature rise during polymerization was investigated. It was found that the tensile strength, the bending strength, and the compressive strength decreased with increasing TCP content, whereas the inverse was observed for the Young's modulus. The tensile strength slightly increased with increasing HEMA content and then it levelled off when the HEMA content was higher than 15 wt.-%. It seemed that there were maximum tensile, bending and compressive strengths when 2 wt.-% EGDMA (in HEMA) was added. Polymerization occurred more rapidly when HEMA and EGDMA were added, whereas the inverse result was found with TCP.     

硬石膏和脱硫石膏对低钙硫铝酸盐水泥熟料 性能的影响

研究了不同掺量硬石膏和脱硫石膏对高贝利特硫铝酸盐水泥熟料抗压强度、水化放热和水化产物的影响。结果显示：无论硬石膏或者脱硫石膏,当掺量为15%时,熟料的抗压强度达到最大值;当硬石膏掺量小于5%时,对熟料具有一定的缓凝作用,随着掺量的增加,硬石膏的加入会促进熟料的水化;当加入脱硫石膏时,同样促进了熟料的水化反应进程,与硬石膏相比,脱硫石膏在低掺量时并未有缓凝作用,且力学性能相差较小,由此可见利用脱硫石膏调控高贝利特硫铝酸盐水泥熟料性能是可行的。