沙棘果酒的研制

以沙棘果为原料，分别用发酵法和浸泡法生产出原酒，将两种工艺生产的原酒勾调出果香浓郁，口感醇厚的沙棘酒。发酵工艺为：果浆中加入4‰干酵母，于18－25℃前发酵10d;15-20℃后发酵30d。于10－15℃陈酿1年，再经澄清处理。浸泡工艺；分别用酒度25％（v/v)和20％（v/v）脱臭酒精，浸泡两次。沙棘与酒精比分别为1：2．5和1：1．5。将发酵酒70％，浸泡酒30％进行调配。     

沙棘酒发酵生产试验研究

利用野生沙棘果，选用葡萄酒酵母AS2．614，发酵生产沙棘酒，沙棘果 汁发酵初始糖度为20－21Bx，酸度为0．4－0．5％，前酵温度25－28摄氏度，后酵温度17－20摄氏度，沙棘酒果香浓郁，风格突出，维生素C含量极为丰富。     

豆梨发酵果酒工艺研究

研究豆梨发酵酒酿造工艺和参数.以豆梨果浆为原料,经过主发酵、后发酵和澄清等工艺酿制成发酵酒.采用单因素试验和正交试验,研究适宜豆梨酒发酵的料水比、糖度、酵母接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间.结果表明,豆梨酒主发酵最佳工艺为:料水比1∶2、糖度25％、0.03％果酒专用酵母、发酵温度25℃.豆梨酒适宜的后发酵温度为15℃、发酵期为20d.成品酒呈宝石红色、酒度较高与透亮诱人,且色、香、味俱佳与具有独特的豆梨酒风格.     

阿胶金丝小枣酒的研制

阿胶金丝小枣酒的研制陈立忠战建立（山东乐陵枣城饮料有限公司）阿胶金丝枣酒系采用乐陵特产金丝小枣为主要原料配以东阿阿胶，经断酿发酵，精制而成的纯发酵果酒。金丝小枣为鼠李科枣属植物，果型为椭圆形；果色：鲜枣为鲜红色，干枣为深红色；果核为长纺锤形，较细小，...     

大佛桃酒生产工艺技术

大佛桃酒生产工艺技术周长生，季磊，郝振秋（山东肥城添成饮料有限公司）肥城大佛桃酒是选用优质大佛桃为原料，采用发酵新工艺，经科学酿制而成的“全发酵型果酒”，其酒液澄清透明，干甜适口，具有和谐的果香、酒香。在原料上要精选上等大佛桃，尤以大佛桃为最好。在发...     

无花果酒酿造工艺的研究

介绍了无花果酒的生产工艺及操作要点,并对发酵中重要工艺参数进行研究。结果表明:在无花果酒发酵前,无花果浆用白砂糖调整可溶性固形物为24%,且不用添加亚硫酸盐;葡萄酒酵母的添加量为0.3%,经发酵调配,可得到醇香浓郁、酒体协调,极具营养保健价值的无花果酒。     

天然野生山丁果果酒发酵工艺的研究

以野生山丁果为原料,葡萄酒活性干酵母为发酵菌种,研究山丁果果酒发酵工艺。考察果汁初始糖度、酵母接种量、发酵温度和果汁初始pH值等因素对山丁果果酒各项指标的影响,并在此基础上进行了优化试验,得到野生山丁果果酒发酵最佳工艺条件:糖度18%、初始pH值为4.0、发酵温度24℃、酵母接种量0.4%。该工艺发酵的野生山丁果果酒酒体呈浅粉红色,清亮透明,具有新鲜山丁果清新的果香和醇厚协调的酒香,酒度12.5%、残糖1.45g/L、VC 380mg/L、酸度4.8g/L。     

枇杷果酒的护色工艺研究

对枇杷果酒加工过程中的护色工艺进行了研究。在发酵前添加抗坏血酸和柠檬酸，结合一定温度和一定时间的热处理等工艺，有利于枇杷果酒的护色，防止褐变。结果表明，抗坏血酸添加量为0．7g，kg，热处理温度为80℃，热处理时间为20min，柠檬酸添加量为0．5g/kg，能有效解决枇杷果酒生产过程中色泽加深问题。     

菠萝果酒酿造新工艺研究

以菠萝为原料,分别采用As2.346单一酵母菌种和As2.346、As2.399混合菌种发酵制备菠萝酒.结果表明:采用混合菌种发酵制备的菠萝酒比采用单一菌种发酵制备的菠萝酒酒香较突出,果香更浓郁;通过正交实验得出混合菌种发酵制备菠萝酒的最佳工艺条件为:温度为23℃,酵母菌接种量7%,(其中m(As2.346):m(As2.399=4:1),发酵时间为5 d.采用新工艺酿造出来的菠萝酒果香浓郁,是一种极具营养与保健价值的新型果酒.     

石榴酒发酵条件的优化

以石榴汁,添加葡萄酒用高活性酵母,发酵石榴酒通过单因素实验、正交实验,对石榴果酒发酵条件进行优化。结果表明：石榴酒最优发酵条件为：初始糖度为17°Bx,添加量为1.2%葡萄酒用高活性酵母,发酵时间为4d,最终酒度在9.0%vol左右。通过研究影响石榴酒发酵强度的发酵条件,不但酿造出酒体醇厚、酸涩适中的深红色澄清石榴果酒,同时也提高对石榴汁用率,提高出酒率,使酿造技术得到改善。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Detection of adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum by capillary electrophoresis and polarized light microscopy

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH₃CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH₂PO₄-20.6 mM Na₂B₄O₇ buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.