负弯矩作用下钢-混凝土组合梁受力性能有限元分析及受弯承载力计算

为研究钢-混凝土组合梁在负弯矩作用下的畸变屈曲问题,基于作者在前期的试验研究,建立组合梁非线性有限元分析模型,其有效性得到试验数据的验证。应用该有限元分析模型进一步分析了端部弯矩比、力比、腹板高厚比、H形钢截面高宽比、受压翼缘侧向长细比、残余应力分布模式、组合程度等7种参数对组合梁畸变屈曲及受弯承载力的影响。分析结果表明:随着端部弯矩比、腹板高厚比、受压翼缘侧向长细比增大,受弯承载力减小。随着力比增大,受弯承载力增大。焊接截面组合梁的受弯承载力小于轧制组合梁的受弯承载力。组合程度对受弯承载力的影响较小。提出考虑上述影响参数以及侧向弯曲屈曲和侧向弯扭屈曲两种失稳模式的受弯承载力计算公式,计算结果与有限元分析以及试验结果吻合较好。     

波纹腹板H型钢组合梁抗弯性能

为研究波纹腹板H型钢组合梁的受弯性能,制作4根试件进行抗弯试验,并借助有限元软件进行辅助分析。试验结果表明,波纹腹板H型钢组合梁具有较好的塑性变形性能,截面上应力分布基本符合平截面假定,钢梁腹板基本不承受弯曲正应力,腹板上剪应力均匀分布。试验得到的极限破坏弯矩可以达到理论塑性弯矩的150%以上,钢梁腹板局部承压强度高,加载点不需要设置加劲肋。结合试验结果,按照组合梁简化塑性理论,给出了多种情况下,波纹腹板H型钢组合梁抗弯承载力的设计表达式。     

双槽钢组合截面悬臂构件在往复弯曲下滞回性能研究

为研究双槽钢组合截面悬臂构件的滞回性能,建立了8个双槽钢组合截面悬臂构件在往复弯曲作用下的有限元模型。通过改变填板间距、侧向支撑间距、腹板高厚比和设置加劲肋等参数,得到不同参数下模型的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、各阶段的弯矩和转角值及抗震性能指标,分析了模型的破坏特征、延性、耗能能力、承载能力及刚度退化等力学性能。结果表明:双槽钢组合截面悬臂构件有良好的滞回性能;填板间距的减小,可以有效防止单肢槽钢的弯扭失稳;腹板高厚比减小,可提高模型的承载力和初始刚度;设置加劲肋可限制腹板和翼缘的局部屈曲,提高了模型的耗能能力和刚度。     

钢-混凝土连续组合梁腹板局部屈曲分析

对连续组合梁负弯矩区钢腹板的稳定性进行了研究,分析了负弯矩区钢粱腹板在弯曲、轴向压力和剪切作用下的力学性能,提出了组合梁腹板在各种荷载作用下的局部稳定性简化计算模型,建立了非均匀受压、纯剪和弯剪复合受力状态下的临界屈曲应力计算公式;分别计算了钢梁腹板在非均匀受压和纯剪状态下的弹性屈曲系数,并根据偏心受压与剪切作用下的相关方程计算了钢梁腹板在复杂应力状态下的弹性屈曲系数;基于屈曲分析结果,提出了组合梁在弹性受力阶段钢梁腹板不设横向加劲肋的高厚比限值.结果表明:采用该方法确定的钢梁腹板高厚比更具合理性,且计算过程简单,结果偏于安全.     

受负弯矩和压缩作用的组合梁的性能和设计

调查了受负弯矩和轴向压缩共同作用下钢-混凝土组合梁结构的性能。在这项研究中,对6个承受负弯矩作用的足尺寸的组合梁同时进行压缩。轴向压缩的等级由低到高变化。根据试验,构建并标定一个非线性有限元模型来对试验结果进行验证。该模型能够对试验所用梁的非线性响应和最终破坏模式做出预测。所构建的有限元模型对一些常在实际中使用的组合梁可进行一系列参数分析。分析发现,当压缩荷载作用于组合截面时,组合梁的负弯矩承载能力明显降低,钢梁的局部屈曲更显著,影响了截面的延展性。基于截面平衡的刚塑性分析可以合理地预测组合截面的复合强度,因此可适当地使用于设计原理中。在负弯矩区钢梁腹板处使用纵向加劲肋可消除腹板屈曲,并增加组合截面的转动能力。根据试验结果和有限元分析提出一个可应用于工程实践中的简化设计模型。     

体外预应力钢-混凝土组合连续梁的试验研究及有限元分析

与承受正弯矩的简支梁不同,连续梁中支座部分承受负弯矩,组成组合梁的钢板件受压力作用,其力学性能受稳定控制,不考虑稳定影响的规范简化塑性算法会带来不安全的结果.以Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类组合梁和是否配置预应力筋为参数,进行了两组共四根连续组合梁的单调加载对比试验.试验结果表明:无论预应力连续组合梁或是普通连续组合梁,最终破坏特征均为负弯矩区混凝土开裂,钢腹板局部屈曲,整个截面畸变失稳,正弯矩区混凝土板压碎;正弯矩区的承载能力可由简化塑性计算方法计算,而负弯矩区的受力性能由稳定控制,影响其承载能力的主要因素为板件的宽厚比所表征的截面种类,考虑屈曲的承载力计算方法与试验结果吻合.对各组合梁进行了有限元数值分析,分析考虑界面滑移、预应力、稳定等影响,结果和试验吻合较好.     

波形钢腹板体外预应力组合梁正截面承载力及应力分布特征研究

为研究预应力状态下波形钢腹板组合梁的截面应力分布特征,设计制作2根波形钢腹板组合梁,在预应力筋张拉过程中研究了预应力对组合梁受弯截面应力分布特征的影响,通过正截面受弯试验对试件塑性承载力先进行测定;对体外预应力组合梁正截面承载力进行了理论分析;利用有限元分析软件,对与试件同类型的波形钢腹板体外预应力组合梁的塑性受弯承载力进行了参数分析,研究了腹板高度和混凝土强度对正截面承载力的影响。结果表明：预应力对此类构件的翼缘应变变化量影响较波形钢腹板的大约2~3倍;预应力损失对截面中性轴位置变化影响可忽略不计;施加预应力将使波形钢腹板组合梁的受弯承载力提高约30%,腹板高度等参数与此类结构跨中截面承载力呈线性关系;理论值与有限元模拟结果吻合良好,验证了所提出正截面承载力理论的准确性。     

腹板嵌入式外包U形钢-混凝土组合梁正弯矩区受弯性能研究

传统钢-混凝土组合梁需要焊接不同形式的抗剪连接件,为避免繁琐的焊接工序及焊接对钢材产生的不良影响,提出了腹板嵌入式外包U形钢-混凝土组合梁。在冷弯成型的U形钢腹板上部开槽,并嵌入到混凝土翼板,与板底横向钢筋共同组成带有混凝土榫连接件的腹板嵌入式外包U形钢-混凝土组合梁(WUCSB)。设计了8个WUSCB的正弯矩区受弯性能试验,考虑U形钢板厚度、连接件间距、混凝土翼缘板宽等参数的影响,分析组合梁的破坏模式,并基于荷载-挠度曲线和荷载-滑移曲线等试验结果对其刚度、承载力和延性等受力性能指标进行评价;建立了有限元模型,进行U形钢板厚度、混凝土翼缘板宽和梁底纵筋直径等3个参数的影响规律分析。试验结果表明：该组合梁满足完全抗剪连接,组合作用良好,U形钢可以达到全截面塑性,具有良好的整体受弯性能;增加U形钢板厚度和梁底纵筋直径可以提高组合梁的承载力;连接件间距、栓钉及箍筋对组合梁的承载力影响较小。基于试验结果和连接件的传力机理,给出了WUSCB抗剪连接度的计算方法;基于全截面塑性假定,给出了WUSCB受弯承载力设计方法,该承载力设计方法具有一定的安全储备。基于换算截面法,给出了受弯刚度计算方法,出...     

部分外包混凝土简支组合梁受弯性能试验研究

为了研究部分外包混凝土组合梁在正弯矩作用下的受力性能,考察钢梁腹部钢筋混凝土对组合梁承载力及刚度的影响,对4根简支梁试件进行了试验研究,其中包括1根普通钢-混凝土组合梁试件和3根钢梁腹板与腹部混凝土界面采用不同连接方式的部分外包组合梁试件。试验结果表明：钢梁腹板与腹部混凝土界面采用不同连接方式对部分外包组合梁的受弯承载力和刚度没有显著的影响;与普通钢－混凝土组合梁相比,由于钢梁腹部钢筋混凝土的贡献,部分外包组合梁的受弯承载力和抵抗变形的能力均有较大的提高;承载力极限状态时部分外包组合梁中钢梁与腹部混凝土之间的相对滑移值较小,其滑移效应对组合梁截面受弯承载力的影响可以忽略不计。在试验研究的基础上,推导了部分外包组合梁塑性受弯承载力的计算公式,计算结果表明,简化塑性理论可以较准确地预测该类组合梁的受弯承载力。     

腹板加劲H形截面框架梁塑性耗能区的抗震性能试验研究

针对腹板宽厚比较大的H形截面钢框架梁塑性耗能区延性较差的问题,提出在其腹板设置纵向加劲肋以改善抗震性能的方法,并进行试验验证。通过4个梁腹板设置纵向加劲肋和1个未设置纵向加劲肋的梁柱刚接节点试件的反复加载试验,对框架梁端塑性耗能区腹板设置纵向加劲肋前后的抗震性能进行对比研究。试验以梁腹板采用弹性设计截面的试件为基准,考察在腹板设置一道、两道纵向加劲肋后塑性耗能区抗震性能的改善程度;并与塑性设计截面腹板梁的试件、部分塑化截面腹板设一道纵向加劲肋的试件进行抗震性能的比对。试验结果表明：设置纵向加劲肋可显著提高H形截面框架梁塑性耗能区的抗震性能;梁端塑性耗能区翼缘宽厚比满足塑性设计截面的要求,腹板采用弹性设计截面的宽厚比,当设置一道或两道纵向加劲肋时,可达到不低于塑性设计截面或GB 50011-2010《建筑抗震设计规范》二级抗震框架梁端耗能区的抗震性能要求;弹性设计截面腹板纵向加劲肋分隔的区格板件宽厚比与实腹梁腹板宽厚比相当时,抗震性能基本等价。     

Behaviour and design of composite beams subjected to negative bending and compression

This paper investigates the behaviour of steel–concrete composite beams subjected to the combined effects of negative bending and axial compression. For this study, six full-scale tests were conducted on composite beams subjected to negative moment while compression was applied simultaneously. The level of the applied axial compression varied from low to high. Following the tests, a nonlinear finite element model was developed and calibrated against the experimental results. The model was found to be capable of predicting the nonlinear response and the ultimate failure modes of the tested beams. The developed finite element model was further used to carry out a series of parametric analyses on a range of composite sections commonly used in practice. It was found that, when a compressive load acts in the composite section, the negative moment capacity of a composite beam is significantly reduced and local buckling in the steel beam is more pronounced, compromising the ductility of the section. Rigid plastic analysis based on sectional equilibrium can reasonably predict the combined strength of a composite section and, thus, can be used conservatively in the design practice. Detailing with longitudinal stiffeners in the web of the steel beam in the regions of negative bending eliminate web buckling and increase the rotational capacity of the composite section. Based on the experimental outcomes and the finite element analyses a simplified design model is proposed for use in engineering practice.     

Experimental study of prestressed steel-concrete composite beams with external tendons for negative moments

Four groups of prestressed steel-concrete composite beams with external tendons in negative moment regions were tested, and the cracking behaviours and the ultimate negative moment resistances of the composite beams were investigated experimentally. It is found that in hogging moment regions, on adding prestressing to the composite beams with external tendons, the cracking resistance of the beams can be effectively increased; however, the incremental internal tendon forces of the prestressed composite beams are rather small, and therefore can be neglected in the evaluation of the negative moment resistance of the beams. In hogging moment regions, the ultimate resistance of a composite beam prestressed with external tendons is governed by either distortional lateral buckling or local buckling, or an interactive mode composed of the two bucklings. For a beam with a compact section, the negative bending moment can reach the plastic moment when the steel section is fully plastic, and for a non-compact section, the negative bending moment is limited to the yield moment at which the compression steel flange initiates yield. The method for evaluating the buckling resistance of the composite beams is discussed, and a tentative design method based on BS5400: Part 3 is proposed to assess the buckling resistances of the prestressed composite beams.     

Numerical investigation of inelastic buckling of steel–concrete composite beams prestressed with external tendons

The ultimate resistance of a continuous composite beam is governed by either distortional lateral buckling or local buckling, or an interactive mode of the two which is sharply different from the torsional buckling mode in a bare steel beam. A finite element model is developed and based on the proposed FE model, inelastic finite element analysis of composite beams in negative bending is investigated, considering the initial geometric imperfection and the residual stress patterns and the FE results are found agree well with the test results. Parametrical analysis is carried out on the prestressed composite beams with external tendons in negative bending. Factors that influence load carrying performance and buckling moment resistance of prestressed composite beams are analyzed, such as initial geometric imperfection, residual stress in steel beams, force ratio, which is defined as the extent of prestressing force and negative reinforcement in the beams, as well as the slenderness ratios of web, flange, and beams. By varying cross-section parameters, 25 groups of composite beams under negative uniform bending with initial geometric imperfection, residual stress as well as different force ratios, 200 beams in total are studied by means of the FE method. The computed buckling moment ratios are drawn against the modified slenderness proposed by the authors and compared with the Chinese Codified steel column design curve. It is demonstrated that the tentative design method based on the Chinese Codified design curve can be used in assessment of buckling strength of composite beams in a term of the modified slenderness defined.     

手风琴效应对预应力波纹腹板钢-混凝土组合梁抗火性能影响研究

由于预应力波纹腹板组合梁的腹板存在显著的手风琴效应,使其受力性能不同于普通平腹板组合梁。为了研究手风琴效应对预应力波纹腹板组合梁抗火性能的影响,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了考虑端部约束的预应力波纹腹板组合梁在火灾下的数值模型,分析了预应力波纹腹板组合梁在高温下的破坏形式、跨中挠度、拉索张力及组合梁轴力等随温度变化的特点。结果表明： 高温下波角30°腹板的局部失稳区域大于波角45°和60°组合梁的失稳区域;波高50 mm的组合梁跨中挠度值最小;波高越大,临界状态时腹板局部失稳区域越大;平直段长度50 mm组合梁跨中挠度最小,轴向刚度更大;腹板厚度对波纹腹板组合梁跨中挠度的影响最为显著;轴向约束作用下的组合梁典型破坏形态是梁端负弯矩区腹板和下翼缘发生局部屈曲;不同轴向约束比下,梁的轴向力从压力转变为拉力时温度为691 ℃;转角约束比对组合梁的影响主要集中在473 ℃至临界温度阶段;不同转角约束比下,组合梁轴向压力转变为轴向拉力的温度为677 ℃。     

Influence of accordion effect on fire resistance of prestressed steel-concrete composite beams with corrugated webs

由于预应力波纹腹板组合梁的腹板存在显著的手风琴效应，使其受力性能不同于普通平腹板组合梁。为了研究手风琴效应对预应力波纹腹板组合梁抗火性能的影响，采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了考虑端部约束的预应力波纹腹板组合梁在火灾下的数值模型，分析了预应力波纹腹板组合梁在高温下的破坏形式、跨中挠度、拉索张力及组合梁轴力等随温度变化的特点。结果表明： 高温下波角30°腹板的局部失稳区域大于波角45°和60°组合梁的失稳区域；波高50 mm的组合梁跨中挠度值最小；波高越大，临界状态时腹板局部失稳区域越大；平直段长度50 mm组合梁跨中挠度最小，轴向刚度更大；腹板厚度对波纹腹板组合梁跨中挠度的影响最为显著；轴向约束作用下的组合梁典型破坏形态是梁端负弯矩区腹板和下翼缘发生局部屈曲；不同轴向约束比下，梁的轴向力从压力转变为拉力时温度为691 ℃；转角约束比对组合梁的影响主要集中在473 ℃至临界温度阶段；不同转角约束比下，组合梁轴向压力转变为轴向拉力的温度为677 ℃。     

Effect of the local plate buckling on the ultimate strength of continuous composite beams

For continuous composite beams subject to increasing loads up to collapse, a very large capacity of bending moment redistribution may appear in spite of the occurrence of local buckling with a possible interaction of global buckling of a web panel in shear. Two probative tests are presented and analysed, allowing to justify the simplified design methods adopted in Eurocode 4. An improved analysis is proposed using the concept of plastic mechanism. Also, a numerical model based on an original beam finite element is presented briefly in order developed a more general investigation in the near future.     

体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁负弯矩区的承载力研究

通过体外预应力组合梁的承载力试验,研究了负弯矩作用下体外预应力组合梁的开裂和极限承载力。研究结果表明:对负弯矩区组合梁施加体外预应力后,可有效提高截面的开裂弯矩。负弯矩作用下体外预应力组合梁的预应力增量很小,可忽略。一般情况下,对负弯矩截面施加体外预应力,不会提高截面的屈服承载弯矩。负弯矩作用下体外预应力组合梁的极限承载力受失稳控制。把预应力作用作为等效荷载,探讨组合梁失稳承载力的计算方法,采用BS5400:Part3方法计算了预应力组合梁的失稳临界弯矩。