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一种绿色高效的溴代硝基芴酮的制备方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以芴为原料,通过氧化、溴代、硝化反应,制得2-溴-7-硝基芴酮及2,7-二溴-4-硝基芴酮,对硝化反应条件进行了优化。2-溴-7-硝基芴酮最佳合成条件为:水作溶剂,质量分数65%的硝酸和质量分数96%的硫酸混合酸为硝化试剂,回流反应3h,其中n(HNO3)∶n(H2SO4)∶n(2-溴芴酮)=29∶36∶1,m(2-溴芴酮)∶m(H2O)=1∶7.7,所得2-溴-7-硝基芴酮的产率为92.8%,质量分数高于98.0%;2,7-二溴-4-硝基芴酮最佳合成条件为:水作溶剂,质量分数85%的硝酸和质量分数95%的硫酸混合酸为硝化试剂,回流反应4h,其中n(HNO3)∶n(H2SO4)∶n(2,7-二溴芴酮)=40∶36∶1,m(2,7-二溴芴酮)∶m(H2O)=1∶5.9,所得2,7-二溴-4-硝基芴酮的产率为90.9%,质量分数高于98.0%。产品结构经红外、核磁共振波谱确证。 相似文献
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采用冰醋酸作为溶剂,以邻氟硝基苯为原料,N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)为溴代试剂,合成了2-氟-5-溴硝基苯。所得目标产物通过GC-MS定性、GC定量检测。结果表明,最佳反应条件为:n(邻氟硝基苯)∶n(NBS)=1∶1.05,以冰醋酸作溶剂,反应温度10℃,反应时间2 h,在该条件下2-氟-5-溴硝基苯的收率为98.6%,原料转化率100%。该反应条件温和,易于控制,重复性好。 相似文献
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2,7-二溴-9-亚(β-萘胺)基芴的合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以芴为原料,通过空气氧化、水中溴代再与β-萘胺缩合,合成了2,7-二溴-9-亚(β-萘胺)基芴,较佳合成反应条件是:以四氢呋喃为溶剂,空气为氧化剂,n(芴):n(氢氧化钾)=1:2,室温反应6h,得芴酮,产率95.6%,再以芴酮为原料,水为溶剂,n(芴酮):n(溴)=1:2.5,回流反应10h,得2,7-二溴芴酮,然后以四氢呋喃为溶剂,冰乙酸为催化剂,n(2,7-二溴芴酮):n(β-萘胺)=1:1.3,回流反应12h,得2,7-二溴-9-亚(β-萘胺)基芴,产率为87.2%,所得产物的结构经IR、1HNMR、UV-Vis、MS和X射线单晶表征。 相似文献
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2,7-二溴芴酮与锌汞齐和浓盐酸还原反应制备2,7-二溴芴 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以2,7-二溴芴酮为原料,锌汞齐和浓盐酸为还原剂,在乙醇中还原反应制备得到了2,7-二溴芴。对反应过程中还原剂用量、溶剂、反应温度、反应时间、盐酸用量及其加入方式进行了优化选择。实验结果表明,较佳的反应条件为:以质量分数95%的乙醇为溶剂,锌汞齐和浓盐酸为还原剂,分8~10次加入浓盐酸,回流反应8 h,产率84.9%~85.4%,质量分数高于99.0%。对2,7-二溴芴酮与还原剂的摩尔比以及还原剂中的锌汞齐与盐酸的摩尔比进行了考察,其中n(2,7-二溴芴酮)∶n(锌)=1∶5,锌汞齐中n(锌)∶n(汞)=48∶1,还原剂中n(锌)∶n(HCl)=1∶6时取得了较好效果。所合成化合物的结构通过红外、核磁共振波谱进行了表征。该方法的新颖性,已为山西省科学技术情报研究所2007年3月9日提供的《检索报告》所证实。 相似文献
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研究了标题化合物的合成工艺。以N-溴代丁二酰亚胺为溴代试剂,对香草醛进行溴化反应合成5-溴香草醛;以石油醚替代苯作为反应溶剂,5-溴香草醛与丙二酸进行Knoevenagel缩合反应制备标题化合物。二氯甲烷为最佳反应溶剂,通过正交试验确定5-溴香草醛的最佳反应条件:n(香草醛)∶n(NBS)=1∶1.5,CH2Cl2为溶剂,反应时间1.0 h,反应温度为室温。5-溴阿魏酸的总产率75.2%。该方法具有产率高、反应条件温和、时间短、试剂价格低廉及副产物丁二酰亚胺可回收利用等优点。 相似文献
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以芴为起始原料,合成了2,7-二溴-9-二甲硫基亚叉芴、2,7-二溴-9-二十二烷硫基亚叉芴、2,7-二溴-9-二苄硫基亚叉芴和2,7-二溴-9-二硫代乙烯撑亚叉芴4种新的芴衍生物.所得产物的结构经IR,NMR表征. 相似文献
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2,7-dibromo-9,9-bis(perfluorohexylethyl propionate) fluorene was synthesized by Michael addition reaction using 2,7-dibromofluorene and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate as the reactants. 9,9-Bis(perfluorohexylethyl propionate) fluorene copolymers were then synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction with 2,7-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborane-diyl)-9,9 -dioctyl fluorene, 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dioctyl fluorene and 2,7-dibromo-9,9-bis(perfluorohexylethyl propionate) fluorene as the monomers. The fluorinated fluorene copolymers were characterized and investigated via Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR), ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (UV–vis), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and photoluminance spectroscopy (PL). Because of the long fluorine-containing alkyl side chain, the ultraviolet absorption peak of 9,9-bis(perfluorohexylethyl propionate) fluorene is blue-shifted compared with poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)(PF8). The LUMO energy level increases and the energy band gap of copolymers widens. Due to the self-assembly of the long fluoroalkyl side chain, the photoluminance spectra of 9,9-bis(perfluorohexylethyl propionate) fluorene copolymers exhibit a new excimer emission peak at 550 nm. The photoluminance stabilities of the copolymers under irradiation and humid conditions are significantly improved due to protective effect from the long fluoroalkyl side chain. After being irradiated under 500 W iodine tungsten lamp or kept under 70% relative humid conditions, the 9,9-bis(perfluorohexylethyl propionate) fluorene copolymers showed much better photoluminance stability than that of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PF8). These show that introducing long fluoroalkyl side chain into conjugated polymer main chain is a promising strategy to improve environmental stability of devices based on organic conjugated polymers. 相似文献
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A synthesis of diethyl carbonate through transesterification of propylene carbonate and ethanol, coproducing useful propylene glycol, was carried out in the presence of sodium ethoxide as catalyst. The effects of reaction parameters such as catalyst concentration, mole ratio of ethanol to propylene carbonate and reaction temperature on the transesterfication reaction were investigated. The results showed that the reaction is reversible with a propylene carbonate equilibrium conversion of about 64 % at an ethanol to propylene carbonate mole ratio of 8.0 and a reaction temperature of 303 K. A kinetic model was proposed based on the reaction mechanism. The model parameters were estimated by the Runge‐Kutta method. The statistical test showed that the model calculation results were in good agreement with the experimental data. 相似文献
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以γ-丁内酯为原料,分别与碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯,在氢化钠的催化下,利用α氢的活泼性制得α-甲氧甲酰基-γ-丁内酯和α-乙氧甲酰基-γ-丁内酯。探索了反应温度、反应时间、反应物配比、催化剂用量对产率的影响。结果表明,适宜的反应条件为:①合成α-甲氧甲酰基-γ-丁内酯反应温度25℃,催化剂0.3 mol,反应时间3 h,反应物料物质的量比1∶1.5,产率可达85%;②合成α-乙氧甲酰基-γ-丁内酯反应温度30℃,催化剂0.3 mol,反应时间4 h,反应物物质的量比1∶2,产率可达76%。对产品进行了核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱表征。 相似文献
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研究了以DMC、苯甲醇为原料,碳酸钠为催化剂,先合成碳酸二苄酯,然后碳酸二苄酯再与水合肼反应,制得肼基碳酸苄酯。通过设计正交实验考查了物料配比、反应时间、反应温度、催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响,确定了合成中较佳的实验条件:DMC、苯甲醇、水合肼的摩尔比为1.0:2.0:1.6,催化剂碳酸钠用量为DMC质量的3.3%,第一步反应温度为140℃,时间为4h;第二步反应温度为130℃,时间为4h。产品经质谱(MS)分析与目的产物相一致。 相似文献
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以不同碱金属(铵)卤化物为催化剂,考察了其在二氧化碳与甘油合成甘油碳酸酯反应中的活性。采用环氧丙烷为溶剂及耦合剂,极大提高了反应的转化率。实验结果发现碘化物具有较好的催化活性。以碘化铯为催化剂,考察了反应温度、反应时间、反应压力、反应物摩尔比和催化剂用量对反应结果的影响。在最佳反应条件下(环氧丙烷0.3 mol,甘油0.1 mol,反应温度120℃,反应时间1.5 h,反应压力3.0 MPa,催化剂用量0.15 g),甘油的转化率为86.5%,甘油碳酸酯的产率为81.6%。 相似文献
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2,2′-Bifluorenyl was the main product from the oxidative coupling of fluorene, which was also prepared from 2-jodofluorene and copper. In presence of Friedel-Crafts-catalysts the reaction of fluorene with 9-bromofluorene gave 2,9′-bifluorenyl. Polycondensation of 9-bromofluorene with AlCl3 yielded polyfluorenyls with molecular weights up to 5000 and preferential linking in position 2,9′. 相似文献