An effective information detection method for social big data

Multimedia Tools and Applications - In data mining and knowledge discovery applications, outlier detection is a fundamental problem for robust machine learning and anomaly discovery. There are many...     

An architectural design for effective information retrieval in semantic web

The current web IR system retrieves relevant information only based on the keywords which is inadequate for that vast amount of data. It provides limited capabilities to capture the concepts of the user needs and the relation between the keywords. These limitations lead to the idea of the user conceptual search which includes concepts and meanings. This study deals with the Semantic Based Information Retrieval System for a semantic web search and presented with an improved algorithm to retrieve the information in a more efficient way.This architecture takes as input a list of plain keywords provided by the user and the query is converted into semantic query. This conversion is carried out with the help of the domain concepts of the pre-existing domain ontologies and a third party thesaurus and discover semantic relationship between them in runtime. The relevant information for the semantic query is retrieved and ranked according to the relevancy with the help of an improved algorithm. The performance analysis shows that the proposed system can improve the accuracy and effectiveness for retrieving relevant web documents compared to the existing systems.     

基于格式保留的敏感信息加密方案

格式保留加密具有加密后数据格式和数据长度不变的特点,不会破坏数据格式约束,从而降低改造数据格式的成本。分析现有敏感信息格式保留加密方案,均基于对称加密体制,存在密钥传输安全性低和密钥管理成本较高等问题。提出了身份密码环境下基于格式保留的敏感信息加密方案,与现有的格式保留加密方案相比,通信双方不需要传递密钥,通过密钥派生函数来生成加密密钥和解密密钥,利用混合加密的方式提高了敏感信息传输的安全性。并且证明了该方案满足基于身份的伪随机置换安全,在适应性选择明文攻击下具有密文不可区分性。     

An ontology for representing financial headline news

This paper presents the development of an ontology to represent financial headline news. This ontology is developed using the On-To-Knowledge methodology where the focus is on the design steps of the Knowledge Meta Process. This development is part of an ongoing project which aims to design a virtual stock market simulator based on multi-agent systems. The proposed ontology has 31 concepts and includes 201 attributes. The testing results conducted on reliable headline news show that 99% of these headline news can be properly represented by the attributes of the right category in the ontology. Unreliable headline news characterized by news having uncertainties, incompleteness, ill-definition, or imprecision cannot be represented by the proposed ontology. Approaches for representing these unreliable headline news are discussed.     

Multilingual disaster information system: information delivery using graphic text for mobile phones

A multilingual disaster information system (MLDI) has been developed to overcome the language barrier during times of natural disaster. MLDI is a web-based system that includes templates in nine languages so that translated texts can be made available immediately. Mobile phone e-mail with graphic text is a useful tool for delivering multilingual disaster information. The visibility of graphic text on mobile phones was measured and found to be equivalent to the built-in font. However, visibility deteriorates as the character size becomes smaller, especially, on displays with poor resolution. This article also discusses the necessity of multilingual information and measures for a safe and barrier-free society.     

An algorithm for isochrome raster graphic display

Raster graphic display is used increasingly with microcomputers making use of readily available television monitors. An algorithm for obtaining the variation of a function on a screen by showing isochrome segments is presented. Small isoparametric bilinear elements are used as an adjustable intermediate size between the finite element mesh itself and the pixel. This approach permits a simple computer code that is adjustable to different computer hardware. A flow chart of the algorithm is presented and errors associated with the display are discussed. The results of two analyses are given. These examples were chosen for their differences both in the type of problem and in the numerical methods of solution used. First, the stresses in a gear tooth submitted to a concentrated load are presented. In this case, the algorithm is part of a post-processor following a finite element displacement analysis. A second example illustrates stream lines in a channel with a step. For the latter, the display shows the output data from a Gauss-Siedel resolution of a Laplace equation using a finite difference mesh.     

An evaluation of a "time tunnel" display format for the presentation of temporal information

The time tunnel display design technique combines the benefits of configural displays (salient visual properties corresponding to critical domain semantics) with the benefits of temporal information (i.e., the value of variables and properties over time). In Experiment 1 a baseline configural display and a time tunnel display were evaluated using real-time measures of system control, fault detection, and state estimation in a simulated process control task. The results provided little evidence in support of the time tunnel format. In Experiment 2 access to the temporal context was limited: Participants performed the detection and estimation tasks with static "snapshots" of system states that had been generated in Experiment 1. The overall pattern of results indicates that the time tunnel display was more effective for state estimation tasks than was the baseline configural display and or a trend display. Issues in the design of temporal displays are discussed, including representational formats and the choice of temporal time frames. Issues in the evaluation of temporal displays are also discussed, including the role of temporal information and the critical nature of participants' access to this information. Actual or potential applications of this research include design techniques for improving graphical displays and methodological insights to guide future evaluations.     

An optimal storage format for sparse matrices

The irregular nature of sparse matrix-vector multiplication, Ax=y, has led to the development of a variety of compressed storage formats, which are widely used because they do not store any unnecessary elements. One of these methods, the Jagged Diagonal Storage format (JDS) is, in addition, considered appropriate for the implementation of iterative methods on parallel and vector processors. In this work we present the Transpose Jagged Diagonal Storage format (TJDS) which drew inspiration from the Jagged Diagonal Storage scheme but requires less storage space than JDS. We propose an alternative storage scheme which makes no assumptions about the sparsity pattern of the matrix and only needs three linear arrays instead of the four linear arrays required by JDS. Specifically, the data is aligned in such a way that the permutation array used in JDS, to permute the solution vector back to the original ordering, is unnecessary. This allow us to save the memory space required to store an integer vector of length n, where n stands for the number of columns in the sparse matrix A. This storage saving reaches, for the selection of matrices used in this work, from 14% up to 45% of the number of non-zero values of the sparse matrices. We present a case study of a 6×6 sparse matrix to show the data structures and the algorithm to compute Ax=y using the TJDS format.     

An Improved Graphic Representation for Structured Program Design

In this paper,an improved graphic representation for Structured Program Design--N-S-Z (Nassi-Shneiderman-Zhou Diagram) is proposed.It not only preserves the advantages of the conventional graphic and non-graphic representations,but also adds some new features which will enhance the representative power of the original diagram.     

An expressive event-based language for representing user behavior patterns

In-depth analysis of user interactions with applications in large systems is widely adopted as a means to understand user’s behavior for strategic purposes such as fraud detection, system security, weblog analysis, social networking, and customer relationship management. Overall, the user behavior presents characteristics, relationships, structures, and effects of a sequence of actions in a specific application domain. The interaction of users with applications at the business-level generates events that make the elements of the user behavior. Formal modelling and representation of complex patterns of user actions using expressive languages are critical aspects of behavior analysis. We present a model to describe the behavior elements and their relationships. The model also provides a systematic mechanism for describing and presenting events, sequence of events, and complex behavior patterns. A behavior pattern can be defined as a sequence of typed events that occur during specific time intervals. An event consists of a tuple of attributes whose values represent an observation of the behavior. In this paper, first we define a semantic model of the user behavior to address the issues around the user behavior representation, and then we present syntax and semantics of a generic Behavior Pattern Language (BPL), which enables the analysts to define a variety of complex behavior patterns in a declarative manner. We present the feasibility of the approach through several examples of complex behavior patterns expressed using the proposed language.     

An extended iterative format for the progressive-iteration approximation

Progressive-iteration approximation (PIA) is a new data fitting technique developed recently for blending curves and surfaces. Taking the given data points as the initial control points, PIA constructs a series of fitting curves (surfaces) by adjusting the control points iteratively, while the limit curve (surface) interpolates the data points. More importantly, progressive-iteration approximation has the local property, that is, the limit curve (surface) can interpolate a subset of data points by just adjusting a part of corresponding control points, and remaining others unchanged. However, the current PIA format requires that the number of the control points equals that of the data points, thus making the PIA technique inappropriate to fitting large scale data points. To overcome this drawback, in this paper, we develop an extended PIA (EPIA) format, which allows that the number of the control points is less than that of the given data points. Moreover, since the main computations of EPIA are independent, they can be performed in parallel efficiently, with storage requirement O(n), where n is the number of the control points. Therefore, due to its local property and parallel computing capability, the EPIA technique has great potential in large scale data fitting. Specifically, by the EPIA format, we develop an incremental data fitting algorithm in this paper. In addition, some examples are demonstrated in this paper, all implemented by the parallel computing toolbox of Matlab, and run on a PC with a four-core CPU.     

An effective music information retrieval method using three-dimensional continuous DP

This paper describes a music information retrieval system that uses humming as the key for retrieval. Humming is an easy way for a user to input a melody. However, there are several problems with humming that degrade the retrieval of information. One problem is the human factor. Sometimes, people do not sing accurately, especially if they are inexperienced or unaccompanied. Another problem arises from signal processing. Therefore, a music information retrieval method should be sufficiently robust to surmount various humming errors and signal processing problems. A retrieval system has to extract the pitch from the user's humming. However, pitch extraction is not perfect. It often captures half or double pitches, which are harmonic frequencies of the true pitch, even if the extraction algorithms take the continuity of the pitch into account. Considering these problems, we propose a system that takes multiple pitch candidates into account. In addition to the frequencies of the pitch candidates, the confidence measures obtained from their powers are taken into consideration as well. We also propose the use of an algorithm with three dimensions that is an extension of the conventional Dynamic Programming (DP)algorithm, so that multiple pitch candidates can be treated. Moreover, in the proposed algorithm, DP paths are changed dynamically to take deltaPitches and IOIratios (inter-onset-interval) of input and reference notes into account in order to treat notes being split or unified. We carried out an evaluation experiment to compare the proposed system with a conventional system . When using three-pitch candidates with conference measure and IOI features, the top-ten retrieval accuracy was 94.1%. Thus, the proposed method gave a better retrieval performance than the conventional system.     

Digital representing of analog signals using event timing information

An approach to digitizing analog signals based on specific event timing is proposed. The events that have to be timed in this case with pico-second resolution and high precision are the signal and a sinusoidal reference function crossings. It is shown that the nonuniform sequences of the signal sample values obtained in this way carry the information needed for representing the respective analog signals in the digital domain. Software/hardware implementation of this method, based on high performance Event Timer A033-ET, is developed, evaluated and discussed.     

An object-oriented window scheme for representing design and manufacturing activities

The advanced manufacturing technology systems have brought new challenges to manufacturing firms all around the world. The increased need for higher productivity and zero detect products is forcing manufacturers to reevaluate their production philosophy, and improve their product design and manufacturing processes.

This paper presents an object-oriented, window-based scheme that represents various manufacturing activities such as planning, marketing, design, and manufacturing. In the presented scheme, each activity is considered an object and represented by a window.