炭黑加工改质剂ATE-C在轮胎胎肩胶中的应用

考察炭黑加工改质剂ATE-C在斜交轮胎胎肩胶中的应用。结果表明:炭黑加工改质剂ATE-C可以降低胶料的门尼粘度,改善炭黑在胶料中的分散性能,降低混炼能耗;提高胶料的物理性能和耐热老化性能,降低压缩疲劳温升;提高成品轮胎的耐久性能和速度性能。     

水、氧在钼体系催化丁二烯聚合中的影响

本文讨论了水、氧在钼体系催化丁二烯聚合中的影响。结果表明,以Ziegler-Natta型催化剂聚合丁二烯时,体系中的水和氧都能降低催化活性,延长聚合反应的诱导期和降低聚合速度。采用先在丁二烯中加Al后加Mo的加料方式,可避免降低催化活性。     

玻璃的脆性(五)

阐述了采用合适的玻璃成分,降低玻璃中的微观和宏观缺陷、减少玻璃表面裂纹和进行表面处理等措施,以降低玻璃的脆性。     

加热器直径对200 mm太阳能级单晶硅加热效率、能耗和氧含量的影响

大幅降低单晶硅的生产成本是光伏行业急需解决的难题之一.本文采用CGSim晶体生长软件,对现有工业单晶炉的热场结构进行了优化并分析了其对加热效率、单晶炉能耗和晶体氧含量的影响.结果表明,随加热器内径的减小,加热器对石墨坩埚的加热效率逐渐提升,进而使加热器的功率大幅下降;同时,熔体中的对流也受到抑制,减小了对流对坩埚壁的冲刷,降低了晶体中的氧含量.当加热器内径为550 mm时,单晶炉的功率降低了25.7％,晶体中的氧含量降低了27.1％,为进一步降低单晶硅的生产成本提供了依据.     

阳离子醚化剂CHPTMAC的催化合成研究

以环氧氯丙烷和三甲胺为主要原科在水相条件下合成阳离子醚化剂CHPTMAC是一种经济实用的工艺路线。合成过程中的副产物对产品的应用性能影响明显,采用不同的催化剂可以降低副产物在产品中的含量,添加经过处理之后的金属氧化物可降低副产物的生成量,降低了产品纯化的难度,节约了后处理成本。     

再生胶在钢丝包胶中的应用

对再生胶在钢丝包胶中的应用进行了研究。结果表明,在钢丝包胶中加入再生胶,降低了天然橡胶在配方中的含量,钢丝包胶的成本降低,而且胶料的物理性能没有损失,成品轮胎的高速性能和耐久性能完全符合要求。     

降低造气炉能耗的途径

本文介绍了降低造气炉能耗的三条途径:①选择最佳工艺操作条件(高炉温与吹风强度,炭层高度,蒸汽用量);②降低半水煤气的消耗量(降低新鲜气中的甲烷含量,提高合成循环气中甲烷含量,控制好氢氮比,减少半水煤气中的 CO_2和O_2含量)③减少吹风热量、飞灰和炉渣残炭量的损失。     

磷精矿降低铁含量的研究与实践

对降低磷精矿中铁杂质含量进行了试验研究,发现硅酸钠是提高精矿品位和降低铁杂质含量的有效抑制剂。在浮选前加磁选,把部分铁原矿绕过浮选,降低原矿铁品位对降低磷精矿中的铁含量有显著效果。     

应用套管钻井技术的实践分析

套管钻井技术在当今钻井工程中的应用非常广泛。该技术有效结合了下套管钻井技术和下钻杆钻进技术,能够极大的降低钻井工程实施成本、缩短工程周期、降低地下油污污染等优势,在当今钻井工程中的应用非常广泛。     

苯与丙烯合成异丙苯工艺流程优化

针对苯与丙烯合成异丙苯工艺流程中存在苯烯比高、能耗大的同题,提出了优化方案.首先在分离工序中的二异丙苯塔中增加一个侧线采出,通过回收重芳烃三异丙苯达到节能降耗的目的,单位产品冷凝器和再沸器负荷分别降低了19.55%和4.25%;更进一步地用泡点反应器替代原工艺流程中的固定床烃化反应器,利用苯与丙烯反应放热气化部分苯,降低分离工段分离任务从而实现节能效果,单位产品冷凝器和再沸器负荷分别降低了30.62%和22.82%;同时采用以上2方案更进一步降低能耗,单位产品冷凝器和再沸器负荷分别降低了31.38%和23.63%.     

不同氮磷比对藻类生长及水环境因子的影响

试验研究了不同氮磷比对水体藻类生长以及对水环境因子的影响。通过设置水样的氮磷质量比(m(N)/m(P))分别为3、5、10、20、30、50,并对其进行长期连续观测,结果表明,当m(N)/m(P)为3.0～10.0时,有利于藻类的生长;m(N)/m(P)大于10.0时,将抑制藻类生长。在适合藻类生长的培养水体中,磷是限制藻类生长的主要因素。不同m(N)/m(P)对于藻类生长周期各个阶段出现的时间和持续时间影响效果不显著;藻类暴发前pH值与DO浓度都会出现峰值,据此可以建立藻类暴发预警系统。     

P(DMC-AM)高分子絮凝剂的制备及絮凝性能

论述了高相对分子质量阳离子聚(甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化胺-丙烯酰胺)〔P(DMC-AM)〕絮凝剂的制备及絮凝性能研究,讨论了多种因素对絮凝效果的影响。当w(单体)=40%;m(DMC)∶m(AM)=3∶2;m(引发剂)∶m(AM)=0.09∶100时,得到的阳离子型P(DMC-AM)高分子絮凝剂对造纸污水及生活废水有明显的絮凝作用。P(DMC-AM)的最佳絮凝条件为:相对分子质量为430~460万,用量为1.1~1.3 mg/L,阳离子度为33%~38%,废水pH=3~7;在造纸污(废)水体系中,CODC r的去除率可达89%以上,透光率接近100%;采用电子扫描电镜观察絮凝物,结果发现,絮凝后的纤维间可形成多个物理吸附点,交叉网状结构明显,网络编织致密,说明桥联及电中和作用明显,絮凝效果优异。     

P·O52.5R水泥的生产试验研究

通过小磨试验确定助磨剂的掺加量,在大磨中通过混合材、细度、比表面积、颗粒级配等参数的调整,生产出优质的P.O52.5R水泥。试验结果表明,生产优质的P.O52.5R水泥控制指标为:混合材掺加量在5%以内、比表面积350 m2/kg左右、细度≤2.5%(R45μm筛余)、3μm～32μm之间的颗粒含量大于70%。另外,还对水泥中掺入矿渣粉进行了试验,试验结果表明:水泥生产中随着矿渣粉的掺入,水泥的3 d强度逐渐降低,但掺量在10%以内,水泥的28 d强度接近或者高于未掺矿渣粉的试样。当矿渣粉掺量增加到15%时,水泥的28 d强度也开始下降。     

Morphologies and dynamic mechanical properties of core‐shell emulsifier‐free latexes and their copolymers for P(BA/MMA)/P(MMA/BA) and P(BA/MMA)/PSt systems in the presence of AHPS

Different poly(methyl methacrylate/n‐butyl acrylate)/poly(n‐butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate) [P(BA/MMA)/P(MMA/BA)] and poly(n‐butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate)/polystyrene [P(BA/MMA)/PSt] core‐shell structured latexes were prepared by emulsifier‐free emulsion polymerization in the presence of hydrophilic monomer 3‐allyloxy‐2‐hydroxyl‐propanesulfonic salt (AHPS). The particle morphologies of the final latexes and dynamic mechanical properties of the copolymers from final latexes were investigated in detail. With the addition of AHPS, a latex of stable and high‐solid content (60 wt %) was prepared. The diameters of the latex particles are ～0.26 μm for the P(BA/MMA)/P(MMA/BA) system and 0.22–0.24 μm for the P(BA/MMA)/PSt system. All copolymers from the final latexes are two‐phase structure polymers, shown as two glass transition temperatures (T_gs) on dynamic mechanical analysis spectra. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3078–3084, 2002     

抗钙钻井液降滤失剂P(AMPS-DEAM)聚合物的合成

采用氧化-还原引发体系,以N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺和2-丙烯酰基-2-甲基丙磺酸为原料,合成了P(AMPS-DEAM)共聚物抗高温抗钙钻井液降滤失剂。通过正交实验优化了配方及合成条件:m(DEAM):m(AMPS)=0.9:1、反应温度40℃、单体质量分数25%、引发剂用量0.22%,用红外光谱对聚合物的结构进行了表征,初步评价了共聚物的钻井液性能。结果表明,P(AMPS-DEAM)共聚物热稳定性好,作为钻井液处理剂,在淡水、盐水、饱和盐水和CaCl_2钻井液中均具有较好的降滤失作用。经过180℃超高温老化后仍能较好地控制钻井液的滤失量,体现出了良好的抗温、抗盐和抗钙性能。     

Shorter P1m Response in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder without Intellectual Disabilities

(1) Background: Atypical auditory perception has been reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Altered auditory evoked brain responses are also associated with childhood ASD. They are likely to be associated with atypical brain maturation. (2) Methods: This study examined children aged 5–8 years old: 29 with ASD but no intellectual disability and 46 age-matched typically developed (TD) control participants. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data obtained while participants listened passively to sinusoidal pure tones, bilateral auditory cortical response (P1m) was examined. (3) Results: Significantly shorter P1m latency in the left hemisphere was found for children with ASD without intellectual disabilities than for children with TD. Significant correlation between P1m latency and language conceptual ability was found in children with ASD, but not in children with TD. (4) Conclusions: These findings demonstrated atypical brain maturation in the auditory processing area in children with ASD without intellectual disability. Findings also suggest that ASD has a common neural basis for pure-tone sound processing and language development. Development of brain networks involved in language concepts in early childhood ASD might differ from that in children with TD.     

100kt／a P2O5磷酸浓缩装置所产生的浓密渣酸制富钙的工艺估算与流程设想

100kt／aP2O5磷酸浓缩装置所产浓密渣酸用于制富钙。介绍在实验的基础上,浓密渣酸制富钙的工艺估算方法：磷矿粉加入量相当于理论酸用量的100％;利用控制系统m（P205）／m（CaO）=2．54采计算磷矿与渣酸的投料比。流程上选用低温反应,经化成、切削、撒扬、熟化后包装。     

Chemistry of Leichhardt's Grasshopper, Petasida ephippigera, and its Host Plants, Pityrodia jamesii, P. ternifolia, and P. pungens

Investigation of the strikingly aposematic Leichhardt's grasshopper revealed a number of host-plant-derived components. Chemical study of the three known host plants revealed a diverse array of components. Pityrodia ternifolia and P. pungens contain predominantly sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene glycosides and P. jamesii is rich in cineole, dihydrochalcones, chalcones, and monoterpene glycosides. Feces from grasshoppers feeding on P. jamesii contain a mixture of hydroxycineoles, of which 3-hydroxycineole is the predominant isomer (68%). No evidence for previously suspected "alkaloidal" toxins was found in either the insect or host plant.     

改性腐植酸新型阻垢缓蚀剂的制备及应用

采用溶液共混技术，制备了腐植酸钠（HA）和丙烯酰胺－烯丙基磺酸钠（SAS）共聚物[P(AM-SAS)]的共混物[HA/P(AM-SAS )]，研究了共混物[HA/P(AM-SAS)]的阻垢、缓蚀和分散性能，并与HA和P（AM－SAS）做了对比分析。实验表明，HA。P（AM－SAS）共混物、HA 和P（AM－SAS）的阻垢、缓蚀和分散能力了胡着使用浓度的增加而提高。与HA和P（AM－SAS）相比，HA／P（AM－SAS）共混物具有更好的阻垢、缓蚀和分散能力，当HA／P（AM－SAS）质量比超过1或2时，HA和P（AM－SAS）的共混对于CaCO3和Ca3(PO4)2的阻垢作用表现出了明显的协同效应。当ρ（Ca^2 )=250mg/L、ρ(CHO^-3)=250mg/L、ρ(CO^2-3)=85mg/L、ρ（ PO^3-4)=5mg/L、pH=8.5、T ＝80℃、t＝10 h时，HA／P（AM－SAS）共混物对CaCO3和Ca3(PO4)2的阻垢率分别达到了98.9%和97.2%。当HA／P（AM－SAS）共混物的使用浓度超过20mg/L，共混物对碳钢的缓蚀率将超过95.0％。     

The Role of Cytochrome P450 1B1 in Dibenzo[ a,l ]pyrene-induced Carcinogenesis

In human cells, the most carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dibenzo[ a,l ]pyrene (DB[ a,l ]P) forms high levels of DNA adducts through formation of the ( m )- anti -(11 R ,12 S )-diol (13 S ,14 R )-epoxide (DB[ a,l ]PDE) and its metabolic precursor, the ( m )-(11 R ,12 R )-diol. Generation of these adducts results from the catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A1 and 1B1. Additional adducts such as (+)- syn -DB[ a,l ]PDE-DNA or more polar DNA adducts were detected only after increasing exposure doses of the parent compound or in cells that express P450 1A1. At low concentrations (·;100 nM) exclusively ( m )- anti -DB[ a,l ]PDE-DNA adducts were formed by P450 1B1, which is constitutively expressed in many mammalian tissues. Measurement of DNA binding and mutagenicity of DB[ a,l ]P in V79 cells expressing human P450 enzymes revealed a higher activity of P450 1B1 compared to 1A1 at low concentrations. Treatment of P450 1B1 knockout mice and DNA binding studies with fibroblasts isolated from these animals provided further evidence for the central role of P450 1B1-catalyzed formation of ( m )- anti -DB[ a,l ]PDE-DNA adducts in DB[ a,l ]P-induced carcinogenesis.